A Neurocognitive Analysis of Idiosyncratic Semantic Borrowings in the Discourse of Bilingual Romanian Immigrants in Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-74
Author(s):  
Paul Buzilă
Keyword(s):  
Network Theory ◽  
Network Modeling ◽  
Spreading Activation ◽  
Linguistic Processing ◽  
Oral Production ◽  
Romanian Immigrants ◽  
Additional Explanation ◽  
Relational Network ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Hybrid Forms

A Neurocognitive Analysis of Idiosyncratic Semantic Borrowings in the Discourse of Bilingual Romanian Immigrants in Spain. In this paper we look at the semantic borrowings that spontaneously emerge in the oral discourse of bilingual Romanian immigrants who live in Spain, and we analyze them from a neurocognitive perspective. Also known as Relational Network Theory, this approach conceives language as an interconnected relational network composed of nodes and lines. Linguistic processing is a result of spreading activation through the network. We use this approach to explore the mechanisms underlying the oral production of semantic borrowings selected from corpora of Romanian spoken in Spain, and we model them, using the NeuroLab tool, in relational network terms. The network modeling shows that these hybrid forms emerge naturally from the properties of the system and can be explained in terms of shared parts of either phonological or semantic subnetworks involved in the production of analogous forms. It also delivers additional explanation to the proliferation of mixed meaning and sound induced semantic borrowings in the form of a higher pressure for rewiring coming from two different parts of the system.

A Relational Approach to Lexical Borrowings in the Discourse of Romanian Bilingual Immigrants in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-32
Author(s):  
Paul Buzilă ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Network Theory ◽  
Linguistic Processing ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Relational Approach ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Linguistic Interference ◽  
Romanian Immigrants ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Relational Network ◽  
Hybrid Forms

A Relational Approach to Lexical Borrowings in the Discourse of Romanian Bilingual Immigrants in Spain. This paper is a neurocognitive analysis of idiosyncratic lexical borrowings recorded in the discourse of bilingual Romanian immigrants living in Spain. The neurocognitive approach, also known as Relational Network Theory (RNT), conceives language as an interconnected relational network composed of nodes and lines, part of and connected to the general cognitive system. Linguistic processing is a result of spreading activation through the network and of interaction of the system with other biological systems. The model elegantly describes real and inferred linguistic behaviors, both well-formed and erroneous. We use this approach to explore the underlying mechanisms that trigger the emergence of linguistic interference in the discourse of bilingual speakers. We focus on several lexical borrowings selected from corpora of Romanian spoken in Spain, and we model them, using the NeuroLab tool, in relational network terms. The network modeling of these hybrid forms pinpoints new ways of understanding the differences between adapted and non-adapted, and between necessary and luxury borrowings. We conclude that the RNT model is well suited for explaining bilingual processing and, arguably, one of the few models that can account for the hybrid forms emerging in the discourse of bilingual speakers. Keywords: Relational Network Theory, lexical borrowing, Romanian, Spanish, Rumañol, neurocognitive linguistics.

A Weighted Network Modeling Approach for Analyzing Product Competition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxin Cui ◽  
Faez Ahmed ◽  
Zhenghui Sha ◽  
Lijun Wang ◽  
Yan Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Theory ◽  
Network Modeling ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Exponential Random Graph Models ◽  
Graph Models ◽  
Random Graph Models ◽  
Exponential Random Graph ◽  
The Social ◽  
Product Competition

Abstract Statistical network models allow us to study the co-evolution between the products and the social aspects of a market system, by modeling these components and their interactions as graphs. In this paper, we study competition between different car models using network theory, with a focus on how product attributes (like fuel economy and price) affect which cars are considered together and which cars are finally bought by customers. Unlike past work, where most systems have been studied with the assumption that relationships between competitors are binary (i.e., whether a relationship exists or not), we allow relationships to take strengths (i.e., how strong a relationship is). Specifically, we use valued Exponential Random Graph Models and show that our approach provides a significant improvement over the baselines in predicting product co-considerations as well as in the validation of market share. This is also the first attempt to study aggregated purchase preference and car competition using valued directed networks.

The English auxiliaries: A relational network description

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Reich
Keyword(s):  
Network Theory ◽  
Phrase Structure ◽  
Transformational Theory ◽  
Good Test ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Context Free ◽  
Relational Network

This is the second of two papers comparing relational network theory with transformational theory. In Reich 1970b we defined some basic nodes and compared relational network theory with a subset of transformational theory which is commonly acknowledged to be linguistically inadequate. In this paper we shall review the types of problems which context-free phrase-structure grammars cannot adequately handle. We shall then show that each of these problems occurs in that portion of English grammar which is concerned with the English auxiliaries; thus a good test of any proposed grammatical theory is whether or not it can be used to describe a grammar of the auxiliaries in an acceptable way. Finally, we shall describe in detail a relational network grammar of the auxiliaries and attempt to demonstrate that relational network theory passes this test.

scholarly journals Moving forward: challenges and directions for psychopathological network theory and methodology

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiko I Fried ◽  
Angélique Odette Joanne Cramer
Keyword(s):  
Network Theory ◽  
Network Modeling ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
The Past ◽  
Causal Nature ◽  
Analytic Models ◽  
Constituent Elements

Since the introduction of mental disorders as networks of causally interacting symptoms, this novel framework has received considerable attention. The past years have resulted in over 40 scientific publications and numerous conference symposia and workshops. Now is an excellent moment to take stock of the network approach: what are its most fundamental challenges, and what are potential ways forward in addressing them? After a brief conceptual introduction, we first discuss challenges to network theory: (1) What is the validity of the network approach beyond some commonly investigated disorders such as major depression? (2) How do we best define psychopathological networks and their constituent elements? (3) And how can we gain a better understanding of the causal nature and real-life underpinnings of associations among symptoms? Next, after a short technical introduction to network modeling, we discuss challenges to network methodology: (4) Heterogeneity of samples studied with network analytic models; and (5) a lurking replicability crisis in this strongly data-driven and exploratory field. Addressing these challenges may propel the network approach from its adolescence into adulthood, and promises advances in understanding psychopathology both at the nomothetic and idiographic level.

