Verification of the Cosmic-Ray Event in AD 993–994 by Using a Japanese Hinoki Tree

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 1189-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fusa Miyake ◽  
Kimiaki Masuda ◽  
Masataka Hakozaki ◽  
Toshio Nakamura ◽  
Fuyuki Tokanai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Japanese Cedar ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Mass Spectrometry System

A rapid yearly increase in the radiocarbon content has been detected for the period from AD 993 to 994. However, this event is supported by the 14C measurements of only one cedar tree sample, and verification is necessary to confirm this event more reliably. For this purpose, this study measured the 14C content in Japanese Hinoki tree rings corresponding to the period from AD 988 to 997 using the accelerator mass spectrometry system at Yamagata University (YU-AMS). The result shows a significant 14C increase from AD 993 to 994, and is consistent with the previously measured data for the Japanese cedar tree. This marks the second case detecting an increased 14C level corresponding to the AD 994 event.

scholarly journals Measurements of Cosmogenic 14C Produced by Spallation in High-Altitude Rocks

Radiocarbon ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. T. Jull ◽  
Amy E. Wilson ◽  
George S. Burr ◽  
Laurence J. Toolin ◽  
Douglas J. Donahue
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Exposure Dating ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dating Methods ◽  
Ray Effects ◽  
Cosmic Ray Effects ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

The production of radioisotopes at the Earth's surface by cosmic-ray effects has been discussed for many years. Only in the past few years, with the higher sensitivity provided by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) in detecting 10Be, 26A1 and 36Cl, have the radioisotopes produced in this way been measured. We report here our measurements of cosmogenic 14C in terrestrial rocks at high altitude, and comparisons to other exposure-dating methods.

scholarly journals 10Be Analyses with a Compact AMS Facility—Are Bef2 Samples the Solution?

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Wacker ◽  
M Grajcar ◽  
S Ivy-Ochs ◽  
PW Kubik ◽  
M Suter
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Charge State ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Isobaric Interference ◽  
Rock Samples ◽  
Exposure Dating ◽  
Gas Ionization ◽  
Terminal Voltage ◽  
Mass Spectrometry System

The injection of 10BeF- instead of 10BeO- into a compact accelerator mass spectrometry system with a terminal voltage of 0.58 MV was investigated, because BF- molecules are unstable and isobaric interference of 10B with 10Be can thus be significantly reduced. We describe the method we developed to prepare BeF2 samples. 10Be was measured in a segmented gas ionization detector. Separation of 10Be from 10B could be achieved both for ions in the 1+ charge state with an energy of 0.8 MeV and in the 2+ charge state with an energy of 1.4 MeV. The 2+ ions are better separated, whereas the 1+ charge state has a higher transmission. 10Be/9Be ratios (~10-12) in a suite of rock samples were successfully determined for exposure dating in either charge state and compared with measurements made on the 6MV tandem.

scholarly journals Tree-Ring Dating and AMS Wiggle-Matching of Wooden Statues at Neunggasa Temple in South Korea

Radiocarbon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 924-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Kyu Park ◽  
Yojung Kim ◽  
Ah-Reum Jeong ◽  
Sang-Kyu Kim ◽  
Jung-Ae Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Radiocarbon Date ◽  
Historical Document ◽  
Natural Drying

This paper reports the results of tree-ring dating and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) wiggle-matching for wooden Buddhist statues stored at the Eungjindang Hall of Neunggasa Temple, South Korea. Among 23 statues, 10 were successfully dated by tree rings. The cutting date of logs used for the statues was determined as some time between late fall 1684 and early spring 1685 when the bark ring (AD 1684) completed latewood formation. The 95.4% confidence interval of a radiocarbon date (cal AD 1688–1713, 2 σ), which was obtained by wiggle-matching 7 samples of a statue, is similar to the dendro-date (AD 1684). A historical document recorded that the statues in the Eungjindang of Neunggasa were dedicated in July 1685. The dendro-date and written record indicate that Eungjindang statues were made within 3–8 months after log cutting. This seems rather short if we consider the period required for natural drying to avoid defects such as cracking and crooking.

scholarly journals 14C Background Levels in An Accelerator Mass Spectrometry System

Radiocarbon ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S Vogel ◽  
D E Nelson ◽  
J R Southon
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Measurement Precision ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Present System ◽  
Total System ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Anthracite Coal ◽  
Mass Spectrometry System

The levels and sources of the measurement background in an AMS 14C dating system have been studied in detail. The relative contributions to the total background from combustion, graphitization, storage, handling, and from the accelerator were determined by measuring the C concentrations in samples of anthracite coal ranging in size from 15μg to 20mg. The results show that, for the present system, the uncertainty in the background is greater than that due to measurement precision alone for very old or for very small samples. While samples containing 100μg of carbon can yield useful 14C dates throughout the Holocene, 200 to 500μg are required for dating late Pleistocene materials. With the identification of the procedures that introduce contamination, the level and uncertainty of the total system background should both be reducible to the point that 100μg of carbon would be sufficient for dating most materials.

scholarly journals Chronological Studies of the Arzhan-2 Scythian Monument in Tuva (Russia)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
G I Zaitseva ◽  
K V Chugunov ◽  
V A Dergachev ◽  
A Nagler ◽  
G Parzinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Ancient Population

The first radiocarbon dates from the unique early Scythian monument Arzhan-2, discovered in 2001, are presented. The monument contained a royal burial (grave nr 5). Unfortunately, precise dating is hampered by the Hallstatt plateau in the calibration curve. However, using both accelerator mass spectrometry measurements from buried materials and conventional dates for floating tree rings from the burial chamber, we were able to date the construction of the monument to the 7th century BC. This is consistent with archaeological expectations. Other graves located inside the barrow were also dated. Grave nr 11, located on the edge of the barrow, is younger, showing that the monument was a place of burial ritual for many years for this ancient population.

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