scholarly journals The effects of legume seeds on the lactation performance of dairy cows fed grass silage-based diets

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ramin ◽  
Annika Höjer ◽  
Mårten Hetta
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Legume Seeds ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Field Beans

The aim was to study if locally produced organic legume seeds as protein supplement could improve the performance of dairy cows. The experiment was a cyclic change over design were the control diet consisted of grass silage and barley (60:40) on a dry matter (DM) basis. Barley was replaced with rapeseed expeller (RSE), or isonitrogenous supplements of peas, untreated field beans (UFB), heat-treated FB (TFB) or a lower level of TFB (TFB-low) that provided the same dietary metabolizable protein concentrations as of UFB. None of the legume protein supplementations had effect on DM intake (DMI) neither on energy corrected milk yield compared to control. The RSE treatment increased milk (24.8 vs. 23.6 kg d-1) and protein yield (913 vs. 863 g d-1) compared to other protein supplements. Heat-treated FB had no effect on DMI, milk or protein yield compared to UFB. Only RSE resulted in improvements in dairy cows performance in relation to the control diet.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary energy allowance in grass silage-based diets during the dry period on production responses and utilization of body reserves in dairy cows

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomo Kokkonen ◽  
Siru Salin ◽  
Seija Jaakkola ◽  
Juhani Taponen ◽  
Kari Elo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Body Reserves ◽  
Condition Score

The aim was to study if overconsumption of grass silage during the far-off dry period (FODP) and decreasing feed allowance in close-up dry period (CUDP) affect body condition score (BCS) and body weight (BW) changes, as well as lactation performance and body tissue mobilization after calving in dairy cows. Control diet (CON) was fed to meet the metabolizable energy (ME) requirements, the test diet (HEI) averaged 144% and 119% of ME requirements in the FODP and CUDP, respectively. All cows were fed concentrates in the CUDP (30% of ME d-1). Plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were lower and insulin tended to be higher in HEI vs. CON prepartum. No dietary effects in accretion or mobilization of body reserves were observed, and accordingly no differences in silage DMI, ME balance and plasma parameters postpartum were detected. Concentrate DMI and milk yield tended to be lower in HEI vs. CON during early lactation.

Comparison of heat-treated rapeseed expeller and solvent-extracted soya-bean meal as protein supplements for dairy cows given grass silage-based diets

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.J. Shingfield ◽  
A. Vanhatalo ◽  
P. Huhtanen
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Soya Bean Meal

AbstractSixteen early to mid lactation Finnish Ayrshire dairy cows were used in a cyclic change-over experiment with four 21-day experimental periods and a 4 5 2 factorial arrangement of treatments to evaluate the effects of heat-treated rapeseed expeller and solvent-extracted soya-bean meal protein supplements on animal performance. Dietary treatments consisted of grass silage offered ad libitum supplemented with a fixed amount of a cereal based concentrate (10 kg/day on a fresh weight basis) containing 120, 150, 180 or 210 g crude protein (CP) per kg dry matter (DM). Concentrate CP content was manipulated by replacement of basal ingredients (g/kg) with either rapeseed expeller (R; 120, 240 and 360) or soya-bean meal (S; 80, 160 and 240). Increases in concentrate CP stimulated linear increases (P < 0·05) in silage intake (mean 22·5 and 23·8 g DM per g/kg increase in dietary CP content, for R and S, respectively) and milk production. Concentrate inclusion of rapeseed expeller elicited higher (P < 0·01) milk yield and milk protein output responses (mean 108 and 3·71 g/day per g/kg DM increase in dietary CP content) than soya-bean meal (corresponding values 62 and 2·57). Improvements in the apparent utilization of dietary nitrogen for milk protein synthesis (mean 0·282 and 0·274, for R and S, respectively) were associated with higher (P < 0·05) plasma concentrations of histidine, branched-chain, essential and total amino acids (35, 482, 902 and 2240 and 26, 410, 800 and 2119 µmol/l, respectively) and lower (P < 0·01) concentrations of urea (corresponding values 4·11 and 4·52 mmol/l). Heat-treated rapeseed expeller proved to be a more effective protein supplement than solvent-extracted soya-bean meal for cows offered grass silage-based diets.

scholarly journals  Effects of a rumen-protected form of methionine and a methionine analogue on the lactation performance of dairy cows

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 410-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Čermáková ◽  
V. Kudrna ◽  
J. Illek ◽  
K. Blažková ◽  
J. Haman
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Isopropyl Ester ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Beta Casein

