scholarly journals Distribution Grid Future Planning Under Uncertainty Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 499-504
Author(s):  
V. Samoylenko ◽  
◽  
A. Firsov ◽  
A. Pazderin ◽  
P. Ilyushin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Planning Under Uncertainty ◽  
Deterministic Approach ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
Parallel Circuit ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Range Of Values

The paper presents an approach for making decisions about the future development of a distribution grid under uncertainty conditions. The levels of a grid hosting capacity and adequacy are examined using probabilistic approach compared to the conventional deterministic fit-andforget approach. It is shown that the probabilistic approach according to the 99 % confidence probability saves significant costs in comparison with the deterministic approach. The probabilistic calculations prove the use of an equipment rated capacity downsized by 2 points of a typical IEC scale, and in some cases to refuse the construction of a parallel circuit. The main contribution of the paper is a method for choosing an effective rated voltage of a distribution grid in a probabilistic interpretation based on the conventional formulas of Still, Zalessky and Illarionov. The technique includes obtaining the probability of loads location at different distances from power supply centre and the probability of load power distribution in a given range of values. It is shown that the calculation using the developed method makes possible to prefer grid rated voltage at least 1 point downsized by IEC scale with sufficient savings due to the difference in the equipment price compared with the deterministic fit-and-forget approach.

Classical and Bayesian estimation of stress-strength reliability of a component having multiple states

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siju K C ◽  
Mahesh Kumar ◽  
Michael Beer
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Bayesian Estimation ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Power Generating Unit ◽  
Method Of Maximum Likelihood ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Reliability Computation ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
State Stress

PurposeThis article presents the multi-state stress-strength reliability computation of a component having three states namely, working, deteriorating and failed state.Design/methodology/approachThe probabilistic approach is used to obtain the reliability expression by considering the difference between the values of stress and strength of a component, say, for example, the stress (load) and strength of a power generating unit is in terms of megawatt. The range of values taken by the difference variable determines the various states of the component. The method of maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimation is used to obtain the estimators of the parameters and system reliability.FindingsThe maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimates of the reliability approach the actual reliability for increasing sample size.Originality/valueObtained a new expression for the multi-state stress-strength reliability of a component and the findings are positively supported by presenting the general trend of estimated values of reliability approaching the actual value of reliability.

scholarly journals Innovative Application of Model-Based Predictive Control for Low-Voltage Power Distribution Grids with Significant Distributed Generation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1773
Author(s):  
Nouha Dkhili ◽  
David Salas ◽  
Julien Eynard ◽  
Stéphane Thil ◽  
Stéphane Grieu
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Control ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Sliding Window ◽  
Problem Formulation ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Power Generators ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Distribution Grids

In past decades, the deployment of renewable-energy-based power generators, namely solar photovoltaic (PV) power generators, has been projected to cause a number of new difficulties in planning, monitoring, and control of power distribution grids. In this paper, a control scheme for flexible asset management is proposed with the aim of closing the gap between power supply and demand in a suburban low-voltage power distribution grid with significant penetration of solar PV power generation while respecting the different systems’ operational constraints, in addition to the voltage constraints prescribed by the French distribution grid operator (ENEDIS). The premise of the proposed strategy is the use of a model-based predictive control (MPC) scheme. The flexible assets used in the case study are a biogas plant and a water tower. The mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) setting due to the water tower ON/OFF controller greatly increases the computational complexity of the optimisation problem. Thus, one of the contributions of the paper is a new formulation that solves the MINLP problem as a smooth continuous one without having recourse to relaxation. To determine the most adequate size for the proposed scheme’s sliding window, a sensitivity analysis is carried out. Then, results given by the scheme using the previously determined window size are analysed and compared to two reference strategies based on a relaxed problem formulation: a single optimisation yielding a weekly operation planning and a MPC scheme. The proposed problem formulation proves effective in terms of performance and maintenance of acceptable computational complexity. For the chosen sliding window, the control scheme drives the power supply/demand gap down from the initial one up to 38%.

scholarly journals Modeling, Simulation and Stability Analysis using MATLAB of A D-STATCOM Based on Mitigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-975
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Hybrid Device ◽  
Voltage Instability ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Modeling Simulation ◽  
Effective Use

This paper explores the implementation of a D-STATCOM integrated model for voltage (V) stability of a hybrid power supply that is connected to a low-power distribution grid. We are currently not in a position to make effective use of clean energy sources (ES). Work is ongoing to enhance content consistency and interconnection facilities. In this paper, the integrated D-STATCOM model has been used to minimize hybrid device voltage instability. A framework in MATLAB and Simulink was designed and evaluated under different conditions by using the Simpower Systems toolbox

scholarly journals Power supply network design: a case study driven approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Eireiner ◽  
S. Henzler ◽  
T. Missal ◽  
J. Berthold ◽  
D. Schmitt-Landsiedel
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Specific Design ◽  
Problem Reduction ◽  
Grid Optimization ◽  
On Chip

Abstract. A study, based on product related scenarios, on power supply integrity issues is conducted. The effectiveness of specific design parameters depends strongly on the expected loading of the power distribution grid. Therefore, the commonly used approach to only use an even current distribution can lead to non-optimal power grid designs. For power grid optimization, a problem reduction from quadratic to linear order is presented. Simulations in a System-on-Chip (SoC) environment show, that power supply integrity mainly depends on the placing of the cores within the SoC die.

