scholarly journals QUALITATIVE EVALUATION OF ENDOPARASITES OF FELINES SEMI DOMICILED IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF MARINGÁ, PARANÁ, BRAZIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Beatriz Pereira ◽  
Thalita Regina Petrillo ◽  
Antonio Mataresio Antonucci
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Periodic Monitoring ◽  
Parasitic Load ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

The occurrence of endoparasitoses in domestic animals has been reported routinely in the medical clinic of small animals, where wandering and domiciled cats are considered important reservoirs, evidencing the role of felines in the contamination of the environment by the infective forms of these parasites. Many animals are asymptomatic, but those with high parasitic load evidence clinical signs such as inappetence, anorexia, vomiting and diarrhea. The present study aimed to identify the different parasites found in faecal samples of semi - domed felines; for this, 45 fecal samples of cats were collected, regardless of age, sex or race, from different households in the municipality of Maringá, PR, Brazil. The collected samples were submitted to coproparasitological tests by means of the Willis & Mollay flotation method, carried out in the Veterinary Parasitology laboratory of the Veterinary Clinic of Uningá, Centro Universitário Ingá (UNINGÁ) between April and May 2017 The results obtained confirmed infestation by Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle & Manceaux, 1908), Cryptosporidium sp. (Tyzzer, 1907), Cystoisospora sp. (Frenkel,1977), Giardia sp. (Kunstler,1882), Strongyloides sp. (Bavay, 1876), Toxocara cati (Schrank, 1788), Ancylostoma tubaeforme (Zeder, 1800), Toxascaris leonina (Sprent,1959) and Dipylidium sp. (Leuckart, 1886). Therefore, the study emphasizes the periodic monitoring of coproparasitological examsin the clinical routine of small animal clinics in order to minimize enteric alterations and pharmacological resistance.

scholarly journals Potential Role of Hepatozoon canis in a Fatal Systemic Disease in a Puppy

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1193
Author(s):  
Andrea De Bonis ◽  
Mariasole Colombo ◽  
Rossella Terragni ◽  
Barbara Bacci ◽  
Simone Morelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Hepatozoon Canis ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
Imidocarb Dipropionate ◽  
Thoracolumbar Region

Canine hepatozoonosis caused by Hepatozoon canis is an emerging disease in Europe. Clinical pictures vary from subclinical to life-threatening and non-specific clinical signs are predominantly reported. A 2-month-old female puppy originating from Southern Italy was adopted and moved to Northern Italy. Then, the dog was brought to a local veterinary practice for gastrointestinal signs, migrating lameness and pruritic dermatitis, and then tested positive for Hepatozoon spp. gamonts at the blood smear. After treatment with imidocarb dipropionate and doxycycline, the dog showed an initial clinical improvement. However, gastrointestinal signs recurred, and diffuse superficial pyoderma appeared on the thoracolumbar region, along with fever, lethargy, and weight loss. Eight months from the first onset of clinical signs, the dog was referred to a veterinary clinic and subjected to complete blood count, urine and fecal analysis, along with abdominal ultrasonography, whole-body CT and gastroduodenal endoscopy. Skin biopsies and blood samples were subjected to a PCR-coupled sequencing protocol, which scored both positive for H. canis. Alterations were consistent with a pre-existing cholangiohepatitis and multiple acquired extrahepatic shunts secondary to portal hypertension. The dog was euthanatized due to a clinical worsening two months later. The potential role of H. canis in the systemic disease observed, clinic-pathological findings and epizootiological implications are discussed.

scholarly journals A field survey on parasites and antibodies against selected pathogens in owned dogs in Lilongwe, Malawi

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Alvåsen ◽  
Sandra M. Johansson ◽  
Johan Höglund ◽  
Richard Ssuna ◽  
Ulf Emanuelson
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
General Physical Examination ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Study Population ◽  
General Physical ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

