scholarly journals Inuit knowledge and observations of changes in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and implications for subsistence livelihoods in Ulukhaktok, Northwest Territories, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jessica Smart
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Individual

This thesis documents and examines recent changes observed in anadromous Arctic char (Iqalukpik) (Salvelinus alpinus) in Ulukhaktok, Northwest Territories, Canada, including how these changes are being experienced and responded to by community members. Ulukhaktomiut identified a need to document their knowledge and observations of Arctic char to help inform comanagement. The analysis of 20 semi-structured interviews with Ulukhaktomiut revealed six main concerns about Arctic char linked to changes arising in the local environment: (1) presence of salmon, (2) increasing temperature, (3) inconsistent sea and lake ice conditions, (4) changing weather patterns, (5) fluctuating water levels, and (6) the recent presence of tunicates in the ocean. Ulukhaktomiut respond to these changes at the individual and community levels, including altering fishing practices and temporarily halting commercial fishing. The results show that Ulukhaktomiut are astute observers of their local environment and are able to share highly detailed knowledge and observations of Arctic char. Environmental changes are emerging quickly, and there is a great deal of uncertainty among Ulukhaktomiut about why these changes are occurring and what impact they may have on Arctic char. Fisheries management structures will need to be flexible and responsive to ongoing local observations and the best available science to sustain a viable Arctic char fishery now and into the future.

Is boldness towards predators related to growth rate in naïve captive-reared Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus)?

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika VM Laakkonen ◽  
Heikki Hirvonen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Antipredator Behavior ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Individual Growth Rate ◽  
Slow Growing

Previous studies have shown that the antipredator responsiveness of fish degenerates through generations in captive breeding. However, detailed knowledge of the underlying mechanism is still largely lacking. We tested the hypothesis that hatchery fish supposedly selected for faster growth in the hatchery environment are bolder towards predators than their slower-growing conspecifics. This was examined by comparing the antipredator behavior of predator- naïve fast- and slow-growing individuals of a captive-bred Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) population to chemical cues from natural predators burbot (Lota lota) and pikeperch (Sander lucioperca). As behavioral responses depended on char body size, we compared boldness towards predators of size-matched fast- and slow-growing char. We found no differences in four behavioral antipredator traits between size-matched groups of fast- and slow-growing char. According to these results, boldness to predator cues is not related to individual growth rate in captive-bred Arctic char.

Q-band chromosomal polymorphisms in arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus)

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay A. Pleyte ◽  
Ruth B. Phillips ◽  
Sheila E. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
North American ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Chromosome Markers ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphisms ◽  
Chromosomal Bands

Stock-specific variation in the number and location of quinacrine-staining chromosomal bands was found in North American and European stocks of arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus). The mean number of bands per genome varied from 5.8 ± 5.3 in the Northwest Territories stock to 15.4 ± 2.1 in the Scottish stock. These bands appear to represent a subset of heterochromatin since they stain darkly with the C-band technique. Since the four stocks examined were each distinguishable on the basis of their Q-band patterns, these chromosome markers should be useful in genetic comparisons between different arctic char stocks and populations.Key words: Q banding, chromosomes, polymorphisms, arctic char, Salvelinus alpinus.

An Isolated Population of Arctic Char (Salvelinus alpinus) Inhabiting a Warm Mineral Spring Above a Waterfall at Cache Creek, Northwest Territories

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1408-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. McCart ◽  
H. Bain
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Isolated Population ◽  
Mineral Spring ◽  
Pyloric Caeca ◽  
Low Arctic ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

Cache Creek Spring provides an unusual overwintering habitat for a population of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) isolated above a falls impassable to fish moving upstream. During winter, water temperatures (14–16 C) and dissolved solid concentrations (approximately 2600 ppm) are high and oxygen concentrations (0.2–6.8 ppm) are low. Arctic char in the springs differ meristically from those downstream of the falls. The former have significantly more gillrakers (mean 21.7 compared with 21.1) and parr marks (15.1 and 13.5) but fewer pyloric caeca (26.0 and 28.2) and vertebrae (64.7 and 67.1) than the latter. Growth appears similar to that of char inhabiting more typical spring habitats.

PARASITES FROM NORTHERN CANADA: II. HAEMATOZOA OF FISHES

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshall Laird
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Esox Lucius ◽  
Salvelinus Namaycush ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Coregonus Clupeaformis ◽  
Type Host ◽  
Large Size ◽  
First Time

Parasites were present in thin blood films from only 6 of 188 fishes of 11 species, collected in the Northwest Territories and northern Quebec. The haemoflagellate, Cryptobia gurneyorum (Minchin), is recorded from North America for the first time—from the type host, Esox lucius L., and from two new ones, Coregonus clupeaformis (Mitchill) and Salvelinus namaycush (Walbaum). Haemogregarina irkalukpiki n.sp., characterized by its large size (av., 17.2 by 3.2 μ) and nucleophilic habit, is described from two sea-run arctic char, Salvelinus alpinus (L.).

scholarly journals Invisible contaminants and food security in former coal mined areas of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziela Dias Blanco ◽  
Rafael Barbizan Sühs ◽  
Escarlet Brizola ◽  
Patrícia Figueiredo Corrêa ◽  
Mari Lucia Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Abandoned Mines ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Restoration Strategies

Abstract Background Mining activities have environmental impacts due to sediment movement and contamination of areas, and also pose risks to people's food security. In Brazil, the major part of coal mining activities is done in the southern region, in the Santa Catarina Carboniferous region. In this region, former mined areas contaminated with heavy metals frequently occur nearby inhabited zones. Heavy metals are contaminants that does not have odor, color, or taste, and are therefore difficult to detect. We aimed to verify whether people use plants from contaminated mined areas, and to understand which factors influence plant use.Methods We did semi-structured interviews with residents from 14 areas nearby abandoned mines in the main municipalities of the Santa Catarina Carboniferous region.Results Out of the 196 interviewed residents, 127 (65%) reported collecting plants for medicinal and food use, directly from contaminated mined areas. Long-term residents, as well as those who noticed more environmental changes (positive and negative), cited more plants used, and had more detailed knowledge of plant use in their communities. When asked if they were aware of the possible contamination of mined areas, 85% said they knew about it. However, only 10% associated negative health effects with the use of plant species collected in contaminated mined areas.Conclusions Our study demonstrates that people living nearby contaminated areas use and consume plants, and also evidences a lack of information about contamination and a lack of participatory actions that include local communities in contaminated area restoration strategies. This situation poses a risk to the food security of the people living nearby former coal mined areas.

First confirmation of salmonid alphavirus infection in Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus and in Austria

2018 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
E Lewisch ◽  
T Frank ◽  
H Soliman ◽  
O Schachner ◽  
A Friedl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Alphavirus Infection

scholarly journals Investigating the morphological and genetic divergence of arctic char ( Salvelinus alpinus) populations in lakes of arctic Alaska

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Klobucar ◽  
Jessica A. Rick ◽  
Elizabeth G. Mandeville ◽  
Catherine E. Wagner ◽  
Phaedra Budy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Arctic Alaska
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