scholarly journals Finnish embryo transfer breeding program “ASMO” description of the goals and a summary of the results of initial selection

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 491-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esa A. Mäntysaari ◽  
Terhi Thuneberg-Selonen ◽  
Kaija Hyppänen ◽  
Jarmo Juga
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Test Scheme ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection

In 1990 the organizations responsible for Finnish dairy breeding established an open nucleus multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) breeding program called ASMO. The aim was, besides to test effectiveness of MOET, to improve the protein to fat ratio in milk produced by Finnish Ayrshires but without sacrificing the progress in protein yield. The relative weights of traits were such that equal importance was assigned to protein % and protein yield. Negative weight was assigned to fat % to ensure it remained unaltered. The MOET work continued until 1994 after which the performance of selected animals has been monitored. During the five years the scheme operated, 276 cows were flushed for embryos, and 2751 embryos were recovered, of which 1810 were transferable. More than 1600 embryos were transferred to recipients, and 813 calves were born. Eighty bull calves were sold for the artificial insemination test scheme. In December 1995 the first 125 ET daughters were evaluated with the national animal model program. Their mean estimated breeding values (EBVs) were +0.13 for protein % and -0.18 for fat % compared with the genetic base of progeny tested sires born in 1986-1988, and the protein yield EBVs were 12 kg above the genetic base. Despite the efficiency of selection, the program was discontinued in 1994. Due to the difficulty of maintaining sufficient control over donor animals, there were fewer than expected embryos per flush and also too few flushes per donor.

USE OF SIB TESTING AS A SUPPLEMENT TO PROGENY TESTING TO IMPROVE THE GENETIC MERIT OF COMMERCIAL SEMEN IN DAIRY CATTLE

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 985-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. SMITH ◽  
J. RUANE
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Genetic Trend ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Progeny Tests ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Current Selection

Groups of sibs, sisters to bulls being bred for progeny testing, can be produced by multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET). Sib tests are complete at 3 yr of age, and progeny tests when bulls are about 5.5–6 yr of age. The merit of commercial semen could be increased by using the bulls with the highest estimated breeding values from both the sib test group and the progeny test group rather than only from the latter. With current selection rates (20%) among progeny-tested bulls for commercial use, current genetic trend (0.1 SD units per year) in bulls and with the equivalent of 3–7 full sisters per bull, the relative genetic superiority of semen from the combined groups could be from 1.10 to 1.20 times that from the progeny-tested group alone. Key words: Embryo transfer, sib testing, progeny testing, commercial semen

Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer in Indian buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Misra ◽  
B.V. Joshi ◽  
P.L. Agrawala ◽  
R. Kasiraj ◽  
S. Sivaiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Multiple Ovulation

Combining clonal response and genetic response in dairy cattle improvement

1989 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Teepker ◽  
C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Genetic Response ◽  
Transfer Scheme ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Selection Systems ◽  
Fixed Set ◽  
Commercial Population ◽  
Generation Cycle ◽  
Genetic Responses

ABSTRACTRepeated cloning of bovine embryos by nuclear transfer, producing large clones of monozygous animals, may be possible in the future. Initially, clones could be tested and the best one selected and spread over the commercial population by embryo transfer. Further genetic improvement could be obtained by rebreeding a number of the best clones to produce a new set of clones. However, the testing and selection systems to pick the best clone (for short-term clonal response) and to pick clones with the best breeding values (for long-term genetic response) are different. The objective of this study was to derive a system which achieves both high clonal and high genetic responses. An adult MOET (multiple ovulation and embryo transfer) scheme with 40 breeding males and 40 breeding females per generation (cycle) was used to maintain adequate genetic variation for continued genetic response. For a fixed set of testing facilities and a given family structure initial clonal response is maximized by testing several members per clone. Long-term genetic response is usually greatest when testing one member per clone. Compromises to obtain both high clonal response and high genetic responses were from 95 to 100% efficient.

An improved model for the French genetic evaluation of dairy bulls on length of productive life of their daughters

2005 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Ducrocq
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Genetic Trend ◽  
Hazard Functions ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Dairy Bulls ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection

AbstractFunctional longevity of dairy cows has been routinely evaluated in France since 1997 using a survival analysis model. Recently, we proposed a genetic trend validation test that could be used before including national data in an international evaluation of bulls on longevity of their daughters. Its application to the French Holstein data revealed a large overestimation of the genetic trend. It was found that the bias is the result of a change in the baseline hazard rate over time. A new proportional hazards model is proposed which accounts for this change. In the new model, the baseline is described as a stratified, piecewise Weibull hazard function within lactation, i.e. a function of the number of days since the most recent calving. Stratification is within year and parity. Different Weibull hazard functions are used over four periods: 0 to 270 days, 271 to 380 days, 381 days to day when dried, dry period until the next calving. The non-genetic effects included in the model were slightly different from the previous one. In particular the interaction effects between the within herd-year class of production and lactation number × stage of lactation on the one hand and year-season were accounted for. The estimated genetic variance was smaller than with the old model. The new genetic trend is almost flat. An illustration of the efficiency of selection on the estimated breeding values for longevity is presented.