The aim of this study was to screen for selected parasites and antibody levels against vectorborne pathogens in owned dogs in Lilongwe, Malawi. The study population consisted of 100 dogs; 80 participating in vaccination–spaying campaigns and 20 visiting a veterinary clinic as paying clients. All dogs went through a general physical examination including visual examination for signs of ectoparasites. A total of 100 blood samples were analysed using commercial snap tests and 40 faecal samples by egg flotation in saturated sodium chloride. The sampled dogs had a seroprevalence of 12% for Anaplasma spp., 22% for Ehrlichia spp., 4% for Dirofilaria immitis and 1% for Leishmania spp. Eggs from Ancylostoma spp. were found in 80% of the faecal samples, whereas eggs of Trichuris vulpis, Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina were only present in 3%, 8% and 13% of the samples, respectively. Ectoparasites such as Ctenocephalides sp., Trichodectes sp. and ticks were present on 98%, 25% and 11%, respectively, of the campaign dogs. Among client dogs, 35% had Ctenocephalides fleas, 10% had Trichodectes lice and none had ticks. Public education and prophylactic treatment could be used to improve the animal welfare of dogs; this would most likely also have positive impact on public health.

Role of cats in human toxocarosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 400-408
Author(s):  
Pablo David Jimenez Castro ◽  
Sarah GH Sapp
Keyword(s):  
Definitive Host ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Paratenic Hosts

Toxocara cati, the feline ascarid, is ubiquitous in domestic cats globally and is increasingly recognised as an important zoonotic species. In the definitive host, infections with the adult ascarid usually do not present any clinical signs; if clinical signs do appear, it is usually in kittens infected with T. cati, especially by the trans-mammary route. Diseases may include cachexia, a pot-bellied appearance, respiratory disorders, diarrhoea, vomiting, among other signs, and these may present as early as 3 weeks of age. However, infections with Toxocara spp. larvae in paratenic hosts (including humans and many other animals), can result in serious complications from the migration of larvae. Historically, there has been an assumption that Toxocara canis was the most likely cause of Toxocara spp.-related disease; while it is probably true that T. canis is responsible for the majority of infections, it is important that those caused by T. cati are accurately identified so that the contribution of this parasite to human disease can be established and then handled appropriately. Overall, the detection of infections in cats and the control of parasite stages in the environment are essential to minimise the infection risk to other animals or humans.

scholarly journals Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati and Toxascaris leonina in wild and domestic carnivores

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Okulewicz ◽  
A. Perec-Matysiak ◽  
K. Buńkowska ◽  
J. Hildebrand
Keyword(s):  
Paratenic Host ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Wild Canids ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Domestic Carnivores ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

AbstractAscarididae nematodes of genera Toxocara and Toxascaris are of significant epizootic relevance among predatory mammals from families Canidae and Felidae. Localization of these nematodes in the definitive hosts, their morphology, as well as the measurements of eggs and adult worms are similar. Recently, molecular techniques have provided alternative approaches for the identification of ascarid species. A common feature of the life cycles of these generally monoxenous nematodes is the significant participation of small rodents. In case of Toxocara spp., the rodent plays the role of paratenic host but optional intermediate host for T. leonina. Several studies indicate co-occurence of both T. canis and T. leonina in domestic and wild canids as well as T. cati and T. leonina in felids. Although the infections of humans with T. canis and T. cati are common worldwide, larvae of T. leonina has the potential to cause human disease as emerging zoonosis.

scholarly journals Clinical case of life-threatening co-infection due to Dirofilaria immitis and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in a cat: First report of feline heartworm disease in Bulgaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
A. S. Tonev ◽  
Z. Kirkova ◽  
P. T. Iliev ◽  
A. Roussenov ◽  
T. Chaprazov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus

