scholarly journals EVALUATION OF GRAPEVINE RESISTANCE TO DOWNY AND POWDERY MILDEW IN ‘REGENT’ × ‘BOĞAZKERE’ HYBRID POPULATION SEGREGATING FOR RESISTANCE GENES

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Mina Shidfar ◽  
Murat Akkurt ◽  
Arif Atak ◽  
Ali Ergül ◽  
Gökhan Söylemezoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
The World ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
New Cultivars

Downy (Plasmopara viticola) and powdery mildew (Erysipha necator) is known as one of the most mischievous diseases for viticulture in Turkey as well as in the world. Therefore breeding studies play an important role for development of new cultivars resistant against fungal diseases. The aim of this research was to develop new F1 population and evaluate the resistance of hybrids to powdery and downy mildew via marker assisted selection (MAS). Resistant ‘Regent’ and susceptible ‘Boğazkere’ varieties were used to obtain hybrid population. A total of 6 markers belonging to 3 genomic regions were used for DNA based selection. Four SSR (UDV15, VMCNG2f12, VMC7F2 and UDV305) and two SCAR (ScORNA7-760 and ScORN3-R) markers which were developed to the resistance loci of Rpv3 and Ren3 were used for DNA based selection. The results were evaluated together with powdery mildew inoculation observations. When inoculation observations and MAS were evaluated, genotypes resistant, tolerant and susceptible to powdery and downy mildew were identified. Especially 16 genotypes identified as resistant to powdery mildew, can be used in future breeding programs.

scholarly journals Potential of genetic resistance of new table grape hybrids to fungal pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Elena Ilnitskaya ◽  
Marina Makarkina ◽  
Valeriy Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Hybrid Forms

Downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) and powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) are the most common and economically significant fungal diseases in vineyards. The task of this work is to study the genotypes of new promising hybrid forms of table grapes for the presence of resistance genes to downy mildew (Rpv10 and Rpv3) and powdery mildew (Ren9) using DNA-markers. The study was carried out on table grape hybrids under the working names Agat dubovskiy, Akelo, Arabella, Artek, Dubovskiy rozovyi, Gamlet, Ispolin, Kishmish dubovskiy, Kurazh, Pestryi, Valensiya and registered variety Liviya. The studied genes were analyzed using markers UDV305 and UDV737 (Rpv3), GF09-46 (Rpv10), CenGen6 (Ren9). The following cultivars were used as reference genotypes: Saperavi severnyi (carries Rpv10 gene) and Regent (Rpv3 and Ren9). It was established that Rpv3 gene is carried by hybrids Kishmish dubovskiy, Agat dubovskiy, Kurazh, Valensiya, Akelo, Gamlet, Dubovskiy rozovyi, Pestryi. Ren9 gene was found in Artek, Agat dubovskiy, Kurazh, Ispolin, Valensiya, Arabella, Gamlet, Dubovskiy rozovyi, Pestryi. The Rpv10 gene was not detected in any of the analyzed grapevine samples. genotypes Agat dubovskiy, Kurazh, Gamlet, Dubovskiy rozovyi, Pestryi, Valensiya carry Rpv3 and Ren9 genes simultaneously. These grapevines have an elegant bunch and large berries that are attractive to consumers.

scholarly journals SSR Markers Suitable for Marker Assisted Selection in Sunflower for Downy Mildew Resistance

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-326
Author(s):  
Ezgi Çabuk Şahin ◽  
Aral Kalenderoğlu ◽  
Yıldız Aydın ◽  
Göksel Evci ◽  
Ahu Altınkut Uncuoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Downy Mildew Resistance ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Ssr Analysis ◽  
Genotypic Analysis ◽  
Simple Sequence

AbstractThe effectiveness of Pl genes is known to be resistant to downy mildew (DM) disease affected by fungus Plasmopara halstedii in sunflower. In this study phenotypic analysis was performed using inoculation tests and genotypic analysis were carried out with three DM resistance genes Plarg, Pl13 and Pl8. A total of 69 simple sequence repeat markers and 241 F2 individuals derived from a cross of RHA-419 (R) x P6LC (S), RHA-419 (R) x CL (S), RHA-419 (R) x OL (S), RHA419 (R) x 9758R (S), HA-R5 (R) x P6LC (S) and HA89 (R) x P6LC (S) parental lines were used to identify resistant hybrids in sunflower. Results of SSR analysis using markers linked with downy mildew resistance genes (Plarg, Pl8 and Pl13) and downy mildew inoculation tests were evaluated together and ORS716 (for Plarg and Pl13), HA4011 (for Pl8) markers showed positive correlation with their phenotypic results. These results suggest that these markers are associated with DM resistance and they can be used successfully in marker-assisted selection for sunflower breeding programs specific for downy mildew resistance.

