scholarly journals Wood molasses as a preservative for high moisture barley: 3. Feeding value for growing cattle

1984 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-282
Author(s):  
Pekka Huhtanen
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
Daily Gain

In two experiments the feeding value for growing cattle of barley ensiled with wood molasses (55 % DM) was compared with dried barley (DB) and barley ensiled with AIV II solution (AIVB). Wood molasses was applied at levels of 8 (WMB8) or 16% (WMB16) of barley DM in Exp. 1 and 12 % (WMB12) of barley DM in Exp. 2. The AIV II solution was used at a level of 0.3 % v/w. In Exp. 1 DB and WMB8 were compared during period 1 and DB and WMB16 during period 2. AIVB and WMB12 were compared In Exp. 2. Experiment 1 was performed with 12 and Exp. 2 with 16 animals of Ayrshire and Friesian breed. The average ages of the animals at the beginning of the experiment were 126 and 100 days. The first period in Exp. 1 lasted 45 days and the second 53 days. Experiment 2 lasted 140 days. The feeding was based on barley, soybean meal and hay in Exp. 1 and on barley, rapeseed meal and grass silage in Exp. 2 and daily gain of 1200g/d was targeted. The average proportion of barley of total DM intake averaged 61 % during period 1 and 59 % during period 2 of Exp. 1 and 54 % in Exp. 2. The corresponding proportions of forage of DM intake were 27, 32 and 37 %. The average daily gains of 1107 and 1178g for DB and WMB8, 1182 and 1129 g for DB and WMB16 and 1248 and 1251 g for AIVB and WMB12 were not significantly different. Nor did the groups show any significant differences in feed conversion rate, carcass characteristics and rumen fermentation except the lower (P < 0.05) dressing percentage of the WMB16 group in Exp. 1. Plasma urea N was higher (P < 0.01) and cholesterol lower (P < 0.01) in the AIVB group than in the WMB12 group. Plasma concentrations of glucose, alanine aminotransferase, asparte aminotransferase and creatinine did not differ significantly in the different groups.

scholarly journals Dietary fermented rapeseed or/and soybean meal additives on performance and intestinal health of piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Czech ◽  
Eugeniusz Ryszard Grela ◽  
Martyna Kiesz
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess the effect of fermented dried soybean (FSBM) and/or fermented rapeseed meal (FRSM) in diets for weaned piglets on production results, nutrient digestibility, gastrointestinal tract histology, and the composition of the gut microbiota. Piglets in the control group received standard diets with soybean meal. Animals in all experimental groups received diets in which a portion of the soybean meal was replaced: in group FR—8% FRSM; in group FR/FS—6% FRSM and 2% FSBM; in group FS/FR—2% FRSM and 6% FSBM and in group FS—8% FSBM. The use of 8% FRSM or 6% FRSM and 2% FSBM in the piglet diets had a positive effect on average daily gains. Piglets from the FR and FR/FS groups had the highest feed conversion rate. Group FS/FR and FS piglets had significantly lower mortality and lower incidence of diarrhoea. Piglets fed a diet with the fermented components, in particular with 8% FRSM or 6% FRSM and 2% FSBM, exhibited a positive effect on the microbiological composition and histology of intestines, which resulted in improved nutrient digestibility coefficients (ATTD and AID).

scholarly journals 221 Optimizing sugar inclusion in high roughage diets for growing cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 129-129
Author(s):  
Allison VanDerWal ◽  
Josh Zeltwanger ◽  
Alfredo DiCostanzo
Keyword(s):  
Corn Silage ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Dietary Sugar ◽  
Red Angus ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
High Forage ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Corn Grain

