scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Waterpipe Smokers in Sulaimani City/ Kurdistan Region of Iraq

2018 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Bestun Ibrahim Hama Rahim ◽  
Abdulrahman M. Ibrahem ◽  
Niaz Mustafa Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Age Distribution ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Waterpipe Smoking ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Level Of Significance

Waterpipe smoking is a global phenomenon, particularly among youths and young adults. This practice is rising in the Middle East countries.  Waterpipe comprises many chemical toxins as cigarette smoke. Waterpipe smoking can cause several health problems. A descriptive case-series study was performed from 10th of October 2017 to 20th of December 2017 in eight waterpipe cafeterias in Sulaimani city. The current study involved 230 waterpipe smokers. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. P-value ≤0.05 was used to show a level of significance. The age range of the waterpipe smokers was 16-39 years with the mean age was 24.63 years.  The age distribution was a sharp peak in the age group of 21 to 25 years, over two fifths (40.9%) of the study subjects lay in this age group. The waterpipe smoking was higher in the individuals with high education level (52.2%). Regarding the participants’ occupations, the frequency of the waterpipe smoking was higher among self-employment. Over two-thirds of participants (68.7%) were unmarried. The main motives for waterpipe smoking were life pressures, pleasurable experience, and habit (31%, 27%, and 25% respectively). The majority of participants had a good knowledge about the negative health effects of waterpipe smoking. Approximately half of the participants (48.3%) possessed waterpipe at home, over two thirds (68.3%) of subjects preferred smoking waterpipe with their friends, half of the respondents (50.0%) preferred smoking waterpipe at the cafeteria. Likewise, over half of participants (51.3%) smoked waterpipe every day. The main reason for the intention to quit waterpipe was a health concern.

scholarly journals OBESE PRIMIGRAVID WOMEN;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (08) ◽  
pp. 1147-1151
Author(s):  
Raheela Rani Junejo ◽  
Rabail Rani Junejo ◽  
Raheel Sikandar ◽  
Shahla Baloch ◽  
Mehrunnisa Khaskheli
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
To Come

Objectives: To determine the frequency of macrosomia in obese primigravidwomen. Study Design: Case series study. Period: Six months. Setting: Department ofGynecology and Obstetrics Department Jamshoro. Patients and Methods: The inclusioncriteria of the study were primigravida women between age 18 to 35 years with singletonpregnancy and gestational duration of 37 to 42 weeks, and during labour with BMI 30 or >30kg/m2 and All booked women who were primigravid during antenatal visit try to come and BMIcalculated by weight in kg and height in meter square. The variables include post-delivery ifthe weight of baby is 4.5 kg is macrosomic and mode of the delivery. The data was analyzed inSPSS version 17, the frequency and percentage was calculated while the chi-square test wasapplied on categorical variables and the p-value ≤0.05 was considered as significant. Results:During six months study period total 203 pregnant obese ladies were observed for macrosomicbabies. Age group was analyzed which shows that in age group between 18-25 years were105(52.00%) women, in age group of 26-30 years were 62 (30.69%) women and age group of30 years and above were 35 (17.31%) women with mean age ± SD of ladies was 24.6 ±6.2years. Regarding modes of delivery shown 132 (65.02%) ladies had C-section and 71 (34.97%)ladies had vaginally delivery. Weight of the babies was assessed which shows 27 (13%) wereborn with less than 2.5 Kg, babies having weight between 2.6-3 Kg were 71 (35.3%) , babieswere having weight 3 kg to 4.5kg 38 (18.7%) and babies having more than 4.5kg which shows67 (33%). Neonatal complications observed were macrosomic babies 67 (33.1%). Frequencyof macrosomic babies was higher in women with BMI more than 3.5kg/m2 44(21.67%) andin women with BMI between 30 to 35kg/m2 25(12.31%). Conclusion: Obesity responsible forcomplications during pregnancy and delivery for both mother and babies. Fetal complicationsare macrosomia and these obese ladies should motivate for maintenance of weight.

scholarly journals Functional outcome of diaphyseal fractures of forearm in adolescents treated with TENS

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Divyanshu Goyal ◽  
S. L. Sharma ◽  
Laxmikant Meena ◽  
Ravindra Lamoria ◽  
Mahesh Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Forearm Fractures ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Superficial Infection ◽  
Fractures In Children ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Diaphyseal Fractures