scholarly journals Content of trans-resveratrol in leaves and berries of interspecific grapevine (Vitis sp.) varieties

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S13-S17 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bábíková ◽  
N. Vrchotová ◽  
J. Tříska ◽  
M. Kyseláková
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Uncinula Necator ◽  
Botryotinia Fuckeliana

The aim of this project was to study changes in the content of <i>trans</i>-resveratrol in berries and leaves of grapevine (<i>Vitis</i> sp.) infested by fungal diseases, especially by <i>Botryotinia fuckeliana</i> Whetzel, called as grey mildew, <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Berl & De Toni, called downy mildew and <i>Uncinula necator</i> (Schw.) Burr, called powdery mildew. In our experiments two white and two blue varieties were used. Contents of <i>trans</i>-resveratrol were determined in healthy and infested leaves and in healthy berries. Infested leaves of white varieties contained more <i>trans</i>-resveratrol than those of blue varieties. The content of <i>trans</i>-resveratrol in berries was lower than that in leaves.

scholarly journals Mapping QTL for spike fertility and related traits in two doubled haploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Pretini ◽  
Leonardo S. Vanzetti ◽  
Ignacio I. Terrile ◽  
Guillermo Donaire ◽  
Fernanda G. González
Keyword(s):  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Physiological Model ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Fertility Traits ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Background In breeding programs, the selection of cultivars with the highest yield potential consisted in the selection of the yield per se, which resulted in cultivars with higher grains per spike (GN) and occasionally increased grain weight (GW) (main numerical components of the yield). In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) for GW, GN and spike fertility traits related to GN determination were mapped using two doubled haploid (DH) populations (Baguette Premium 11 × BioINTA 2002 and Baguette 19 × BioINTA 2002). Results In total 305 QTL were identified for 14 traits, out of which 12 QTL were identified in more than three environments and explained more than 10% of the phenotypic variation in at least one environment. Eight hotspot regions were detected on chromosomes 1A, 2B, 3A, 5A, 5B, 7A and 7B in which at least two major and stable QTL sheared confidence intervals. QTL on two of these regions (R5A.1 and R5A.2) have previously been described, but the other six regions are novel. Conclusions Based on the pleiotropic analysis within a robust physiological model we conclude that two hotspot genomic regions (R5A.1 and R5A.2) together with the QGW.perg-6B are of high relevance to be used in marker assisted selection in order to improve the spike yield potential. All the QTL identified for the spike related traits are the first step to search for their candidate genes, which will allow their better manipulation in the future.

scholarly journals NGS comparison of Downy and Powdery mildew resistance genomic regions between 'Regent' and 'Red Globe'

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carel Jacobus van Heerden ◽  
Phylli Burger ◽  
Johan Theodorus Burger ◽  
Renée Prins
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Chromosome 15 ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Per Gene ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Powdery and downy mildew have a large negative impact on grape production worldwide. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping projects have identified several loci for the genetic factors responsible for resistance to these pathogens. Several of these studies have focused on the cultivar Regent, which carries the resistance loci to downy mildew on chromosome 18 (Rpv3), as well powdery mildew on chromosome 15 (Ren3, Ren9). Several other minor resistance loci have also been identified on other chromosomes. Here we report on the re-sequencing of the Regent and Red Globe (susceptible) genomes using next generation sequencing. While the genome of Regent has more SNP variants than Red Globe, the distribution of these variants across the two genomes is not the same, nor is it uniform. The variation per gene shows that some genes have higher SNP density than others and that the number of SNPs for a given gene is not always the same for the two cultivars. In this study, we investigate the effectiveness of studying the variation of non-synonymous to synonymous SNP ratio's between resistant and susceptible cultivars in the target QTL regions as a strategy to narrow down the number of likely candidate genes for Rpv3, Ren3 and Ren9.

Validation of Microsatellite Markers of Pl Resistance Genes to Downy Mildew of Sunflower

Helia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (68) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
A. Solodenko
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Parental Line ◽  
Gene Control ◽  
Genetically Determined ◽  
Ssr Polymorphism ◽  
Simple Sequence

AbstractSimple sequence repeats (SSR) polymorphism of 34 microsatellite loci (LG1, 8 and 13) was studied in lines carrying the downy mildew resistance genes Pl and lines with no Pl. The microsatellite loci ORS328 and ORS781 were selected as markers for genes Pl6 and Pl8 in lines HA 335 and QHP-1, respectively. Markers were identified for gene PlARG in RHA 419 and some accessions of H. argophyllus. The SSR markers ORS509, ORS605, ORS610, ORS1182 and ORS1039 were proven to reliably identify the parental line carrying PlARG gene, control and select the heterozygous F1 hybrids and identify homozygous genotypes in F2 generations. Obtained results indicate the necessity of validation of the markers in various germplasm pools and breeding collections. The SSR markers that are tightly linked to Pl6, Pl8, PlARG would be useful in the sunflower breeding. PlARG homozygous F2 segregants, developed and identified with marker assisted selection in this study, are recommended for further breeding as a new source of genetically determined resistance to downy mildew.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Loci Conferring Downy Mildew and Powdery Mildew Resistance in Melon Assessed by Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 556-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Perchepied ◽  
M. Bardin ◽  
C. Dogimont ◽  
M. Pitrat
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Pseudoperonospora Cubensis ◽  
Podosphaera Xanthii ◽  
Resistance Qtl ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Artificial Inoculations

