A liberális teológia kritikája. A Debreceni Hitvallás (1875) és az új ortodoxia krisztológiája a Heidelbergi Káté és a II. Helvét Hitvallás tükrében

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-58
Author(s):  
Ábrahám Kovács ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Church ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Liberal Theology ◽  
Space And Time

Abstract. A Critique of Liberal Theology. The Christology of the Confession of Debrecen (1875) in the Light of Heidelberg Catechism and the II. Helvetic Confession. The study aims to compare some of the Christological statements of Hungarian liberal theology and the Confession of the New Orthodoxy of Debrecen (1875). First, it explores the context where the debate took place. At the same time, it is ex-plained briefly how genuine Hungarian theology was being shaped and articulated. Then, some selected Christological texts of the Confession will be analysed in the light of Heidelberg Catechism and the II. Helvetic Confession so as to point out how far liberal, modern theology has gone with its earnest yet radically different in-terpretation of the basic tenets of the creed. As a conclusion, it will be underlined how close the confessions – regardless of space and time – stood to each other in their endeavour to combat ‘heresy’, non-orthodoxy emerging either in the early church or in modern times. Keywords: Confession of Debrecen, Christology, Heidelberg Catechism and the II. Helvetic Confession, Hungarian liberal theology

scholarly journals On the Foundation of Space and Time by Quantum-Events

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Schlatter
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Einstein's Equation ◽  
Material Systems ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractThe true nature of space and time has been a topic of natural philosophy, passed down since the presocratic era. In modern times reflection has particularly been inspired by the physical theories of Newton and Einstein and, more recently, by the quest for a theory of quantum gravity. In this paper we want to specify the idea that material systems and their spatio-temporal distances emerge from quantum-events. We will show a mechanism, by which quantum-events induce a metric field between material systems, which is governed by Einstein's equation including a cosmological constant.

scholarly journals Bultmann's Thoughs:Demitologizationand Its Impact on the Contemporary Christianity Today

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Stanley Kalalo ◽  
Antoni Bastian ◽  
David Ming
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Liberal Theology ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Form Criticism

Liberal theology was a characteristic that stood out in Bultmann's day. Several questions arise: Who is Rudolf Karl Bultmann? How did Bultmann and his thinking demotologi? What are Bultmann's works? How Demithologization and Its Impact on 21st Century Era Christianity? The solution is: (1) Bultman is a New Testament figure based on his form criticism. (2) The demotology says that the entire New Testament is a myth. Especially the stories about the Lord Jesus. He argued that the experiences of the Lord Jesus' ministry, his miracles, death, and resurrection, were stories fabricated by the early church. Biblical evangelicals believe in the invalidity of the Bible and all supernatural events that are recorded in the Bible, both the Old Testament, as well as the events of the preaching of the Word carried out by the Lord Jesus Christ and the Rulers, accompanied by a statement of power, is a truth that also makes sense. Christian faith, cannot accept unreasonable things.Bultmann'sdemitologization should not be taken as a theology, but as a discourse of seeking the truth with no clear origin, a thought for those who do not know God, namely vain thoughts, dark understanding.

scholarly journals Cidadania Transnacional: a Integração Jurídica na Sociedade Globalizada

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Bacega De Bastiani ◽  
Mayara Pellenz
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
The State ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Democratic Process ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
New Model ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Transnational Citizenship

CIDADANIA TRANSNACIONAL:A INTEGRAÇÃO JURÍDICA NA SOCIEDADE GLOBALIZADA TRANSNATIONAL CITIZENSHIP:LEGAL INTEGRATION IN THE GLOBALIZED SOCIETY Ana Cristina Bacega De Bastiani*Mayara Pellenz** RESUMO: A presente pesquisa objetiva estudar um novo modelo de Cidadania, diferente do tradicional conceito utilizado para designar o vínculo entre Estado e Cidadão. A Cidadania, nos moldes como se encontra hoje, é um conceito que precisa ser revisitado, considerando caráter transnacional que é característico dos novos tempos. Atualmente, o significado da palavra desvela novas características, e sofre transformações no tempo e no espaço adquirindo novos contornos à luz dos direitos fundamentais e efetivando-se em espaços onde o processo democrático é estabelecido. Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e do método dedutivo, chama-se atenção ao tema, para compreender a configuração atual da Cidadania e de que forma ela precisa ser redimensionada, para alcançar os cidadãos inseridos em uma sociedade de características transnacionais, de forma a viabilizar a integração jurídica e social. É preciso esclarecimentos neste sentido, pois, além do vínculo com o Estado, a categoria é um importante mecanismo de inclusão de cidadãos, que precisa manter sua força para de fomentar vínculos de pertença, de responsabilidade, de reconhecimento e de integração. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cidadania transnacional. Transnacionalidade. Estado. Globalização. Democracia. ABSTRACT: This research aims to study a new model of Citizenship, different from the traditional concept used do designate the bond between State and Citizen. The citizenship, in models such as the ones found nowadays, is a concept that needs to be reevaluated, considering the transnational nature that is peculiar from modern times. Currently, the meaning of the word reveals new characteristics and suffers transformations in space and time acquiring new shapes in light of the fundamental rights and becoming effective in spaces where the democratic process is established. Through bibliographic research and inductive method, we draw the attention to such subject, to comprehend the current setup of the Citizenship and to comprehend in what way it needs to be remodeled, in order to reach the citizens included in a society with transnational characteristics, in favor of enabling the legal and social integration. It needs clarification on this regard because, more than a bond to the State, it is also an important mechanism of citizen inclusion, which needs to maintain its power to promote belonging, accountability, recognition, and integration bonds. KEYWORDS: Transnational Citizenship. Transnationality. State. Globalization. Democracy. * Mestranda do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito da Faculdade Meridional, especialista em Direito Processual Civil pela Faculdade Anhanguera de Passo Fundo e advogada.** Mestranda do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito da Faculdade Meridional, especialista em Direito Penal e Direito Processual Penal pela Faculdade Meridional e advogada.

