scholarly journals EFFICIENT in vitro PROPAGATION OF Amaranthus viridis L. USING NODE EXPLANTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Tour Jan ◽  
Ikram Ullah ◽  
Bilal Muhammad ◽  
_ Tariq ◽  
Ali Mansoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Dark Green

Hyperhydricity is a frequently problem in plants during in vitro culture and affected micropropagation ofplants. To develop an efficient in vitro regenerated system without hyperdydricity, we demonstrated the effectof different disinfected agents (mercuric chlorite and hypochlorite), growth regulators, their concentrationsand combinations, Agar, pH, ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and number of subcultures. Mercuric chlorite at0.07% and exposing time (9–10 min) was appropriate for hygienic culture. The shoots induced by Benzyladnine(BA) alone or in combination with α-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) exhibited maximum multiplicationwith symptoms of hyperhydricity than those induced by Kinetin alone or in combination with NAA. Hyperhydricitywas also reduced by increasing the concentration of agar, pH and elimination of NH4NO3 from themacroelements of Murashig and Skoog (MS) medium. Repeated subcultures affected both multiplication andhyperhydricity. The multiplication of shoots increased from parental culture up to 5th subculture and thereafterdeclined in 6th subculture. Although shoot hyperhydricity were observed from 1st subculture (19%) andthen increased up to 85% in 6th subculture. This increased in hyperhydricity could be due to the remaininginfluence of hormones. In shoots of 5th subculture the content of chlorophyll (dark green) were higher thanshoots of 6th subculture.

scholarly journals Efficient Regeneration of Hedychium coronarium through Protocorm-Like Bodies

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1068
Author(s):  
Xiu Hu ◽  
Jiachuan Tan ◽  
Jianjun Chen ◽  
Yongquan Li ◽  
Jiaqi Huang
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Hedychium Coronarium ◽  
Mature Node ◽  
First Time

Hedychium coronarium J. Koenig is a multipurpose plant with significant economic value, but it has been overexploited and listed as a vulnerable, near threatened or endangered species. In vitro culture methods have been used for propagating disease-free propagules for its conservation and production. However, explant contamination has been a bottleneck in in vitro propagation due to the use of rhizomes as the explant source. Plants in the family Zingiberaceae have pseudostems that support inflorescences, while rhizomes are considered true stems. The present study, for the first time, reported that the pseudostem bears nodes and vegetative buds and could actually be true stems. The evaluation of different sources of explants showed that mature node explants derived from the stem were the most suitable ones for in vitro culture because of the lowest contamination and the highest bud break rates. Culture of mature node explants on MS medium supplemented with 13.32, 17.76, and 22.20 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), each in combination with 9.08 μM thidiazurin (TDZ) and 0.05 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) induced the conversion of buds to micro-rhizomes in six weeks. More than 96% of the micro-rhizomes cultured on MS medium supplemented with 17.76 μM BA, 6.81 μM TDZ, and 2.46 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) were converted to globular-shaped clumps with protocorm-like bodies (PLBs). Further culture of a piece of the clumps induced more than 15 adventitious shoots. Adventitious roots were produced at the base of adventitious shoots, and plantlets were readily transplanted to a substrate for acclimatization in a shaded greenhouse. The survival rate of the plants in the greenhouse was up to 90%. Plants grew vigorously, and there were no off-types from the regenerated 11,100 plants. Our study also, for the first time, shows that H. coronarium can be regenerated via PLBs, which may represent a new way of the in vitro propagation of H. coronarium. The established protocol could be used for the increased propagation of H. coronarium for conservation or commercial production.

scholarly journals Alterations in Microrhizome Induction, Shoot Multiplication and Rooting of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) var. Bentong with Regards to Sucrose and Plant Growth Regulators Application

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Nisar Ahmad Zahid ◽  
Hawa Z.E. Jaafar ◽  
Mansor Hakiman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Disease Free