Partial resistance to downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) and complete resistance to powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii races 1, 2, 3, and 5 and Golovinomyces cichoracearum race 1) were studied using a recombinant inbred line population between ‘PI 124112’ (resistant to both diseases) and ‘Védrantais’ (susceptible line). A genetic map of melon was constructed to tag these resistances with DNA markers. Natural and artificial inoculations of Pseudoperonospora cubensis were performed and replicated in several locations. One major quantitative trait loci (QTL), pcXII.1, was consistently detected among the locations and explained between 12 to 38% of the phenotypic variation for Pseudoperonospora cubensis resistance. Eight other Pseudoperonospora cubensis resistance QTL were identified. Artificial inoculations were performed with several strains of four races of Podosphaera xanthii and one race of G. cichoracearum. Two independent major genes, PmV.1 and PmXII.1, were identified and shown to be involved in the simple resistance to powdery mildew. Three digenic epistatic interactions involving four loci were detected for two races of Podosphaera xanthii and one race of G. cichoracearum. Co-localization between PmV.1, resistance genes, and resistance genes homologues was observed. Linkage between the major resistance QTL to Pseudoperonospora cubensis, pcXII.1, and one of the two resistance genes to powdery mildew, PmXII.1, was demonstrated.

scholarly journals Selection of powdery mildew resistant and susceptible grapevine genotypes with molecular markers

2007 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Stella Molnár ◽  
Zsuzsanna Galbács ◽  
Gábor Halász ◽  
Sarolta Hoffmann ◽  
Anikó Veres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Muscadinia Rotundifolia ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Grape Breeding

Incorporation of competitive quality and resistance against the most important fungal diseases (powdery and downy mildew) in a cultivar is one of the most important aims of grapevine breeding. In the 20th century, the most advanced results in grapevine resistance breeding were achieved by French researchers. They used resistant cultivars in more than 30% of their growing areas. In these varieties, North American wild Vitisspecies were the resistance gene sources. The discovery of immunity-like resistance of Muscadinia rotundifolia opened new perspectives in resistance breeding. M. rotundifolia harbours a dominant powdery mildew gene, providing resistance in highquality cultivars after back-crosses with V. vinifera varieties. M. rotundifolia has been involved in the Hungarian grape breeding programs since 1996, thanks to a French-Hungarian variety exchange. In addition to traditional selection methods, application of MAS (Marker Assisted Selection) based on various types ofmolecular markers, can provide additional tools for these efforts. Run1 locus, responsible for powdery mildew resistance, was identified in Muscadinia rotundifolia. Molecular markers closely linked to this locus are very significant in screening progenies deriving from M. rotundifolia and V. vinifera crosses, making possible the discrimination between resistant and susceptible genotypes at DNA level. In our analyses BC5 progeny of {(M. rotundifola×V. vinifera) BC4}×Cardinal (V. vinifera) tested for powdery symptoms were analysed with PCR-RFLP (GLP1- 12P1P3) and microsatellite markers (VMC4f3.1, VMC8g9). Our results proved the applicability of the linked markers and reliability of marker assisted selection.

scholarly journals Pyramiding resistance genes and widening the genetic base of the apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) crop

Italus Hortus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Raffaele Testolin ◽  
Luigi Falginella ◽  
Alberto De Carli ◽  
Gloria De Mori ◽  
Guido Cipriani
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Vf Gene ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
New Cultivars

Apple breeding is active worldwide and yet the apple crop is in a precarious state as it relies on few dominant cultivars and only the Rvi6 (formerly Vf) gene, that confers resistance to scab, has been extensively exploited in the cultivars entered the market in recent years. However, there are some 20 disease resistance genes described in apple and the apple germplasm includes thousands of accessions in the repositories. In this paper, a breeding programme is described, whereby 36 genotypes, including ancient and contemporary apple cultivars, were crossed to produce a new set of selections that combine extensive genetic resources with pyramided resistance genes to several apple diseases, such as scab and powdery mildew. The 110 cross combinations carried out successfully, of the 260 initially planned, produced 7,876 offsprings, reduced to 2,969 after screening with molecular markers associated with five resistance genes. Selections with three or two resistance genes and good agronomic characteristics were kept for further field observations with the aims of creating new cultivars for the market and new parents for future breeding projects

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