Identification of surface morphologic changes in the mitral valve leaflets and chordae tendineae of dogs with myxomatous degeneration

2004 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan M. Corcoran ◽  
Alexander Black ◽  
Heather Anderson ◽  
Joanna Dukes McEwan ◽  
Anne French ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Chordae Tendineae ◽  
Myxomatous Degeneration ◽  
Morphologic Changes

scholarly journals Prenatal diagnosis of Shone’s syndrome: ultrasonographic features and differential diagnosis with coarctation of the aorta

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoyan Li ◽  
Liqing Zhao ◽  
Yurong Wu ◽  
Sun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Papillary Muscle ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Coarctation Of The Aorta ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
Chordae Tendineae ◽  
Doppler Image ◽  
Antegrade Flow ◽  
Morphologic Changes

Abstract Objective：To improve the prenatal diagnosis of Shone’s syndrome and identify the mitral valve obstruction associated with the anomaly by comparing the fetal echocardiographic features between Shone’s syndrome and coarctation of the aorta (CoA). Method: Between January 2015 to December 2019, 17 fetuses were diagnosed with Shone’s syndrome prenatally and 8 were analyzed in our final study, their data were compared to normal controls and CoA cases. The main points of identification were summarized. Results: By comparing data between three groups, elevated PA/AO ratio and RV/LV ratio were detected in both Shone’s syndrome and CoA cases. However, TVC/MVC ratios was only increased in Shone’s syndrome. Analysis revealed that the TVC/MVC ratio had the best capability in predicting Shone’s syndrome. Ultrasonographic features of mitral valve obstruction in Shone’s syndrome were unique which help clinicians to distinguish the anomaly from CoA, including (1) morphologic changes in short-axis view: restrictive opening of the mitral valve with diastolic deformity, thickened leaflets, echo-enhancement of chordae tendineae and mitral valve, single papillary muscle or dominant papillary muscle; (5) in color Doppler image: decreased antegrade flow and abnormal flow pattern of mitral valve. Conclusion: There are two key points of prenatal diagnosis of Shone’s syndrome which could help fetal cardiologist to distinguish Shone’s syndrome from CoA in clinical practice, including (1) echocardiographic measurements: the elevated TVC/MVC ratio; (2) morphologic changes of mitral valve indicating left ventricle inflow obstruction in two-dimension short-axis section view.

scholarly journals Biomechanical-Structural Correlation of Chordae tendineae in Animal Models: A Pilot Study

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1678
Author(s):  
Justyn Gach ◽  
Izabela Janus ◽  
Agnieszka Mackiewicz ◽  
Tomasz Klekiel ◽  
Agnieszka Noszczyk-Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Papillary Muscles ◽  
Chordae Tendineae ◽  
Structural Correlation ◽  
Ring Valve

The mitral valve apparatus is a complex structure consisting of the mitral ring, valve leaflets, papillary muscles and chordae tendineae (CT). The latter are mainly responsible for the mechanical functions of the valve. Our study included investigations of the biomechanical and structural properties of CT collected from canine and porcine hearts, as there are no studies about these properties of canine CT. We performed a static uniaxial tensile test on CT samples and a histopathological analysis in order to examine their microstructure. The results were analyzed to clarify whether the changes in mechanical persistence of chordae tendineae are combined with the alterations in their structure. This study offers clinical insight for future research, allowing for an understanding of the process of chordae tendineae rupture that happens during degenerative mitral valve disease—the most common heart disease in dogs.

Myxomatous degeneration of the mitral valve

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Schuster ◽  
Robert H. Davis ◽  
John H. Kohler ◽  
Suzanne B. Knoebel
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Myxomatous Degeneration

scholarly journals Comparison of Outcomes of Mitral Valve Repair for Leaflet Prolapse with Advanced versus Mild/Moderate Myxomatous Degeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1288-1295
Author(s):  
Ying Guo ◽  
Changpeng Song ◽  
Xi Wu ◽  
Xinxin Zheng ◽  
Jie Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Repair ◽  
Valve Repair ◽  
Myxomatous Degeneration ◽  
Leaflet Prolapse

scholarly journals MicroRNAs in Valvular Heart Diseases: Biological Regulators, Prognostic Markers and Therapeutical Targets