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) var. Bentong is a monocotyledon plant that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. Bentong ginger is the most popular cultivar of ginger in Malaysia, which is conventionally propagated by its rhizome. As its rhizomes are the economic part of the plant, the allocation of a large amount of rhizomes as planting materials increases agricultural input cost. Simultaneously, the rhizomes’ availability as planting materials is restricted due to the high demand for fresh rhizomes in the market. Moreover, ginger propagation using its rhizome is accompanied by several types of soil-borne diseases. Plant tissue culture techniques have been applied to produce disease-free planting materials of ginger to overcome these problems. Hence, the in vitro-induced microrhizomes are considered as alternative disease-free planting materials for ginger cultivation. On the other hand, Bentong ginger has not been studied for its microrhizome induction. Therefore, this study was conducted to optimize sucrose and plant growth regulators (PGRs) for its microrhizome induction. Microrhizomes were successfully induced in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with a high sucrose concentration (>45 g L−1). In addition, zeatin at 5–10 µM was found more effective for microrhizome induction than 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at a similar concentration. The addition of 7.5 µM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) further enhanced microrhizome formation and reduced sucrose’s required dose that needs to be supplied for efficient microrhizome formation. MS medium supplemented with 60 g L−1 sucrose, 10 µM zeatin and 7.5 µM NAA was the optimum combination for the microrhizome induction of Bentong ginger. The in vitro-induced microrhizomes sprouted indoors in moist sand and all the sprouted microrhizomes were successfully established in field conditions. In conclusion, in vitro microrhizomes can be used as disease-free planting materials for the commercial cultivation of Bentong ginger.

scholarly journals The Response of in Vitro Propagation of Marumi Kumquat (fortunella Japonica Thunb.) to Different Culture Media, Plant Growth Regulators And Different Fructose Concentration

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-190
Author(s):  
Jeillan Hussein ◽  
Diaa ibraheam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Surface Sterilization

Marumi kumquat (Fortunella Japonica) is culture for its valuable nutritional value and medicinal importance in many regions of the world. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of two types of media enriched with different concentrations of fructose and different plant growth regulators and different fructose concentration on in vitro propagation of Fortunella Japonica. The findings showed that the most effective treatment for explant surface sterilization was by using 0.1% HgCl2 for ten minutes which give best results for production contamination-free explants at the initiation cultures. At multiplication stage, WPM medium gave better results at all tested BA levels as compared with MS medium. No significant differences were showed by using BA alone or in combination with GA3 in the measured parameters. It has been observed that WPM medium supplemented with 0.5mgl-1 BA with the presence of 30mgl-1 fructose was able to give the highest shoot length (1.56cm) with maximum shoots number/explant 9.0 and highest leaves number/explant (21.0). The proliferated shoots were exposed to full strength MS medium salts supplemented with 2mgl-1 NAA which showed the highest ratio of rooting. In vitro rooted plantlets were gradually acclimatized and transferred to open air conditions, which recorded a high survive rate reached to 92%

scholarly journals Clonal Micropropagation of representatives of the genus Dactylorhiza Neck. ex Nevski

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 17-17
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Organic Additives ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Half Strength

