scholarly journals Conception and development of inductive reasoning and mathematical induction in the context of written argumentations

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
Tugba UYGUN-ERYURT
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Mathematical Reasoning ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Mathematical Induction ◽  
Teacher Education Programs ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Proof Construction ◽  
Reasoning Strategy ◽  
Multiple Case

Abstract: Nowadays, mathematical reasoning and making proof have taken importance for all students from the grade level of elementary education to university. More specifically, mathematical induction (MI) is a kind of proof and reasoning strategy taking place nearly all grade levels. Moreover, teachers are important factors affecting student learning and they can acquire necessary knowledge and skills developmentally in their teacher education programs. This paper makes contributions to domain of research by investigating the development of PMT’s conception of MI in the context of written argumentations encouraging MI. In other words, the purpose of this multiple case study is to explore how PMT’s conception of mathematical induction develop through their written argumentations. These cases show that there exist improvements in PMT’s written argumentations, conception of MI and proof construction activities related to MI. In other words, the more organized and structured they produced written argumentation, the more successfully they use and make mathematical induction.

scholarly journals From Caterpillars to Butterflies: Exploring Pre-service Teachers’ Transformations While Navigating Global Citizenship Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Lourenço
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Citizenship Education ◽  
Global Citizenship ◽  
Teacher Education Program ◽  
Teacher Education Programs ◽  
Global Citizenship Education ◽  
Development Data ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Academic Year

Global citizenship education (GCE), which aims to empower learners to become proactive contributors to a more sustainable world, has recently emerged as one of the educational priorities of the 21st century. However, according to recent research, GCE is not yet embedded in teachers’ practice in a systematic manner, remaining an optional choice for willing and able teachers. Within this framework, this paper reports on a multiple case study conducted with a group of pre-service teachers (PSTs) in Portugal who were introduced to GCE in the third and final year of an undergraduate degree in Elementary Education. The study aimed to understand whether, how and to what extent the teacher education program contributed to PSTs’ professional development. Data consisted of individual reflections written by the PSTs throughout an academic year. These were analyzed thematically using grounded theory to formulate an original framework inspired by the butterfly’s metamorphosis. Results show that the experience with GCE was positive in developing PSTs’ professional knowledge and in helping them (re)construct their “becoming” teacher identities, albeit to different degrees. Implications of the results for teacher education programs are discussed.

scholarly journals Seaports during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Terminal Operators’ Tactical Responses to Disruptions in Maritime Supply Chains

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4339
Author(s):  
Marta Mańkowska ◽  
Michał Pluciński ◽  
Izabela Kotowska ◽  
Ludmiła Filina-Dawidowicz
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Main Function ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Tactical Decisions

The world-wide crisis caused by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a significant impact on the global economy functioning and the sustainable development of supply chains. The changes also affected seaports being the key links of maritime supply chains. The purpose of the research study described in this article was to identify the sources and kinds of disruptions observed in various maritime supply chains as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on the operations of various types of seaport terminals, namely those serving bulk (universal, specialised) and general cargoes (universal, specialised). An additional purpose was to identify the dependencies between the type of terminal and its main function, and the tactical decisions adopted by the particular terminals. The research was carried out using the multiple-case study method. The study covered some selected port terminals functioning in Polish seaports (Gdańsk, Szczecin, Świnoujście), applying direct, semi-structured in-depth interviews. The analysis of the results was carried out using the inductive reasoning method. The research study has shown that as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic some maritime supply chains ceased to exist, some of them were operating with decreased cargo volumes, while in other cases the transshipment volumes actually rose during the pandemic. Among terminal operators’ tactical responses to disruptions in maritime supply chains, there were pro-active and adaptive measures. Pro-active (offensive) measures included actions taken by an enterprise in order to engage in new maritime supply chains, and even participating in establishing new maritime chains in response to limitations caused by the pandemic. Adaptive (defensive) measures covered actions taken by the port terminals as a consequence of changes in the existing maritime supply chains, caused by the pandemic in the port’s foreland or hinterland. The research study results revealed that the terminals extent of engagement and tactical decisions related to the pandemic were depended on the type of terminal (universal or specialised) and its main function played within a supply chain.

scholarly journals Post Occupancy Evaluation of School Refurbishment Projects: Multiple Case Study in the UK

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Hamad Ahmed ◽  
David J. Edwards ◽  
Joseph H. K. Lai ◽  
Chris Roberts ◽  
Caleb Debrah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Client Satisfaction ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Post Occupancy Evaluation ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Building Project

Buildings inevitably deteriorate with time. Schools buildings are no exception and require refurbishment at times. Despite the UK Government announcing the £1 billion funding for rebuilding 50 schools over 10 years starting 2010–2021, it is common practice for builders and designers to, upon completion of a building project, move on to the next development without considering how the completed building performs. This research undertakes a post occupancy evaluation (POE) of three schools in the West Midlands, UK with specific focus on building services, viz., heating, lighting, and air conditioning and ventilation. The research adopted a mixed philosophical approach of interpretivism and post-positivism to conduct inductive reasoning. A questionnaire that collected both quantitative and qualitative primary data was distributed to the end-users of the schools. Data was analysed using the Cronbach’s alpha, one sample t-test and Kruskal–Wallis test to identify any differences between the questionnaire responses. Findings revealed that building users demanded greater control of the internal environment thus contradicting the current trend for automated ‘intelligent systems’ approaches. This research represents the first work to consider the contractor’s perspective towards developing a better understanding of client satisfaction with the school buildings. Moreover, the POE result represents a notable pragmatic advancement to knowledge that will influence the contractor’s knowledge and understanding of client satisfaction, and where to improve upon these.