SummaryThe present report describes the first clinically manifested and serologically proven case of Dirofilaria immitis infection in a cat in Bulgaria. A 10-year-old intact male cat was referred to the Small Animal Clinic, Trakia University with a history of anorexia, weight loss, intermittent coughing and itching skin lesions on the head and neck. Physical examination revealed abnormal heart sounds and respiration, cyanosis of the mucous membranes, and generalized enlargement of the lymph nodes. Mild infestation with hard ticks and fleas was also detected during the initial skin inspection. In addition, adult Otodectes cynotis mites were observed in the skin lesions. The fecal sample was positive for larvae of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and eggs of Toxocara cati. Blood serology revealed antigens of D. immitis as well as antibodies against both feline immunodeficiency virus and D. immitis. Thoracic radiographic findings included a pronounced generalized reticular interstitial pattern; alveolar and bronchial shades with multiple nodular thickenings throughout the lungs. Electrocardiography demonstrated a sinus tachycardia, a peaked P-wave (P-pulmonale) and an abnormally low ST-segment. The clinical signs disappeared after treatment with selamectin, doxycycline and corticosteroids. Despite the improvement in general health condition, the cat suddenly died several months later.

scholarly journals Clinical and Epidemiological Study on Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus Infection in Cats, Romania; Preliminary Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 428-431
Author(s):  
Roxana Mihaela Ciopașiu ◽  
Elena Florina Berbece ◽  
Mariana Ioniță ◽  
Ioan Liviu Mitrea
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Respiratory Pathology ◽  
Abdominal Breathing ◽  
Flotation Method

Abstract The lungworm Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (Nematoda: Angiostrongylidae) is a parasite of domestic and wild felids with worldwide distribution. The parasite lives in bronchioles and alveolar ducts, and its presence is associated with respiratory clinical signs. Cat lungworms are still considered by many clinicians sporadic and rarely are taken into account in the cat pathology. Therefore, in this paper we present a clinical and epidemiological study on cats with natural A. abstrusus infection. For this, 131 cats, with exclusive outdoor or outdoor and indoor access, of different gender (49 males, 82 females) and age (between 2 months and 11 years), from Southern and Center Romania, were included in the study. Of them, individual fresh faecal samples were collected and analyzed to identify first-stage larvae (L1) of lungworms, using a Baermann technique, and eggs/oocysts of other endoparasites, by a flotation method. Subsequently, of the examined samples, 6.10% (8/131) were positive for A. abstrusus. The positive cats aged between 3 months and 2 years. Of them, 3 cats were co-infected: two with Toxocara cati and one with Ancylostoma tubaeforme. Clinically, 75% (6/8) of the infected cats displayed respiratory signs varying from mild (sporadic coughing, sneezing) (n=3) to severe symptoms (mucopurulent nasal discharge, abdominal breathing) (n=3), while 25% (2/8) showed no respiratory signs. The three cats with severe respiratory disease were infected only with A.abstrusus. In conclusion, veterinary practitioners should include Aelurostrongylus infection in the differential diagnosis of catʼs respiratory pathology.

scholarly journals The prevalence of Trichomonas gallinae in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) in a Veterinary Clinic in Vienna between 2000–2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hochleithner ◽  
C Hochleithner
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Melopsittacus Undulatus ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
Trichomonas Gallinae ◽  
Pet Birds ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

The aim of this clinical retrospective study was to analyse the prevalence of Trichomonas gallinae in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). The role of T. gallinae in budgerigars as the cause of a typical clinical picture (young vomiting budgerigars) is clear; however, the frequency of latent and subclinical diseases in pet birds is unclear. Over the period of 20 years (2000–2019), 16 759 birds were examined, of which 5 256 (31.36%) belonged to the genus Melopsittacus (budgerigars). Within the 5 256 presented budgerigars, 2 547 (48.45%) were examined for trichomonads using a microscopic examination of a crop wash, and, of those, 978 birds (38.39%) were found to be positive for T. gallinae. Only 96 (9.8%) of the positive budgerigars showed typical signs of the disease, such as loss of appetite, vomiting, weight loss or anorexia. Unspecific clinical signs were seen in 312 (31.9%), while 570 birds (58.3%) did not show any clinical signs and had been presented for a routine check or other medical problems. Treatment using metronidazole (Anaerobex, Flagyl) was successful in 82–85% of these diseased birds. Trichomonads can be detected in over a third of budgerigars, even if less than 10% of the positive ones show clinical symptoms.