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> A retrospective case series study was done on forearm diaphyseal fracture in adolescents treated with TENS (titanium elastic nailing system). Purpose of the study was analysis of functional outcome of TENS in forearm diaphyseal fractures in children between 12-18 year age group.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We retrospectively evaluated 30 patients operated by same senior surgeon during the period from March 2014 to February 2015 with closed diaphyseal forearm fractures in age group 12–18 years treated with TENS in whom closed reduction could not be achieved. Nail diameter taken as 33-40% of narrowest diameter of diaphysys were introduced proximally in ulna and distally in radius under image intensifier in closed manner. Postoperatively, patients encouraged for active shoulder, elbow and finger movements and suture removal done after 2 weeks. Patients were followed up for minimum period of one year.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In terms of union and range of motion using Anderson et al criteria 24 patients had excellent results, 4 patients had satisfactory results and one patient had poor result having non-union of ulna. Two patients had superficial infection at the nail entry site which eventually resolved. One patient lost for follow up.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We conclude that TENS in both bone forearm fractures in adolescent age group in terms of union and range of motion is a minimally invasive and effective method of fixation.</p>

scholarly journals Early and long-term complications following transanal pull through Soave technique in infants with Hirschsprung's diseaseric infants with Hirschsprung's disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoochehr Ghorbanpour ◽  
Mohammad Ali Seyfrabie ◽  
Babak Yousefi
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Hirschsprung's Disease ◽  
Hirschsprung’S Disease ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Case Series ◽  
P Value ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
The Mean

Objective. Patients undergoing Soave surgery for Hirschsprung's disease are at risk for some complications. The aim of this study was to investigate such short-term and long-term complications and evaluate the outcome of the operation in these patients. Methods. A case series study was carried out during the last 12 years, during 2007 to 2018 in Besat hospital of Hamadan. Data collection conducted using a checklist includes questions about demographic information, clinical features, and short-term and long-term complications, and consequences of post-operative surgery. The findings of the study were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 and appropriate statistical tests. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. A total of 55 children underwent Soave surgery during the last 12 years in Besat Hospital Hamadan, Iran. The mean age of the patients was 38±10 days during surgery, of which 56.4% were female. The mean hospital stay was 7.3 days. Also, the mean weight of children at birth was 2970±447 gr. Most of the patients were born as NVD (52.7%) and term (74.5%). The most common comorbidity was congenital heart disease. The most common short-term complication was intestinal obstruction in 14 patients (25.5%) and the most frequent long-term complication was intestinal obstruction and constipation (27.3% each cases). The mortality rate of patients in this study was 14.5% in total. Conclusions. One stage surgical procedure in Hirschsprung's disease is a safe and effective method, but care should be taken in choosing patients and patients should be monitored for possible complications, so that they can be considered and implemented for proper treatment.

scholarly journals Attitudes and decision-making processes of Midwakh smoking among adult males in UAE

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S233-S233
Author(s):  
Hamid Alhaj ◽  
Rahaf Abughosh ◽  
Batool Aldaher ◽  
Asma Elhewairis ◽  
Ahmed Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
P Value ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Decision Making Processes

AimsMidwakh, which involves smoking an Arabian tobacco blend typically mixed with herbs and spices, has recently become a major health concern due to a spreading popularity among adolescents and young adults in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It is known to contain a higher nicotine content than cigarettes, potentially increasing the risk of addiction, despite contrary popular belief among young smokers. Yet, little is known about attitudes and decision-making processes involving this emerging smoking behaviour. The aim of this study was to ascertain the knowledge, attitudes and practices of Midwakh use among adult males in the UAE.MethodA cross sectional study was conducted among male adults in Abu Dhabi, Dubai and Sharjah. A total of 500 participants completed self-administered validated questionnaires, which consisted of 30 questions that targeted the public's understanding, perception and use of Midwakh. Data were analysed using SPSS 23. Percentages and means were calculated for demographic data and Chi-Square was utilised to measure relations between categorical variables. Odds Ratio (OR) was used to estimate how strongly a predictor was associated to an outcome. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultThe prevalence of smoking Midwakh was 34.8% among the study sample. Males between ages 26 to 35 were found to be 4.48 times (95% CI: 1.59–12.66) more likely to be current Midwakh smokers than any other age groups (P = 0.01). Emiratis in the study were 5.92 times (95% CI: 2.83–12.35) more likely to smoke Midwakh than expats. 65% of respondents reported willingness to smoke Midwakh if it was offered to them. Adults with 3-4 close friends who smoke Midwakh were 6.8 times (95% CI: 2.08–22.41) more likely to smoke Midwakh themselves. Knowledge of being unsafe was cited in 62% of the participants as a cause of quitting Midwakh within two years.ConclusionOur results demonstrate a significant impact of peer pressure on the decision-making process of Midwakh smoking. The high prevalence among young male residents warrants a multi-agency public health approach to tackle the issue. Culturally sensitive campaigns raising awareness to the harmful effect of Midwakh including its addictiveness appear to be essential. Further research investigating the effects of a targeted Midwakh-smoking cessation approaches is warranted.

scholarly journals HEMORRHAGIC STROKE;