Abstract Producers wishing to background cattle may not have access to grain in certain regions of the country or when grain price is high. Sugar sources may replace grain under these circumstances. The objective of this study was to determine optimum sugar concentration based on daily gain and feed conversion in high-forage diets fed to growing cattle. Ninety-two Angus crossbred (Ranch 1) steers (n = 60; 339 + 11 kg BW) and heifers (n = 32; 309 + 14 kg BW), and 89 Red Angus crossbred (Ranch 2) steers (338 + 16 kg BW) were randomly allocated (5 to 7 hd/pen) within ranch and sex to one of 15 pens in each of two (north or south side) locations within a deep bedded confinement feedlot. Target dietary treatments were designed to contain supplemental sugar inclusion of 0%, 3.5%, 7% or 10.5% (8, 7, 8 or 7 replicate pens in each treatment, respectively) using a molasses-based supplement containing 56.8% sugar and 7.4% urea. Diets were comprised (DM basis) of hay (12%), corn silage, dry distillers grains (14.5%), dry rolled corn and a liquid supplement (5%); corn grain and corn silage inclusion varied from 21% to 32% and from 29% to 36%, respectively, to accommodate supplemental sugar. This resulted in dietary sugar concentrations of 4.3%, 7.3%, 10.3% and 13.3% or 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9%, respectively, as supplemental sugar. As concentration of sugar increased, DMI increased linearly (P < 0.006) with no change in ADG (P = 0.22) resulting in linearly decreasing feed conversion efficiency (P = 0.032). Iterated ME concentration of supplemental sugar was similar to that of corn grain (P > 0.06). Given the appropriate conditions, sugar may replace dry rolled corn and corn silage in high roughage diets for growing cattle.

NUTRITIVE VALUE OF FORMALDEHYDE-TREATED RAPESEED MEAL FOR DAIRY CALVES

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. SHARMA ◽  
J. R. INGALLS ◽  
J. A. McKIRDY
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Daily Gain

Treatment of oilseed meals with formaldehyde (FA) and glutaraldehyde (GA) significantly (P < 0.01) reduced the solubility of protein in 0.02 N NaOH and the production of NH3 in the artificial rumen. Ten Holstein and Holstein × Brown Swiss calves of both sexes were fed two test rations containing either 26% untreated or formaldehyde-treated (5.6 g FA per 100 g protein) rapeseed meal (FA-treated RSM) for 14 weeks. Plasma urea nitrogen (N) and rumen NH3 levels were significantly (P < 0.01) lower in the FA-treated RSM calves compared with the control calves during the first 8 weeks of the growth trial. No significant difference (P > 0.05) in dry matter consumption, daily gain, or feed efficiency was observed. Total volatile fatty acids (VFA) (mmoles/100 ml) concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in rumen fluid from the control calves compared with those receiving treated RSM. Molar percentages of the VFA’s were not significantly different (P > 0.05) between the two groups. In the N balance and digestibility trial, dry matter consumption did not differ significantly (P > 0.05); however, the FA-treated RSM resulted in decreased (P < 0.05) dry matter and crude protein digestibility. Calves receiving the treated RSM had reduced (P < 0.01) urinary N excretion; however, there was no significant effect (P > 0.05) on N consumption and retention.

INFLUENCE OF HIGH-MOISTURE BARLEY ON THE PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF FEEDLOT CATTLE

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. KENNELLY ◽  
G. W. MATHISON ◽  
G. de BOER
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Daily Gain