Determination of anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations in blood as a tool to select Holstein donor cows for embryo production: from the laboratory to the farm

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlène Rico ◽  
Laurence Drouilhet ◽  
Pascal Salvetti ◽  
Rozenn Dalbiès-Tran ◽  
Peggy Jarrier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Practical Information ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Donor Cows

High between-animal variability in the number of embryos produced by multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) and ovum pick-up and in vitro production (OPU–IVP) methods remains a major limit to the development of embryo biotechnologies in cattle. The measurement of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) endocrine concentrations in cows can help to predict their follicular and ovulatory responses to gonadotrophin treatment. The present study aimed to provide practical information for a simple prognostic method based on AMH measurement in Holstein cows. Accurate AMH concentrations could be measured with ELISA in blood or plasma. In cows undergoing repeated OPU protocols over 1 year, the AMH concentrations measured in plasma samples collected before each gonadotrophin treatment were found to be highly repeatable and were tightly correlated with follicular responses. From data obtained at both an experimental station and farm settings, it was possible to propose AMH cut-off values to identify low-responding cows. Gonadotrophin-stimulated cows producing fewer than 15 large follicles at oestrus and fewer than 10 embryos in MOET protocols could be discarded efficiently with plasma AMH concentrations below 87 and 74 pg mL–1, respectively. In conclusion, we propose a prognostic method based on a single AMH measurement to improve the results of embryo biotechnologies.

scholarly journals Survival of embryos after transfer within multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) programme

2017 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Begum Fatema Zohara ◽  
Azizunnesa ◽  
Md. Faruk Islam ◽  
Md. Golam Shahi Alam ◽  
Farida Yeasmin Bari
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Multiple Ovulation

scholarly journals Kegiatan Bisnis Layanan Pemeliharaan Ternak : Studi Kasus di Unit Breeding Services Elders Limited Australia (Animal Breeding Services Business Activity : Study Case in Breeding Services Unit at Elders Limited Australia)

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Dyah Maharani
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Animal Breeding ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Embryo Transfer Program ◽  
Study Case

<p>This paper describes the business activity of animal breeding services in livestock services company at Elders Limited Australia. Primary and secondary data in this paper were collected from Elders Limited Australia database and Elders staff interviewed. Data were analyzed in full descriptively. The study indicated that the business of breeding services can help the farmer especially breeder to improve the genetic performance of their cattle farm and help them to make the decision of breeding program. The product of Elders Breeding Services are semen sales, breed exact and next exact program (breeding program), Taylor Made Seedstock (embryo transfer program). The breeding services also help farmers to promote their product by using Elders Limited website. In Australia, the using breeding services are more effective and efficient than the farmers conducting their farm by their own program.</p><p>(Key words: Business activity, Breeding services, Elders Limited)<br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals 352 THE USE OF PLASMA ANTI-MÜLLERIAN HORMONE IN SHEEP AS AN ENDOCRINE MARKER OF THE OVARIAN RESPONSE TO FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE IN MULTIPLE-OVULATION EMBRYO TRANSFER PROGRAMS

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
B. Lahoz ◽  
J. L. Alabart ◽  
M. J. Cocero ◽  
D. Monniaux ◽  
S. Fabre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Highly Correlated

The performance of MOET (multiple-ovulation embryo transfer) programs in sheep is limited, mainly due to variable ovarian responses to FSH superovulation treatments. In several mammalian species, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has been demonstrated to be a good predictor of the ovarian follicle population able to respond to gonadotropins. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate its usefulness in ovine MOET programs. With this goal, two MOET trials involving 24 adult ewes in total were performed. Each ewe received a fluorogestone acetate sponge (Sincropart 30 mg, CEVA Animal Health SA, Barcelona, Spain) which was replaced by a new one after 6 days (T–4). Four days later (T0), the first FSH injection (Folltropin-V, Minitub Ibérica SL, Tarragona, Spain) of a superovulation treatment consisting in 280 IU of FSH administered in 8 decreasing doses was applied. Blood samples were taken at T–4 and T0 using lithium heparin tubes for AMH measurement. Ewes were inseminated 51 h after sponge removal. Eight days after sponge removal, ovulation rate was recorded and embryo recovery was carried out under general anaesthesia. After morphological evaluation, 2 embryos were transferred to each recipient previously synchronized. The plasma concentrations of AMH were determined using the AMH equine ELISA kit (AnshLab, Webster, TX, USA). The sensibility of the assay was 27.8 pg mL–1, and the intra-assay coefficient of variation was 4.8%. Relationships between the AMH concentration of each animal and the number of corpora lutea (CL), embryo recovered and lambs born per donor ewe were tested using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Normality of the variables was assessed by Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. The plasma AMH concentrations at T–4 were highly correlated with those at T0 (r = 0.95; P < 0.01), so both sampling times could be used indistinctly. The plasma AMH concentration at T0 was highly variable between animals, ranging from 0 to 309.1 pg mL–1 (mean ± s.e.m.: 98.4 ± 18.4 pg mL–1). Similarly, the number of CL ranged from 2 to 29 (12.2 ± 1.5), recovered embryos from 0 to 17 (7.6 ± 1.2), and lambs born per donor and session from 0 to 13 (4.5 ± 0.9). The AMH concentration at the beginning of the FSH treatment (T0) was highly correlated with the total number of CL (r = 0.70; P < 0.01), but significance was not attained for AMH with the other variables. The number of CL was also correlated with the number of recovered embryos (r = 0.69; P < 0.01) and lambs born (r = 0.58; P < 0.01). In conclusion, AMH concentrations measured in blood plasma before the FSH treatment could be used to predict the number of CL per donor ewe, and so to improve the efficiency of MOET programs. Further studies are necessary to assess the individual repeatability of a given ewe from session to session as well as the relationship of AMH with other embryo-related variables.

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