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12132
Author(s):  
Francesco Nappi ◽  
Adelaide Iervolino ◽  
Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh ◽  
Massimo Chello
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Prolapse ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Osteoblastic Differentiation ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Expression Vectors ◽  
Chordae Tendineae ◽  
Valvular Heart Diseases

miRNAs have recently attracted investigators’ interest as regulators of valvular diseases pathogenesis, diagnostic biomarkers, and therapeutical targets. Evidence from in-vivo and in-vitro studies demonstrated stimulatory or inhibitory roles in mitral valve prolapse development, aortic leaflet fusion, and calcification pathways, specifically osteoblastic differentiation and transcription factors modulation. Tissue expression assessment and comparison between physiological and pathological phenotypes of different disease entities, including mitral valve prolapse and mitral chordae tendineae rupture, emerged as the best strategies to address miRNAs over or under-representation and thus, their impact on pathogeneses. In this review, we discuss the fundamental intra- and intercellular signals regulated by miRNAs leading to defects in mitral and aortic valves, congenital heart diseases, and the possible therapeutic strategies targeting them. These miRNAs inhibitors are comprised of antisense oligonucleotides and sponge vectors. The miRNA mimics, miRNA expression vectors, and small molecules are instead possible practical strategies to increase specific miRNA activity. Advantages and technical limitations of these new drugs, including instability and complex pharmacokinetics, are also presented. Novel delivery strategies, such as nanoparticles and liposomes, are described to improve knowledge on future personalized treatment directions.

scholarly journals Myxomatous degeneration of the mitral valve

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felippe Lazar ◽  
Laís Costa Marques ◽  
Vera Demarchi Aiello
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Myxomatous Degeneration

scholarly journals Optimizing P2 Neochordal Length and Stability in Mitral Valve Repair With Use of a Polypropylene Loop

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-209
Author(s):  
Anil Ozen ◽  
Ertekin Utku Unal ◽  
Hamdi Mehmet Ozbek ◽  
Gorkem Yigit ◽  
Hakki Zafer Iscan
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Mitral Valve Repair ◽  
Severe Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Posterior Leaflet ◽  
Valve Repair ◽  
Chordae Tendineae ◽  
Optimal Length ◽  
Precise Method ◽  
Artificial Chordae

Determining the optimal length of artificial chordae tendineae and then effectively securing them is a major challenge in mitral valve repair. Our technique for measuring and stabilizing neochordae involves tying a polypropylene suture loop onto the annuloplasty ring. We used this method in 4 patients who had moderate-to-severe mitral regurgitation from degenerative posterior leaflet (P2) prolapse and flail chordae. Results of intraoperative saline tests and postoperative transesophageal echocardiography revealed only mild insufficiency. One month postoperatively, echocardiograms showed trivial regurgitation in all 4 patients. We think that this simple, precise method for adjusting and stabilizing artificial chordae will be advantageous in mitral valve repair.

Abstract 15523: Absence of Chordae Tendineae near Valve Coaptation Leads to Mitral Regurgitation in Lone Atrial Fibrillation

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Itabashi ◽  
Hirotsugu Mihara ◽  
Javier Berdejo ◽  
Hiroto Utsunomiya ◽  
Ken Matsuoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Correlation Factor ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Chordae Tendineae ◽  
Lone Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Coaptation Line ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Mitral annuloplasty is performed to treat mitral valve regurgitation (MR) in lone atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. The mechanisms of the significant MR in lone AF patients are not known well. We assessed the hypothesis that absence of chordae tendineae near the mitral valve (MV) coaptation could lead to the significant functional MR in the lone AF patients. Methods: We analyzed 64 patients with a history of AF with greater than 50 % of the left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, and no organic abnormality of MV. Of these 31 has mild or lesser MR (AF Groups) and 33 has moderate or severe MR (AFMR Group). We also analyzed 33 sinus rhythm patients with normal echocardiographic findings (Sinus Group). Parameters concerning to MV morphology were measured with commercial software. Chordae attaching points (CAPs) nearest from the coaptation line were detected on the anterior mitral leaflet (Figure). Ratio of the length from CAP to coaptation line against that from anterior annulus to coaptation line was calculated as CAP-C/An-C ratio. Results: Mitral annular area (P < 0.05), leaflets surface area (P < 0.05), and CAP-C/An-C ratio (P < 0.05) were larger in the AFMR Group as compared with the AF Group (Table). With multivariate analysis, the correlation factor of significant MR in AF patients was increase in the CAP-C/An-C ratio (Odds ratio (per 1 % increase) = 1.70; p <0.05). Conclusion: The absence of chordae tendineae near the coaptation line represented by larger CAP-C/An-C ratio is related to the functional MR in AF patients with normal LV function.

scholarly journals Mitral valve repair for myxomatous degeneration and prolapse of the mitral valve

1989 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 987-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence H. Cohn ◽  
Verdi J. DiSesa ◽  
Gregory S. Couper ◽  
Pamela S. Peigh ◽  
Wendy Kowalker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Repair ◽  
Valve Repair ◽  
Myxomatous Degeneration
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