Unity and Diversity in the Church of the Fourth Century

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Andrew Louth
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Look Back ◽  
The Church

To look back to the early Church as a theologian and historian, and ask questions about her unity, is to enter on a long tradition, which goes back at least to the Reformation, if not to the Great Schism of 1054 itself. Once the Church had split, the various separated Christians looked back to justify their position in that tragedy. They scoured the early sources for evidence for and against episcopacy, papacy, authority confided to tradition or to Scripture alone: they questioned the form in which these early sources have come down to us - the sixteenth century saw reserves of scholarly genius poured into the problem, for instance, of the genuineness of the Ignatian correspondence, and what fired all that, apart from scholarly curiosity, was the burning question of the authenticity of episcopal authority on which Ignatius speaks so decisively. Out of that the critical discipline of patristics emerged. It was, in fact, rather later that the fourth century became the focus of the debate about the unity, authority, and identity of the Church - Newman obviously springs to mind and his Arians of the Fourth Century (London, 1833) and his Essay on the Development of Doctrine (London, 1845). Later on, the fourth century attracted the attention of scholars such as Professor H. M. Gwatkin and his Studies in Arianism (Cambridge, 1882), and Professor S. L. Greenslade and his Schism in the Early Church (London, 1953), and in quite modern times Arianism, in particular, has remained a mirror in which scholars have seen reflected the problems of the modern Church (a good example is the third part of Rowan Williams’s Arius: Heresy and Tradition [London, 1987], though there are plenty of others). Continental scholars such as Adolf von Harnack also studied the past, informed by theological perspectives derived from the present; in a different and striking way Erik Peterson turned to the fourth century to find the roots of an ideology of unity that was fuelling the murderous policies of Nazism. In all these cases the fourth century seemed to be a test case ‒ for questions of modern ecclesiology: Rome defended by development in the case of Newman, the justification for the ecumenical movement in the case of Greenslade.

Biodiversity: Past, Present, and Future

1997 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. John Sepkoski
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Question ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Space And Time

Biodiversity is the number and variability of genes, species, and communities in space and time (Norse et al., 1986; Wilson, 1988; Heywood and Baste, 1995). The fundamental question that has governed its study in modern times is Hutchinson's (1959): “Why are there so many kinds of animals?” In more recent decades, a somber subquestion has been added: How many species are dying every year (e.g., Wilson, 1992)?

Deuterocanonical and Apocryphal Books

2021 ◽  
pp. 383-402
Author(s):  
Alison G. Salvesen
Keyword(s):  
Early Church ◽  
Greek Text ◽  
Christian Tradition ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Fixed Group ◽  
Rabbinic Judaism ◽  
Original Language ◽  
Religious Books ◽  
Lower Status

The terms ‘deuterocanonical’ (a later, Catholic, term) or ‘apocryphal’ (used by early Church writers) are popularly used to refer to religious books from the Judeo-Christian tradition perceived as having a lower status than those books regarded as normative for doctrine. Both ‘deuterocanonical’ and ‘apocryphal’ imply the recognition of a contrasting fixed group of authoritative scriptural works, with which the ‘deuterocanonical’ and ‘apocryphal’ books are associated. This chapter focuses on books transmitted in early Greek Christian pandect Bibles and associated with the LXX corpus, but whose status was debated within Christian circles and largely unrecognized by rabbinic Judaism. It explores the original language, date, Greek text form, and witnesses to those complete books most commonly listed in modern times as deuterocanonical, along with some semi-independent works including the Letter of Jeremiah, the Prayer of Manasseh, and Psalm 151. (The additions to Esther, Daniel, and Jeremiah are covered in Chapters 18, 20, and 22 in this volume, on Jeremiah, Daniel, and the Megillot respectively.)

Languages in Space and Time

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Patriarca ◽  
Els Heinsalu ◽  
Jean Leó Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Space And Time

On Space and Time

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Connes ◽  
Michael Heller ◽  
Roger Penrose ◽  
John Polkinghorne ◽  
Andrew Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Space And Time
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