Abstract The aim of this study is to develop and improve methods of in vitro propagation of representatives of Dactylorhiza: D.baltica , D. fuchsii. For the study, we used protocorms obtained by the asymbiotic germination of seed during 90 days. It has been established that half-strength of Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium (½ MS) supplemented with 1-2 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine(6-BAP), potato puree (20g/l), and charcoal (1g/l) effectively influenced the development of protocorms, and seedlings formation in the studied species. The result of the study showed that the survival rate of protocorms was high in all experimental culture media, but in D. fuchsii it was better at a concentration 2mg/l of 6-BAP (95.4%), while in D. baltica it was high at 1mg/l (87.0%). The highest percentage of multiple protocorms (68%) and the formation of new secondary protocorms in D. fuchsii (5,5±0,3 units) were observed on a culture medium containing 2 mg/l 6-BAP. The highest percent of rooting of D. fuchsii protosoms (78%) and length of roots (0.9cm) observed in ½ MS medium without growth regulators. During the development of D. baltica protosoms, the culture medium of ½ MS containing 1 mg/l 6-BAP had the best effect on the number of roots (1.8±0.1root/protosom), while the medium supplemented with 2mg/l of 6-BAP contributed to the formation of a larger number of new secondary protocorms (3,2±0,1protocorm/unit). During the subsequent cultivation of protosoms of D. baltica on a culture medium containing 1 mg/l it was observed an increase in the height of shoots (4,8±0,3 см), and the length of roots (2,2±0,1 см), wherein the number of newly formed protocorms was higher by 30% on the medium supplemented with 2 mg/l 6-BAP. Keywords: DACTYLORHIZA BALTICA, DACTYLORHIZA FUCHSII, IN VITRO, PROTOCORMS, ORGANIC ADDITIVES

scholarly journals Plant Regeneration from Leaf Explants of the Medicinal Herb Wedelia chinensis

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Yung-Ting Tsai ◽  
Kin-Ying To
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Average Percentage

Wedelia chinensis, belonging to the Asteraceae family, has been used in folk medicine in East and South Asia for the treatment of common inflammatory diseases and protection against liver toxicity. Previously, in vitro propagation through different tissue explants has been reported, including through nodal segments, axillary buds, and shoot tips, whereas leaf segments failed to proliferate. Here, we report on the in vitro propagation of W. chinensis by culturing young leaf explants in MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 0.75 mg/L thidiazuron (TDZ), 1 mg/L gibberellic acid (GA3), 3.75 mg/L adenine, 3% sucrose, and 0.8% agar at pH 5.8. Calli were observed in all explants derived from the youngest top two leaves, and the average percentage of shoot regeneration was 23% from three independent experiments. Then, several shoots were excised, transferred onto MS basal medium supplemented with 3% sucrose and 0.8% agar at pH 5.8, and cultured in a growth chamber for 1 to 2 months. Roots were easily induced. Finally, plantlets carrying shoots and roots were transferred into soil, and all of them grew healthily in a greenhouse. No morphological variation was observed between the regenerated plantlets and the donor wild-type plants. In addition, we also established root cultures of W. chinensis in culture medium (MS medium, 3 mg/L NAA, 3% sucrose, pH 5.8) with or without 0.8% agar. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper reporting plant regeneration from leaf explants in the herbal plant W. chinensis.

scholarly journals In vitro Propagation of Globba schomburgkii Hook. f. via Bulbil Explants

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 701-710
Author(s):  
Piyaporn SAENSOUK ◽  
Surapon SAENSOUK ◽  
Phattaraporn PIMMUEN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Different Types

An efficient and rapid protocol for the micropropagation of Globba schomburgkii Hook. f. via bulbil explants was investigated. The long divided and undivided bubils of G. schomburgkii Hook. f. were cultured on MS medium (Murashige and Skoog) that had either 3 mg/l benzyladenine (BA) or 0.5 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) added for 8 weeks. The results indicated that the long divided bulbils of G. schomburgkii Hook. f. showed a greater amount of plant regeneration than the undivided bulbils. Callus induction, as well as shoot and root formation, were observed when culturing microshoots of 1 cm in length on media (MS) that had Thidiazuron (TDZ) or NAA plus BA added at a range of concentrations for 8 weeks. The highest percentage of callus induction was 40 % when culturing the microshoots on MS medium supplemented with NAA and BA. The best result for shoot formation was achieved when culturing the microshoots on MS medium with TDZ added. The highest number of roots was obtained when culturing the microshoots on MS medium with NAA and BA added. The in vitro-derived plantlets of G. schomburgkii Hook. f. were transplanted to pots containing different types of potting mixture in a greenhouse. The survival rates were 80 % when G. schomburgkii Hook. f. was transplanted to sand.