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (06) ◽  
pp. 1204-1208
Author(s):  
Faisal Shahab ◽  
Irfan Murtaza Shahwani ◽  
Shuaib Ansari ◽  
Syed Zulfiquar Ali Shah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Hypertensive Retinopathy ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Series Study

Objectives: To identify the frequency of risk factors in hemorrhagic stroke at Liaquat university of medical and health sciences. Patient and methods: This Descriptive case series study of six months was carried out in the department of medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences. Patients aged 20-70 years of age with hemorrhagic stroke on CT were enrolled in the study after taking consent from caretaker of patients. Detailed history focusing on hypertension, diabetes and smoking and their duration was taken. Blood pressure was recorded and fundoscopy was done to find out diabetic or hypertensive retinopathy. Thorough neurological examination and fasting / random blood glucose level was evaluated while the data was done was analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: A total of 100 patients were included in the study during study period. 61% of patients were in > 50 years of age group with mean age of 53.4±11 years. A total of 66 (66%) were male; with male to female ratio was 2:1. Hypertension was present in 63% of cases, Diabetes was found in 24% cases and 44 patients were cigarette smokers. Conclusions: It was concluded that high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and smoking are associated with hemorrhagic stroke.

scholarly journals Mean Changes in Sperm Count in Adult Males after Varicocelectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1895-1897
Author(s):  
Mohib Ullah ◽  
Ibrahim Ahmed ◽  
Sana Ullah ◽  
Sami ur Rehman ◽  
Asif Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Venous Drainage ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ischemic Damage ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Background: Varicocele, a bilateral vascular condition in which hypoxia can induce ischemic damage to both testes due to hydrostatic pressures in the venous drainage system, is a prominent cause of male infertility with a complex pathogenesis. varicocele make up 35% of primary infertility and 81% of secondary fertility. Methodology: A quasi-experimental study was conducted from January 2018 to September 2018 at urology department of Nawaz Sharif Kidney Hospital and Saidu Group of Teaching Hospitals, Swat. Sample size was 261. The study included all males between the ages of 20 and 60 who had clinically evident varicocele. Result: Results of our study P-value for pre-operative and post-operative sperm count was 0.00001 so statistically significant. According to the age distribution, 93 patients were in the age group 20-30 (35.63%), 70 patients in age group 31-40 years (27.01%), 60 patients aged 41-50 (22.98%), 38 patients aged 51 to 60 (14.26) %) are shown in Table 2. All cases had varicocele on the left side. Conclusion: After inguinal varicocelectomy, sperm count increases in adult patients with clinically palpable varicocele. Keywords: Adult male, Sperm count, Varicocele, Varicocelectomy.

scholarly journals Gender- and age-related differences in misuse of face masks in COVID-19 prevention in central European cities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Eckl ◽  
Stefan Hansch
Keyword(s):  
Age Distribution ◽  
Binomial Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Central European ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

1ABSTRACTObjectiveCorrect use of face masks is required for their efficacy in preventing possible droplet infections with SARS-CoV-2. We tried to provide information about differences in the distribution of gender and age groups wearing face masks incorrectly.DesignPilot field studyMethodsVisual observation of mask use in public, not age- and gender-related places in central European large cities regarding incorrect mask-wearing (n=523); statistical analysis (nominal scale) in terms of gender and estimated age group using the total numbers, binomial test and chi-square test.ResultsThere is no significant difference (binomial test: p-value = 0.43) in mask misuse between the genders (female: 271 (51.8%), male: 252 (48.2%) and 0 non-binary individuals (0%)). There is a significant difference (chi-square test: p-value < 2.2e-16) in age group distribution (170 young 10-29 years (32.5%), 261 middle-aged 30-59 years (49.9%), 92 older adults ≥ 60 years (17.6%)). In total numbers, the highest counts were observed in middle-aged persons with 261 counts (49.9%).ConclusionOur study shows an uneven age-distribution of people wearing the face mask in public improperly.

Vector Analysis of Anticipated Residual Astigmatism and Actual Residual Astigmatism in Toric IOL Implantation using Callisto-Eye

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Kukuh Prasetyo ◽  
Ucok Pasaribu ◽  
Setiyobudi Riyanto ◽  
Johan Hutauruk
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Vector Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Toric Iol ◽  
Iol Implantation ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Refraction Vector

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the differences of actual residual astigmatism and anticipated residual astigmatism using Alpin’s Vector Analysis from toric IOL implantation using Image Guided System (Callisto EyeTM) and other method. Method: This was a retrospective case series study done in Jakarta Eyte Center. Data was taken consecutively from medical records of Toric IOL implantation from January 2016 to November 2017. Primary data taken were demographic data, anticipated residual astigmatism, refractive examination both subyectively and objectively. Secondary data was analized using Alpin’s Vector Analysis to substract anticipated residual astigmatism from actrual residual astigmatism. Spherical equivalent and axis shifting also taken from refractive ecamination results. Data was divided into subgrup of Toric IOL implantation using Image Guided System and subgrup of Toric IOL implantation using other method. Results: There was a statically significant difference of subjective refraction vector analysis result between subgroups with differnce of 0.312 dioptri (p value 0.004). Objective refraction vector analysis shows no statistically difference between two subgrups (p value 0.286). Spherical equivalent both subjectively and objectively not differ (p value 0.721 and 0,689). Axis shifting from refractive examination also not statistically significant differ between two subgrups (p value 0.432 and 0.358) Conclusion: Difference between actual residual astigmatism from subjective refraction and anticipated residual astigmatism is lower whrn usingCallisto EyeTM.