Three factorial experiments were conducted to determine the relative feeding value of dry barley (DB) and high-moisture barley (HMB), and to evaluate the influence of method of ensiling (Pit vs. Harvestore® (HAV) silo), source of roughage (hay vs. silage), and level of concentrate (90 vs. 75%) on the performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. In exp. 1, 252 steers (initial wt 357 kg) were assigned on the basis of weight to six treatments (two pens × 21 animals per pen). A mixed diet consisting of 85.2% barley grain (dry matter (DM) basis) was offered free choice. The barley portion of the ration consisted of either 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% DB with the balance being HMB from a pit silo. The sixth treatment consisted of feeding 100% HMB for the first 57 d and 100% DB for the remainder of the trial. Overall average daily gain (ADG) for steers fed 100% DB (1.70 kg d−1) was significantly higher than observed for animals fed 100, 75 or 50% HMB (1.46, 1.49 and 1.56 kg d−1, respectively). The kg of feed DM required per kg gain (FC) varied between 5.76 and 7.13 and was not (P > 0.05) influenced by treatment. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed in carcass characteristics. In exp. 2, 360 steers (initial wt 340 kg) were allotted on the basis of weight to six treatments designed to evaluate the effect of source (Pit vs. HAV) and level of HMB, in diets containing 10.2% silage, on animal performance. Overall ADG (1.11 – 1.17 kg d−1), FC (6.66 – 7.01) and carcass characteristics were similar (P > 0.05) for animals fed Pit HMB, HAV HMB and DB. In exp. 3, 264 weanling calves (initial wt 216 kg) were allotted on the basis of weight to six treatments which differed in type of barley (HMB vs. DB), source of roughage (hay vs. silage) and level of concentrate (75 vs. 90%; DM basis). The feeding period was 127 d. Daily gains varied between 0.78 and 0.91 kg d−1 and FC ranged from 6.40 to 7.10 and were not influenced (P > 0.05) by source of barley or source or level of roughage. While animals fed DB had significantly higher ADG than those fed HMB in exp. 1, the overall results from the three experiments indicate that on a DM basis HMB has similar feeding value to DB, and that there is no major difference between Pit and HAV-stored HMB for feedlot cattle. Key words: High moisture, barley, cattle, gain, feed conversion

Temporal response of plasma metabolites to ractopamine treatment in the growing pig

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1683 ◽  
Author(s):  
FR Dunshea ◽  
RH King
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Treatment Withdrawal ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Protein Deposition ◽  
Growing Pig ◽  
Normal Increase ◽  
Daily Gain

Eight crossbred gilts (73 kg liveweight) were surgically prepared with indwelling venous catheters to examine the temporal pattern of circulating metabolites and hormones during dietary ractopamine (RAC, 0 or 20 mg kg-1) treatment for 24 days. Pigs were bled every 2 h for 24 h on days 1, 2, 8, 22 of treatment and again 5 days after withdrawal of RAC. Dietary RAC increased liveweight daily gain and decreased feed consumption : liveweight gain by 37 and 25%, respectively. There were no differences in growth performance between the two groups of pigs during the week after withdrawal of RAC. Dietary RAC had no acute or chronic effects upon plasma concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) or glucose. Likewise, plasma NEFA and glucose were not different during the withdrawal period. Plasma urea nitrogen began to decrease after 24 h of dietary RAC treatment, and remained lower than for the controls for the duration of RAC treatment. Withdrawal of RAC caused a marked increase (21%) in plasma urea nitrogen. Dietary RAC decreased plasma insulin and negated the normal increase with age in plasma IGF-I. These metabolic data are consistent with increased protein deposition with little change in fat deposition during dietary RAC treatment.

EFFECTS OF STEAM PELLETING DIETS CONTAINING TWO VARIETIES OF RAPESEED MEAL ON PIG PERFORMANCE

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. NARENDRAN ◽  
G. H. BOWMAN ◽  
S. J. SLINGER
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
G Ratio ◽  
Daily Gain

An experiment was conducted during the late fall and winter months with 96 Yorkshire barrows and gilts to study the effects on pig performance of feeding corn-soybean meal (SBM) and lysine-HCl (0.1%) supplemented corn-SBM-Tower rapeseed meal (RSM) and corn-SBM-Candle RSM diets, in the form of mash (corn was medium-ground) and steam pellets. Average daily gain (ADG), feed intake, efficiency of feed conversion (feed to gain ratio, F/G) and carcass backfat thickness were measured in pigs reared from 23 kg to 91 kg liveweight. The energy level in the RSM diets was not adjusted to equal that in the corn-SBM diet. Pigs fed Tower RSM had a lower (P < 0.01) feed intake and backfat thickness and pigs fed Candle RSM had a lower (P < 0.01) ADG and feed intake and higher (P < 0.01) F/G compared to the pigs fed SBM. The pigs fed corn-SBM-Tower RSM had a higher (P < 0.01) ADG and feed intake and lower (P < 0.01) F/G ratio than those fed Candle RSM diets. Steam pelleting of the corn-SBM and corn-SBM-RSM diets improved ADG, feed intake and F/G of the pigs, with the effects being greatest for the RSM diets.