scholarly journals In-vitro Conservation of Bacopa monniera (L.) Wettst.: A Memory Booster Plant

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Prabha ◽  
U. Rani ◽  
A. Sen ◽  
R.N. Verma ◽  
A. Batra
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Bacopa Monniera ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Regeneration

A mass in-vitro propagation system of Bacopa monniera (L.) Wettst., a traditional medicinal herb, has been developed. Shoot proliferation and growth were greatly influenced by the months of the year during which the explant were collected. High frequency bud break coupled with maximum number of shoots through nodal segment were found in the month of June and August. Of the different growth regulators tried, for in vitro shoot regeneration, MS medium with BAP (1.0 mg/l) induced maximum number of proliferative shoots (65.00±1.453). Multiplication and elongation of the shoots were obtained after regular sub culturing on the same medium after 15-21 days. Rooting from basal end of the shoots occurred on MS medium with the addition of IBA (0.5 mg/l). After a hardening phase of 4 weeks, almost 95% transplantation was success in the field.DOI: 10.3126/on.v8i1.4311

scholarly journals In vitro Propagation of Bacopa monnieri (L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Poornima Raj ◽  
J. Anbumalarmathi ◽  
S. Aruna Sharmili
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Bacopa Monnieri ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Root Initiation ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Propagation Technique

An experiment was conducted for standardization of in vitro propagation technique of Bacopa monnieri (L.), a medicinal herb of India. Healthy leaf segments of the herb were used as explants with basic Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing various combinations of different growth regulators for callus, shoot and root initiation. The best callus induction percentage (95.47%) was observed on MS + 0.5 mg/L NAA and 2.0 mg/L BAP (T3). The maximum number of shoots (8), shoot length (9.30 cm) and shoot induction percentage (90.48%) was achieved on MS + 3.0 mg/L BAP and 1.0 mg/L Kn (ST4). The maximum number of roots (8) and root length (7) was observed on MS + 1.5 mg/L IAA (RT5). The rooted micro shoots were successfully hardened and acclimatized in green house and subsequently established in soil with survival rate of 90%.

scholarly journals In vitro propagation of Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus)

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Sattar Abdullah Shlahi ◽  
Duha Mysire Majeed ◽  
Salah Mohammed Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Gerbera Jamesonii

Gerbera plant Gerbera jamesonii is classified according to the flower colors to four strains: white, yellow, pink and purple. Capitulum and scape explants were tested on MS medium in half or full salts strength, supplemented with different combinations of plant growth regulators cytokinins kintin (Kin) and benzel adinine (BA), auxin indolacitic acid (IAA). Results revealed that the capitulum showed better response to shoot formation 64.13% whereas the scape did not show response. Yellow flowers showed higher response in shoot formation 37.5% than other strains. growth regulators combination BA and IAA (3.0 + 0.1) mg/L respectively showed better response for shoot multiplication. Auxin IBA (0.5) mg/ L gave better rooting percentage 60% than other auxins IAA and NAA all concentrations. The acclimatization of the gerbera was 78.59%.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Juvenile and Adult Flowering Ash

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Arrillaga ◽  
Victoria Lerma ◽  
Juan Segura
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Apices ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Adult Trees

A protocol for in vitro propagation in flowering ash (Fraxinus ornus L.) has been developed. Shoot apices or nodal segments from aseptically grown seedings or shoot apices from adult trees were used as initial explants. Highest shoot multiplication rates were obtained when the explants were cultured for 30 days in liquid Rugini induction medium supplemented with BA followed by 30 days on solidified Rugini multiplication medium without growth regulators. Regenerated shoots were rooted on Heller medium containing auxins alone or in combination with BA. Rooting percentages up to 71% (juvenile material) or 50% (adult material) were obtained in the presence of NAA and BA, and were not improved by treating the basal end of the shoots with concentrated NAA solutions. Following conventional procedures, regenerated plants were transferred to soil with more than 80% success. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (BA); 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).

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