CD4 Count as a Determinant in Clinicalepidemiological Profile of HIV Positive Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Anusha Rashmi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Cytomorphological Analysis of Lymph Node Lesions in HIV-Positive Patients with CD4 Count Correlation: A Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Siddiqa Nasser ◽  
Rashmi K. Patil ◽  
Shreekanth K. Kittur
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio

Objectives: To study the cytomorphological spectrum of lymph node lesions in HIV-positive patients and correlate the cytological findings with the CD4 count. Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study of 23 months' duration which included 110 HIV-positive cases proved according to the guidelines of the National AIDS Control Organisation. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was done on clinically palpable lymph nodes. Special stains and culture were done wherever necessary. CD4 count was done by flow cytometry and subsequently correlated with the cytological findings. Results: Our study included 110 cases, ranging in age from 6 to 70 years, peaking in the 3rd to 4th decade (n = 46). The male-to-female ratio was 1.75:1 and the predominant site was the cervical group of lymph nodes (n = 71). Each lesion was correlated with CD4 count, laboratory and clinical findings, and was further segregated based on WHO and CDC staging. Cytological lesions were tubercular (53.6%), reactive (27.1%), suppurative (6.4%) lymphadenitis, lymphoma (4.5%), cystic lymphoid hyperplasia (2.8%), metastases (1.9%), cryptococcal lymphadenitis (0.9%). The mean CD4 count was 217.4, 434.4, 181.4, 149, 580, 225, and 207 cells/µL, respectively. There was a highly significant correlation of cytological findings with CD4 count (χ2 value = 44.57 and p < 0.001). Conclusion: FNAC is a primary, safe, and valuable tool for the identification of opportunistic infections, neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions, as well as therapeutic modality in certain conditions. Correlation of lesions with CD4 count provides information about immune status, HIV stage and segregating cases, and also aids further evaluation and management.

scholarly journals Retinal Microvasculopathy Is Common in HIV/AIDS Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Kwasi Abu ◽  
Samuel Abokyi ◽  
Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah ◽  
Richard Kobina Dadzie Ephraim ◽  
Daniel Afedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cape Coast ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ocular Disorders

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ocular disorders in HIV positive patients attending the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana. Methods. A cross-sectional study using systematic random sampling was conducted on 295 HIV positive patients. Data collection consisted of semistructured questionnaires, laboratory investigation, medical profile, and ophthalmic examination. Statistical association tests including χ2, independent t-test, and ANOVA were done. A p value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. Of the 295 participants, 205 (69.5%) were on antiretroviral therapy while 90 (30.3%) were not on therapy. Majority of the participants (162, 54.9%) were in clinical stage two, followed by stages three (68, 23.1%), one (62, 21%), and four (3, 1%), respectively. The overall prevalence of ocular disorders was 5.8%. The most common HIV related ocular disorder was HIV retinal microvasculopathy (58.8%), followed by herpes zoster ophthalmicus and Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis, both representing 11.8% of ocular disorders seen. Cytomegalovirus retinitis, Bell’s palsy, and optic neuritis were the least common (5.9%). CMV retinitis recorded the highest viral load of 1,474,676 copies/mL and mean CD4 count of 136 cells/mm3. The mean CD4 count for participants with HIV related ocular disorders was significantly lower compared to participants without disorders (t=2.5, p=0.012). Participants with ocular disorders also recorded significantly higher mean viral loads than those who did not have ocular disorders (t=2.8, p=0.006). Conclusion. Lower CD4 counts and high viral load copies were associated with the manifestation of HIV related ocular disorders.

scholarly journals The hope of women with HIV/AIDS: evaluation using the Herth Scale

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana de Souza Orlandi ◽  
Neide de Souza Praça
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
The City ◽  
Hiv Aids

This descriptive cross-sectional study had the objective to evaluate the level of hope in women aged 50 or older suffering from HIV/AIDS, utilizing the Herth Hope Scale. The study involved 200 HIV- positive women, within the age bracket of interest, enrolled in three STI/AIDS specialized healthcare services in the city of São Paulo. The rules of the 196/96 Resolution were met and the study was approved by the Research and Ethics Committee. Data were collected in 2010 using two instruments: subjects' characterization and the Herth Hope Scale. Results demonstrated an average score of 36.75 (±4.52) on the Herth Hope Scale, with an interval of 12 to 48. This score is below the score obtained with the same scale for various pathologies, indicating a reduced perception of hope by the sample. Nurses should provide interventions to improve hope for these people, establishing realistic goals and strengthening social support.

Contraceptive method use among HIV-positive women in a US urban outpatient clinic: an exploratory cross-sectional study

Contraception ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 492-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Tote ◽  
V.T. Raziano ◽  
K.M. Wall ◽  
S. Cordes ◽  
I. Ofotokun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Positive Women

scholarly journals Cancer in HIV-positive and HIV-negative adolescents and young adults in South Africa: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e043941
Author(s):  
Tafadzwa Dhokotera ◽  
Julia Bohlius ◽  
Matthias Egger ◽  
Adrian Spoerri ◽  
Jabulani Ronnie Ncayiyana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Laboratory Service ◽  
Living With Hiv

ObjectiveTo determine the spectrum of cancers in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) living with and without HIV in South Africa.DesignCross-sectional study with cancer records provided by the National Cancer Registry (NCR) and HIV records from the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS).Setting and participantsThe NHLS is the largest provider of pathology services in the South African public sector. The NCR is a division of the NHLS. We included AYAs (aged 10–24 years) diagnosed with cancer by public health sector laboratories between 2004 and 2014 (n=8479). HIV status was obtained through record linkages and text mining.Primary and secondary outcomesWe determined the spectrum of cancers by HIV status in AYAs. We used multivariable logistic regression to describe the association of cancer in AYAs with HIV, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity and calendar period. We imputed (post hoc) the HIV status for AYA with unknown HIV status.Results8479 AYAs were diagnosed with cancer, HIV status was known for 45% (n=3812). Of those whose status was known, about half were HIV positive (n=1853). AYAs living with HIV were more likely to have Kaposi’s sarcoma (adjusted OR (aOR) 218, 95% CI 89.9 to 530), cervical cancer (aOR 2.18, 95% CI 1.23 to 3.89), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (aOR 2.12, 95% CI 1.69 to 2.66) and anogenital cancers other than cervix (aOR 2.73, 95% CI 1.27 to 5.86) than AYAs without HIV. About 44% (n=1062) of AYAs with HIV-related cancers had not been tested for HIV.ConclusionsTargeted HIV testing for AYAs diagnosed with cancer, followed by immediate start of antiretroviral therapy, screening for cervical precancer and vaccination against human papilloma virus is needed to decrease cancer burden in AYAs living with HIV in South Africa.

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