COMPARATIVE VALUE OF SOYBEAN, RAPESEED, AND FORMALDEHYDE-TREATED RAPESEED MEALS IN UREA-CONTAINING CALF RATIONS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. SHARMA ◽  
J. R. INGALLS
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Molar Percent

Twenty-four Holstein calves were fed three experimental rations containing either 14% soybean meal, 20% rapeseed meal, or 20% formaldehyde-treated (0.7 g formaldehyde/100 g protein) rapeseed meal from 8 to 22 wk of age. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed in feed consumption, dry matter intake, liveweight gain, and feed conversion among the three groups. There was a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in rumen ammonia levels in calves receiving the treated rapeseed meal compared with the untreated rapeseed meal rations. Plasma urea levels and rumen fluid volatile fatty acids (mmol/100 ml and molar percent) did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) among treatments. There were no significant differences in the digestibilities of dry matter, nitrogen, acid detergent fiber, and gross energy among treatments, although treating the rapeseed meal with formaldehyde tended to reduce dry matter, nitrogen, fiber, and energy digestibility.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PROTEKSI CPO DENGAN FORMALDEHID TERHADAP KECERNAAN DAN PERFORMA DOMBA EKOR TIPIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafly Comilo Tiven ◽  
Lies Mira Yusiati ◽  
Rusman (Rusman) ◽  
Umar Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Basal Ration

<p>The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of CPO protected with formaldehyde on digestibility and performance of thin tail sheeps. Fifteen local male lambs aged 9-12 months, were divided into 3 groups of ration treatment. The first group received only the basal ration (R0), the second group received the basal ration and 3% CPO (R1), while the third group received the basal ration and 3% CPO protected with 2% formaldehyde (R2). The data were analyzed by Completely Randomized Design with oneway pattern. The different of treatments were tested by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test. The results showed that addition CPO protected with formaldehid (R2) in the sheeps diet did not affect dry matter and organic matter intake, dry matter and organic matter digestibility, average daily gain (ADG), but significantly (P&lt;0.01) increase feed conversion rate. It can be concluded that CPO protected with formaldehyde gives more advantage on feed conversion aspect.</p><p>(Key words: Thin tail sheeps, Crude palm oil (CPO) protected with formaldehyde, Digestibility, Performance)</p>

scholarly journals Methionine-balanced diets improve cattle performance in fattening young bulls fed high-forage diets through changes in nitrogen metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cantalapiedra-Hijar ◽  
I. Ortigues-Marty ◽  
B. Sepchat ◽  
E. Titgemeyer ◽  
L. Bahloul
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
High Forage ◽  
Protein Diets ◽  
Forage Diets

AbstractRuminants fed high-forage diets usually have a low feed efficiency, and their performances might be limited by methionine (Met) supply. However, the INRA feeding system for growing cattle does not give recommendation for this amino acid (AA). This study aimed to assess the effects of Met-balanced diets on animal performance and N metabolism in young bulls fed high-forage diets formulated at or above protein requirements. Four diets resulting from a factorial arrangement of two protein levels (Normal (13·5 % crude protein) v. High (16·2 % crude protein)) crossed with two Met concentrations (unbalanced (2·0 % of metabolisable protein) v. balanced (2·6 % of metabolisable protein)) were tested on thirty-four fattening Charolais bulls for 7 months before slaughter. Animal growth rate was greater in Met-balanced diets (+8 %; P = 0·02) with a trend for a greater impact in High v. Normal protein diets (P = 0·10). This trend was observed in lower plasma concentrations of branched-chain AA only when Met supplementation was applied to the Normal protein diet (P ≤ 0·06) suggesting another co-limiting AA at Normal protein level. Feed conversion efficiency and N use efficiency were unaffected by Met supplementation (P > 0·05). However, some plasma indicators suggested a better use of AA when High protein diets were balanced v. unbalanced in Met. The proportion of total adipose tissue in carcass increased (+5 percent units; P = 0·03), whereas that of muscle decreased on average 0·8 percent units (P = 0·05) in Met-balanced diets. Our results justify the integration of AA into dietary recommendations for growing cattle.

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