The Unemployed with Jobs and without Jobs

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.24148/wp2021-17 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 01-24

Author(s):

Robert E. Hall ◽

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Marianna Kudlyak ◽

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...

Keyword(s):

Financial Crisis ◽

Large Volume ◽

Spike Potential ◽

The Unemployed

Potential workers are classified as unemployed if they seek work but are not working. The unemployed population contains two groups---those with jobs and those without jobs. Those with jobs are on furlough or temporary layoff. This group expanded tremendously in April 2020. They wait out periods of non-work with the understanding that their jobs still exist and that they will be recalled. We show that the resulting temporary-layoff unemployment dissipates quickly following a spike. Potential workers without jobs constitute what we call jobless unemployment. Shocks that elevate jobless unemployment have much more persistent effects. Historical major adverse shocks, such as the financial crisis in 2008, created mostly jobless unemployment and consequently caused extended periods of elevated unemployment. The pandemic of 2020 created a large volume of temporary-layoff unemployment, mostly starting in April. It was mostly dissipated by the end of 2020. It also created a bulge in jobless unemployment.

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Testing thresholds: social assistance, France, 2007–08

The Moral Economy of Activation ◽

10.1332/policypress/9781447349969.003.0006 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 119-142

Author(s):

Magnus Paulsen Hansen

Keyword(s):

Financial Crisis ◽

Social Assistance ◽

Reform Process ◽

Time Work ◽

Part Time ◽

The Unemployed ◽

Part Time Work

Chapter 6 presents the reform process of the RSA (‘Income of active solidarity’) in replacing the existing French system for the uninsured unemployed which had been in place since 1988. The reform process was launched at the end of 2007 and adopted at the end of 2008 once the financial crisis started to reach across the Atlantic. RSA entailed a negative tax scheme to increase incentives for recipients to take low-paid part-time work, while also introducing a number of instruments and obligations with the aim of increasing the mobility of the unemployed. The result was a displacement of the compromise of the previous scheme and a radical requalification of the relation between poverty and work.

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Unemployment as a liminoid phenomenon: Identity trajectories in times of crisis

Human Relations ◽

10.1177/0018726717737824 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 71 (9) ◽

pp. 1153-1178 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Maria Daskalaki ◽

Maria Simosi

Keyword(s):

Financial Crisis ◽

Career Paths ◽

Professional Identities ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Employment Opportunities ◽

Economic Stagnation ◽

Neoliberal Restructuring ◽

The Unemployed ◽

Future Work

This article explores the formation of work identities in times of financial crisis and extreme austerity. In particular, we build upon prior studies of liminality, a state of in-betweenness and ambiguity, and explore how individuals, whose employment opportunities and career paths have been disrupted, construct their work/professional identities. The study draws on 39 semi-structured interviews conducted in Greece, where high levels of unemployment and economic stagnation prevail. Persistent crisis and austerity have prompted extended periods of instability and unpredictability during which the unemployed narratively (re)construct their past, present and future work selves. We propose that frequent job changes and persistent lack of work are not linear experiences but, instead, require multiple and, at times, ambiguous, fluid and incomplete identifications. These identifications include attempts to re-affirm prior stable professional identities, to institute new, yet still unidentified, careers or to enact what we term ‘liminoid identity positions’. When in liminoid positions, instead of pursuing intangible work futures, the unemployed create anti-structural spaces in which they collectively practice alternative forms of work and organization. Concluding, the article provides grounds for the study of individuals’ capacity to challenge the neoliberal restructuring of work and the possibilities for transformation in periods of unemployment and crisis.

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Evaluating company bankruptcies using causal forests

Revista Contabilidade & Finanças ◽

10.1590/1808-057x202010360 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (84) ◽

pp. 542-559

Author(s):

Wanderson Rocha Bittencourt ◽

Pedro H. M. Albuquerque

Keyword(s):

Discriminant Analysis ◽

Financial Crisis ◽

Capital Structure ◽

Large Volume ◽

Financial Crises ◽

Functional Form ◽

Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽

Bankruptcy Prediction ◽

Prediction Modeling ◽

Related Data

ABSTRACT This study sought to analyze the variables that can influence company bankruptcy. For several years, the main studies on bankruptcy reported on the conventional methodologies with the aim of predicting it. In their analyses, the use of accounting variables was massively predominant. However, when applying them, the accounting variables were considered as homogenous; that is, for the traditional models, it was assumed that in all companies the behavior of the indicators was similar, and the heterogeneity among them was ignored. The relevance of the financial crisis that occurred at the end of 2007 is also observed; it caused a major global financial collapse, which had different effects on a wide variety of sectors and companies. Within this context, research that aims to identify problems such as the heterogeneity among companies and analyze the diversities among them are gaining relevance, given that the sector-related characteristics of capital structure and size, among others, vary depending on the company. Based on this, new approaches applied to bankruptcy prediction modeling should consider the heterogeneity among companies, aiming to improve the models used even more. A causal tree and forest were used together with quarterly accounting and sector-related data on 1,247 companies, 66 of which were bankrupt, 44 going bankrupt after 2008 and 22 before. The results showed that there is unobserved heterogeneity when the company bankruptcy processes are analyzed, raising questions about the traditional models such as discriminant analysis and logit, among others. Consequently, with the large volume in terms of dimensions, it was observed that there may be a functional form capable of explaining company bankruptcy, but this is not linear. It is also highlighted that there are sectors that are more prone to financial crises, aggravating the bankruptcy process.

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Selected Abstracts of Recent Research in Stuttering

Perspectives on Fluency and Fluency Disorders ◽

10.1044/ffd9.1.5 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 5-6

Author(s):

Carrie Bain ◽

Nan Bernstein Ratner

Keyword(s):

Large Volume ◽

Clinical Relevance

Due to the large volume of fluency-related publications since the last column, we have chosen to highlight those articles of highest potential clinical relevance.

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