Prevalence of intestinal parasites in shelter dogs and cats in the metropolitan area of Barcelona (Spain)

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Gracenea ◽  
Maria Gómez ◽  
Jordi Torres
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Shelter Dogs ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Trichuris Vulpis ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

AbstractPrevalence of intestinal parasites in dogs and cats in Barcelona and surrounding areas was studied by analyzing 505 faecal samples of dogs and 50 of cats using a formol-ether diphasic method for helminths, a modified acid-fast technique for Cryptosporidium and other coccidian oocysts, and the Heindenhein technique for Giardia and Entamoeba trophozoites and cysts. Parasites were found in 26.9% of dogs and 34.0% of cats. Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium sp., coccidian oocysts and Entamoeba sp. were detected in both dogs and cats. Taenia sp., Dipylidium caninum, Ancylostoma caninum, Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Trichuris vulpis and Uncinaria sp. were also found in dogs but only Ancylostoma tubaeforme and Toxocara cati in cats. There was a significant relationship for G. duodenalis and Cryptosporidium sp. with seasonality and for G. duodenalis with geographical origin in dogs. Significant differences were also found for T. canis between stray and domestic dogs and for T. vulpis between males and females.

scholarly journals Retrospective longitudinal study on Canine and Feline Parvovirus Infections in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates

2021 ◽  
pp. 762
Author(s):  
Shamma Abdulla Al Eissaee ◽  
Khaja Mohteshamuddin ◽  
Zaib Mahel ◽  
Gobena Ameni
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
Al Ain ◽  
Epidemic Period ◽  
Feline Parvovirus ◽  
The Difference

Background: There is a lack of epidemiological data on parvovirus infections in cats and dogs in the Al Ain, United Arab Emirates (UAE). Objective: To conduct retrospective longitudinal study on parvovirus infections in cats and dogs treated at the Claws and Paws Veterinary Clinic in Al Ain, UAE. Methods: Data on clinical examination and laboratory tests were extracted in March 2020 retrospectively from case records of cats and dogs treated at Paws & Claws Veterinary Clinic in Al Ain between February 2019 to March 2020. Results: Of the total 2247 cases of small animals treated at Claws and Paws clinic for different health problems between February 2019 and March 2020, 68 were parvovirus infection cases constituting 3% (95% confidence interval, CI: 2.3%, 3.8%) of the total small animal cases treated at the Clinic during the indicated time. Seventy-two percent of the parvovirus cases were feline parvovirus (FPV) cases (feline panleukopenia) while the remaining 28% of the cases were canine parvovirus (CPV) cases. The difference in the proportions of  CPV and FPV was significant (c2 = 26.14; p<0.001). Overall, the number of cases was low during most months of the year; but increased in November and December 2019 reaching its peak in January 2020 after which it declined. Significant (Cochran’s Q test=141.54; p<0.001) difference was observed in the proportions of animals exhibited different clinical signs. Conclusion: This study indicated the endemicity of CPV and FPV infections in Al Ain. Additionally, increase in number of cases was observed between November January, suggesting seasonality of the epidemics requiring for vaccination prior to the epidemic period.

Role of cats in human toxocarosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Pablo David Jimenez Castro ◽  
Sarah GH Sapp
Keyword(s):  
Definitive Host ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Paratenic Hosts

Toxocara cati, the feline ascarid, is ubiquitous in domestic cats globally and is increasingly recognised as an important zoonotic species. In the definitive host, infections with the adult ascarid usually do not present any clinical signs; if clinical signs do appear, it is usually in kittens infected with T. cati, especially by the transmammary route. Diseases may include cachexia, a pot-bellied appearance, respiratory disorders, diarrhoea, vomiting, among other signs, and these may present as early as 3 weeks of age. However, infections with Toxocara spp. larvae in paratenic hosts (including humans and many other animals), can result in serious complications from the migration of larvae. Historically, there has been an assumption that Toxocara canis was the most likely cause of Toxocara spp.-related disease; while it is probably true that T. canis is responsible for the majority of infections, it is important that those caused by T. cati are accurately identified so that the contribution of this parasite to human disease can be established and then handled appropriately. Overall, the detection of infections in cats and the control of parasite stages in the environment are essential to minimise the infection risk to other animals or humans.

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