A Measure of Economic Growth in East and in West Pakistan

1961 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
S. U. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Regional Planning ◽  
National Income ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
Correct Evaluation ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
National Planning ◽  
Income Data ◽  
Regional Basis ◽  
The Difference

It is sometimes said that "national planning will simply have no meaning if it completely ignores the economic disparities between the two wings and fails to evolve a sensible pattern of regional planning"2. The lack of much essential data on a regional basis, however, renders any precise estimate of the relative growth rates almost impossible. Data either are not available or are inadequate on such important variables as production, income, consumption and trade, so that even a correct evaluation of past development efforts is not possible. The implications of such a situation for future planning are not difficult to understand. In this article an attempt is made to estimate the absorption of specified commodities in East and West Pakistan separately3. This will indicate the pattern of consumption and also give a rough idea about the growth rate of the two wings. With this purpose in view, quantity indices of absorption are prepared for each wing separately, taking data on availability of goods and prices from the Institute's monograph on Inflation. The quantity indi¬ces, however, are not of course strictly comparable with national income estimates because of the difference in coverage of the two series. National income data include government, services, trade, etc., while the quantity indices cover only specified goods available for each region.

scholarly journals A New Mixed Functional-probabilistic Approach for Finite Element Accuracy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-813
Author(s):  
Joël Chaskalovic ◽  
Franck Assous
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Elements ◽  
Asymptotic Relation ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
High Order ◽  
Relative Accuracy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
New Perspective

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to provide a new perspective on finite element accuracy. Starting from a geometrical reading of the Bramble–Hilbert lemma, we recall the two probabilistic laws we got in previous works that estimate the relative accuracy, considered as a random variable, between two finite elements {P_{k}} and {P_{m}} ({k<m}). Then we analyze the asymptotic relation between these two probabilistic laws when the difference {m-k} goes to infinity. New insights which qualify the relative accuracy in the case of high order finite elements are also obtained.

scholarly journals Power Hardware-in-the-Loop: Response of Power Components in Real-Time Grid Simulation Environment

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Moiz Muhammad ◽  
Holger Behrends ◽  
Stefan Geißendörfer ◽  
Karsten von Maydell ◽  
Carsten Agert
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Compensation Strategy ◽  
Software Environment ◽  
The Real

With increasing changes in the contemporary energy system, it becomes essential to test the autonomous control strategies for distributed energy resources in a controlled environment to investigate power grid stability. Power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) concept is an efficient approach for such evaluations in which a virtually simulated power grid is interfaced to a real hardware device. This strongly coupled software-hardware system introduces obstacles that need attention for smooth operation of the laboratory setup to validate robust control algorithms for decentralized grids. This paper presents a novel methodology and its implementation to develop a test-bench for a real-time PHIL simulation of a typical power distribution grid to study the dynamic behavior of the real power components in connection with the simulated grid. The application of hybrid simulation in a single software environment is realized to model the power grid which obviates the need to simulate the complete grid with a lower discretized sample-time. As an outcome, an environment is established interconnecting the virtual model to the real-world devices. The inaccuracies linked to the power components are examined at length and consequently a suitable compensation strategy is devised to improve the performance of the hardware under test (HUT). Finally, the compensation strategy is also validated through a simulation scenario.

Influence of distributed power supply in distributed power distribution network

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xin Shen ◽  
Hongchun Shu ◽  
Min Cao ◽  
Nan Pan ◽  
Junbin Qian
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Power Supplies ◽  
Power Distribution Network ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Distributed Power

In distribution networks with distributed power supplies, distributed power supplies can also be used as backup power sources to support the grid. If a distribution network contains multiple distributed power sources, the distribution network becomes a complex power grid with multiple power supplies. When a short-circuit fault occurs at a certain point on the power distribution network, the size, direction and duration of the short-circuit current are no longer single due to the existence of distributed power, and will vary with the location and capacity of the distributed power supply system. The change, in turn, affects the current in the grid, resulting in the generation and propagation of additional current. This power grid of power electronics will cause problems such as excessive standard mis-operation, abnormal heating of the converter and component burnout, and communication system failure. It is of great and practical significance to study the influence of distributed power in distributed power distribution networks.

scholarly journals Architectural and functional classification of smart grid solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Friederike Wenderoth ◽  
Elisabeth Drayer ◽  
Robert Schmoll ◽  
Michael Niedermeier ◽  
Martin Braun
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Hierarchical Architecture ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Active System ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Power System Operation

Abstract Historically, the power distribution grid was a passive system with limited control capabilities. Due to its increasing digitalization, this paradigm has shifted: the passive architecture of the power system itself, which includes cables, lines, and transformers, is extended by a communication infrastructure to become an active distribution grid. This transformation to an active system results from control capabilities that combine the communication and the physical components of the grid. It aims at optimizing, securing, enhancing, or facilitating the power system operation. The combination of power system, communication, and control capabilities is also referred to as a “smart grid”. A multitude of different architectures exist to realize such integrated systems. They are often labeled with descriptive terms such as “distributed,” “decentralized,” “local,” or “central." However, the actual meaning of these terms varies considerably within the research community.This paper illustrates the conflicting uses of prominent classification terms for the description of smart grid architectures. One source of this inconsistency is that the development of such interconnected systems is not only in the hands of classic power engineering but requires input from neighboring research disciplines such as control theory and automation, information and telecommunication technology, and electronics. This impedes a clear classification of smart grid solutions. Furthermore, this paper proposes a set of well-defined operation architectures specialized for use in power systems. Based on these architectures, this paper defines clear classifiers for the assessment of smart grid solutions. This allows the structural classification and comparison between different smart grid solutions and promotes a mutual understanding between the research disciplines. This paper presents revised parts of Chapters 4.2 and 5.2 of the dissertation of Drayer (Resilient Operation of Distribution Grids with Distributed-Hierarchical Architecture. Energy Management and Power System Operation, vol. 6, 2018).

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