scholarly journals Moving Forward: Challenges and Directions for Psychopathological Network Theory and Methodology

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 999-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiko I. Fried ◽  
Angélique O. J. Cramer
Keyword(s):  
Network Theory ◽  
Network Modeling ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
The Past ◽  
Causal Nature ◽  
Analytic Models ◽  
Constituent Elements

Since the introduction of mental disorders as networks of causally interacting symptoms, this novel framework has received considerable attention. The past years have resulted in over 40 scientific publications and numerous conference symposia and workshops. Now is an excellent moment to take stock of the network approach: What are its most fundamental challenges, and what are potential ways forward in addressing them? After a brief conceptual introduction, we first discuss challenges to network theory: (1) What is the validity of the network approach beyond some commonly investigated disorders such as major depression? (2) How do we best define psychopathological networks and their constituent elements? And (3) how can we gain a better understanding of the causal nature and real-life underpinnings of associations among symptoms? Next, after a short technical introduction to network modeling, we discuss challenges to network methodology: (4) heterogeneity of samples studied with network analytic models, and (5) a lurking replicability crisis in this strongly data-driven and exploratory field. Addressing these challenges may propel the network approach from its adolescence into adulthood and promises advances in understanding psychopathology both at the nomothetic and idiographic level.

scholarly journals COORDENAÇÃO EM SISTEMAS AGROALIMENTARES: UM LEVANTAMENTO BIBLIOMÉTRICO ENTRE 2009 E 2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Amanda Ferreira Guimarães ◽  
Elisa Mirales ◽  
Rejane Heloise dos Santos ◽  
Sandra Mara de Alencar Schiavi
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Main Approach ◽  
Cost Measurement ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Conventional Systems ◽  
Hybrid Forms

RESUMOAo se tratar de sistemas agroalimentares da pecuária de corte, coexistem sistemas convencionais e diferenciados, envolvendo uma multiplicidade de definições. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do presente artigo foi realizar um levantamento da produção de conhecimento acerca do tema “Coordenação de Sistemas Agroalimentares” nos últimos sete anos, de modo a fornecer contribuições para a compreensão contextualizada da produção e fundamentar a agenda de pesquisas futuras sobre o tema. Realizou-se um levantamento bibliométrico seguido de análise descritiva e analítica. Os resultados apontam para a predominância de estudos com foco em sistemas convencionais, porém, apresenta oportunidades para estudos em sistemas diferenciados. A carne bovina e a pecuária de corte estão entre os objetos mais pesquisados, sendo a principal abordagem a pesquisa qualitativa por meio de estudos de casos. Sobre o tema, estudos internacionais se concentram mais em pesquisas quantitativas quando comparados ao Brasil, mostrando maior interesse nessa abordagem. As principais teorias utilizadas são a Teoria dos Custos de Transação, a Teoria dos Custos de Mensuração e a Teoria de Redes, bem como seus respectivos autores. Os principais objetivos dos estudos estão associados à compreensão dos diversos mecanismos de coordenação, envolvendo confiança, formas híbridas, inovação. Verificou-se que a coexistência de dois subsistemas, ao se tratar de sistemas agroalimentares, e a diversidade de caminhos para estudo do tema se constituem como indicativos para estudos que possam contribuir para o avanço das pesquisas sobre sistemas agroalimentares.Palavras-chave: Estudo bibliométrico. Sistemas Agroalimentares. Coordenação. ABSTRACTWhen dealing with agrifood systems of beef cattle, conventional and differentiated systems coexist, involving a multiplicity of definitions. This article aims to conduct a survey of the production of knowledge on the theme “Coordination of Agrifood Systems” in the last seven years., in order to provide contributions to the contextualized understanding of production and to base the agenda for future research on theme. A bibliometric survey was performed followed by descriptive and analytical analysis. The results point to the predominance of studies focusing on conventional systems, however, presents opportunities for studies in differentiated systems. Beef and beef cattle are among the most researched objects, being the main approach to qualitative research through case studies. On the subject, international studies focus more on quantitative research when compared to Brazil, showing greater interest in this approach. The main theories used are the Transaction Cost, Measurement Cost and the Network Theory, as well as their respective authors. The main objectives are associated with the understanding of the various coordination mechanisms, involving trust, hybrid forms, innovation It was found that the coexistence of two agri-food, and the diversity of ways to study the theme, are indicative for studies that can contribute to the advancement of research on agri-food systems.Keywords: Bibliometric study. Agrifood systems. Coordination.

scholarly journals Mapping the North: Ethnicities, Territories and the Networks of Archaeology

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-178
Author(s):  
Carl-Gösta Ojala
Keyword(s):  
Network Theory ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
History Writing ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Fennoscandia ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Relational Network

The Saami, the indigenous population of northern Fennoscandia, have constantly been conceptualized as the others in relation to the (pre-)history writing of the modern nation-states. Here, the discussion focuses on Saami archaeology and representations of Saami prehistory in Sweden. It is emphasized that all ethnic, national and territorial concepts are embedded in networks of power, and that the connections and separations behind the concepts need to be explored. In this article a relational network approach is suggested as an alternative to dualistic thinking about ethnicities and territories. Ethnicity is here seen as one set of relationships, interwoven into many networks stretching over time and space. The network approach is in part inspired by actor-network theory, which is briefly described together with some possible points of interest for archaeological studies.

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