From the Frontlines: A Qualitative Study of Staff Experiences With Clinical Event Debriefing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan M. Galligan ◽  
Mary Haggerty ◽  
Heather A. Wolfe ◽  
Dawn Debrocco ◽  
Katherine Kellom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Clinical Event ◽  
Frontline Staff ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Participant Engagement ◽  
Practice Recommendations ◽  
Staff Experiences

OBJECTIVES Clinical event debriefing (CED) can improve patient care and outcomes, but little is known about CED across inpatient settings, and participant experiences have not been well described. In this qualitative study, we sought to characterize and compare staff experiences with CED in 2 hospital units, with a goal of generating recommendations for a hospital-wide debriefing program. METHODS We conducted 32 semistructured interviews with clinical staff who attended a CED in the previous week. We explored experiences with CED, with a focus on barriers and facilitators. We used content analysis with constant comparative coding to understand priorities identified by participants. We used inductive reasoning to develop a set of CED practice recommendations to match participant priorities. RESULTS Three primary themes emerged related to CED barriers and facilitators. (1) Factors affecting attendance: most respondents voiced a need for frontline staff inclusion in CED, but they also cited competing clinical duties and scheduling conflicts as barriers. (2) Factors affecting participant engagement: respondents described factors that influence participant engagement in reflective discussion. They described that the CED leader must cultivate a psychologically safe environment in which participants feel empowered to speak up, free from judgment. (3) Factors affecting learning and systems improvement: respondents emphasized that the CED group should generate a plan for improvement with accountable stakeholders. Collectively, these priorities propose several recommendations for CED practice, including frontline staff inclusion. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we propose recommendations for CED that are derived from first-hand participant experiences. Future study will explore implementation of CED practice recommendations.

scholarly journals Discrete Mathematics into K-11 and K-12 Grade Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (05) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Mr. Balaji. N ◽  
◽  
Dr. Karthik Pai B H ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Set Theory ◽  
Mathematical Reasoning ◽  
Mathematical Induction ◽  
Discrete Mathematics ◽  
College Classrooms ◽  
Underlying Principle ◽  
Education Study ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
Proof Techniques ◽  
K 12

Discrete mathematics is one of the significant part of K-11 and K-12 grade college classrooms. In this contribution, we discuss the usefulness of basic elementary, some of the intermediate discrete mathematics for K-11 and K-12 grade colleges. Then we formulate the targets and objectives of this education study. We introduced the discrete mathematics topics such as set theory and their representation, relations, functions, mathematical induction and proof techniques, counting and its underlying principle, probability and its theory and mathematical reasoning. Core of this contribution is proof techniques, counting and mathematical reasoning. Since all these three concepts of discrete mathematics is strongly connected and creates greater impact on students. Moreover, it is potentially useful in their life also out of the college study. We explain the importance, applications in computer science and the comments regarding introduction of such topics in discrete mathematics. Last part of this article provides the theoretical knowledge and practical usability will strengthen the made them understand easily.

Developing Digital Literacy

2017 ◽  
pp. 670-685
Author(s):  
Carolyn Haviland Obel-Omia
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Teacher Preparation ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Teacher Candidates ◽  
Teacher Education Programs ◽  
Literacy Teachers ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Reading And Writing

Teacher education programs are increasingly responsible for preparing teachers who use technology fluently across curricula. Future teachers must define literacy more broadly than they have in the past to include digital modes of reading and writing. Experience with digital tools in literacy methodology courses provides opportunities for teacher candidates to reflect critically on these tools, preparing teachers to use technology to its advantage in elementary school classrooms. This chapter describes four digital practices designed to engage teacher candidates in participating in and reflecting on authentic reading and writing to develop next-generation literacy teachers. These practices include examples of activities that can be adapted to both teacher preparation and elementary education classrooms.

A Study on the Relationship Between Preservice STEM Teachers’ Beliefs About Migrant Students and Teachers’ Roles in Chinese Urban Schools

2020 ◽  
pp. 001312452092767
Author(s):  
Jingying Wang ◽  
Mingyue Yang
Keyword(s):  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
After School ◽  
Migrant Students ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Teachers Beliefs ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Development Orientation

The survival and development of migrant students in urban areas were always the focus of all sectors of society. Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) subjects are most likely to cause learning difficulties for migrant students, and the beliefs of STEM teachers about migrant students and their role closely affect classroom teaching and after-school support and tutoring. This study focuses on 268 STEM-oriented preservice teachers majoring in elementary education in a normal university in Beijing, China. A questionnaire investigation has been conducted on their beliefs about migrant students’ and teachers’ role in urban elementary schools with metaphor method. The results show that there are significant differences among all the preservice STEM teachers at grade levels, and most of them hold the reality of development and the possibility of development beliefs about migrant students, and the facilitating orientation beliefs about teachers’ role as well. Grade factors are influenced by their curriculum, and beliefs about migrant students show an excessive trend from existence orientation to development orientation with the increasing grade levels. There is a significant correlation between beliefs about migrant students’ and teachers’ role, and preservice teachers with the reality of development beliefs about students are more inclined to the facilitating orientation beliefs about teachers’ role.

Factors Affecting Efficiency of Inductive Reasoning

1942 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Long ◽  
Livingston Welch
Keyword(s):  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Factors Affecting
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