Frequency of High Neutrophil and Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) Among NSTEMI/USA patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2031-2034
Author(s):  
Afaq Shamim ◽  
Aijaz Zeeshan Khan Chachar ◽  
Miqdad Haider ◽  
Mohsin Asif ◽  
Sajjad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Chronic Stable Angina ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Total Leucocyte Count ◽  
P Value ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
St Elevation

Background: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is comparatively a new prognostic marker used in patients with chronic stable angina (CSA). NLR can help in predicting short and long term moralities in NSTEMI patients. Aim: To evaluate the frequency of high neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio among NSTEMI/USA patients and to compare frequency of mortality in patients of NSTEMI/USA having high NLR with those without high NLR. Study design& duration: Descriptive, case series study from 25th November 2020 to 24th May 2021. Study settings: Department of Medicine and Cardiology, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore. Methods: 185 patients having non ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and/or unstable angina (UA) having 30 to 70 years age and both males and females were included. Patients with sepsis having total Leucocyte count (TLC>11,000/<4000), history of surgery or on steroids in the past three months, history of hematological malignancy, late for fibrinolysis or those with contraindication to fibrinolysis were excluded were excluded. Demographic information (name, age, address, and education) was also noted. Results: Mean age of the participants was 57.99 ± 6.10 years while the age range was from 30 to 70 years. Most of patients 164 were included in the age group of 51 to 70 years. 110 (59.46%) patients were male and 75 (46.54%) of them were females. Frequency of neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio among NSTEMI/USA patients was found in 91 (49.19%) patients. My study has shown higher frequency of mortality in patients of NSTEMI/USA having high NLR 26 (28.57%) compared to normal NLR 06 (6.38%) with p value = 0.0001. Conclusion: Frequency of high neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio among NSTEMI/USA patients is very high with higher mortality in high Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio group as compared to low NLR group. Keywords: Myocardial infarction, Non ST elevation, Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio

IF NEEDED TO BE SURGICALLY INTERVENED UPON, IN THE PAEDIATRIC DIAPHYSEAL FRACTURES, WHICH IS THE BETTER AMONG THE AVAILABLE FIXATION DEVICES-A CASE SERIES CONSIDERATION.

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar.C ◽  
Vibishek Raj ◽  
Sathish Babu ◽  
Venkatachalam K ◽  
Danial Arun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plate Osteosynthesis ◽  
Excellent Result ◽  
Case Series ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dash Score ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Fixation Devices ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
Diaphyseal Fractures ◽  
Radiographic Grading

Humeral fractures, in the paediatric age group, have two peaks of incidence. It has a high incidence in babies below three years of age, and again also in children, above 10 years of age. The objective of our study, was to compare the most popular operative techniques for handling humeral diaphyseal fractures, in the paediatric age group, such as Plate Osteosynthesis (Locking Compression Plate), Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing System (ESIS), and the External Fixation devices (EF). This prospective study was conducted at Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CH&RI), Kelambakkam, from July 2017 to June 2020. A total of 15 patients were a part of this study, of which, 8 were males and 7 were females. The functional outcomes were assessed using the DASH, the Borberg and Morrey scoring system and the radiographic assessment was done using Stan's Radiographic Grading system, in all the three methods of treatment. The Follow up period was for a minimum of twelve months. The Broberg and Morrey Score points were 88.4 (74-95) for LCP, 80.67 for ESIS (70- 91) and 83.87 (80-87) for EF (p value>0.05). In the DASH score, the average was 19.2 in the LCP group, 21.17 and 21.10, respectively, in the ESIS and EF groups. Stan's Radiographic Grading showed Grade 2 to 3 fracture union status, in all the xation modalities of our study. The prudence of the surgeon, his surgical experience, the age of the patient, the geometry of the fracture and the nature of the humeral diaphyseal fracture, all needs to be carefully weighed, analyzed and on a case-to-case basis, the decision has to be taken, regarding which xation device is best suited for that very particular fracture. All the three modalities have been showcased to highlight their pros and cons, not with-standing the fact that, all the three modalities have faired superiorly in giving good to excellent result outcomes.

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