The objective the present study was to determine the influence of a supplemental methionine analogue, the isopropyl ester of 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic acid, commercially available as MetaSmart<sup>TM</sup>, on lactation performance, particularly milk protein production. The effects of this preparation were compared with those of a rumen-protected form of methionine, marketed as Smartamine<sup>TM</sup> M. Experiments were conducted according to a 3 &times; 3 Latin square design and included 30 high-yielding dairy cows (22&nbsp;Holstein and 8 Czech Fleckvieh) randomly allocated to three balanced groups. Cows were fed a basal diet based on maize silage, lucerne silage, lucerne hay, fresh brewer&rsquo;s grains, and a concentrate mixture in the form of a total mixed ration ad libitum. The diet M was supplemented with MetaSmart<sup>TM</sup> (42.5 g/day) and diet S was supplemented with Smartamine<sup>TM</sup> M (19 g/day), while control diet C contained solvent-extracted soybean meal, which was added to achieve required levels of dietary protein. Each period lasted four weeks in total, including three preliminary weeks and one experimental week during which samples of milk and tail vein blood were taken. Supplementation of MetaSmart<sup>TM</sup> decreased dry matter intake of cows (18.96&nbsp;kg) in contrast to the diet containing Smartamine<sup>TM</sup> M, for which dry matter intake was the highest (20.48 kg; P&nbsp;&lt; 0.001). Despite decreased dry matter intake, the highest average milk yields were recorded for cows supplemented with MetaSmart<sup>TM </sup>(31.34 kg), which produced by approximately 1.14&nbsp;kg (P &lt; 0.001) and 0.78&nbsp;kg (P &lt; 0.01) more milk than cows fed diets C and S, respectively. As expressed by greater ratios milk/DMI, FCM/DMI, and ECM/DMI, the feed efficiency was improved in cows supplemented with MetaSmart<sup>TM</sup>.Both MetaSmart<sup>TM </sup>and Smartamine<sup>TM</sup> M dietary supplementation increased milk yield, milk protein concentrations, and yields and increased the prevalence of &beta;-casein fraction in milk protein. &nbsp;

scholarly journals A comparison of untreated and formaldehyde-treated barley distiller’s solubles and rapeseed meal as protein supplements in dairy cows given grass silage ad libitum

1991 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-463
Author(s):  
Pekka Huhtanen ◽  
Hannele Khalili ◽  
Matti Näsi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Ad Libitum

Twenty Friesian cows in four pens were arranged in a 4 x 4 Latin square experiment with 4 wk experimental periods to evaluate the effects on feed intake, milk yield and milk composition of treating barley dried distiller’s solubles (DDS) with a formaldehyde reagent, and to compare DDS with rapeseed meal as a protein supplement in dairy cows given a grass silage-based diet. The control diet (C) consisted of grass silage ad libitum fed with 8.5 kg/d of concentrate based on barley, oats and barley fibre (250, 250 and 500 g/kg dry matter (DM)). In three other diets 1.5 kg/d of the basal concentrate was replaced with rapeseed meal (RSM) treated for reduced ruminal degradability, 1.5 kg of untreated DDS (UDDS) or 1.5 kg of DDS treated with formaldehyde reagent at the level of 15 l/t (TDDS). On average, protein supplementation increased silage and total DM intake by approximately 0.5 kg/d (P>0.05). Milk yield (P

Supplementation of grazing dairy cows with a brewers grains/treated straw mixture

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 46-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Leaver ◽  
R.C. Campling
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Grazing Dairy Cows ◽  
Similar Cost ◽  
Friesian Cows

Supplementary feeding of grazing dairy cows is often uneconomic, and whilst supplementation with silage (buffer feeding) can be worthwhile, this often leads to a depletion of winter forage stores. In this study, a mixture of brewers grains and treated straw was used as a supplement. Offered as a 1:1 mixture in the dry matter (DM), it is a purchased substitute for grass silage, having a similar cost, and similar metabolisable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) contents. The high seasonality adjustments to milk price in mid-late season make supplementation potentially worthwhile.Experiments were carried out from April to September in 1988 and 1989, which had moderate and very low rainfall respectively. Each year 20 British Friesian cows which calved December to March (1988 experiment) and February-April (1989) were allocated at random to either treatment B or C. In B, the cows were offered a 1:1 mixture (DM basis) of brewers grains and NaOH treated chopped barley straw for 60 minutes after morning milking. In C, the cows received no supplement. Both groups were fed 1.0 kg/day of concentrates in the milking parlour. Due to the severe drought in 1989, concentrate feeding was increased to 5.0 kg/day for all cows during the last 4 weeks of the experiment. Also, urea-treated whole crop wheat was fed at a level of 2.5 kg DM/day during the last 7 days.

Acidogenicity of feeds for dairy cows. 2. Production responses

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 206-206
Author(s):  
R.J. Dewhurst ◽  
D. Wadhwa ◽  
L.P. Borgida ◽  
D.W.R. Davies ◽  
W.J. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cows

Falling prices for cereals and beneficial effects on milk protein concentrations may promote greater inclusions of rapidly fermented ingredients in dairy rations. There is, however, a limit to the inclusion of these feeds into dairy rations beyond which performance declines due to sub-acidosis and related disorders. The feed compounder will need to be able to set limits on levels of feeding concentrates according to these risks. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of feeds of different acidogenicity (Wadhwa et al., 1998) on lactation performance of dairy cows offered diets based on grass- or maize-silage.Twelve multiparous Holstein-Friesian cows in the third month of lactation were used for this experiment. The experimental design involved adaptation and covariance recording on a standard diet (grass silage and 10 kg concentrates per day), followed by three 21-day experimental periods arranged as four 3x3 Latin Squares. The Latin Squares were constrained to a single forage to avoid difficulties in changeovers between grass silage and maize silage.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Alkyl Polyglycoside Supplementation on Lactation Performance, Blood Parameters and Nutrient Digestibility in Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 549
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Zhang ◽  
Chunyu Jiang ◽  
Qinghua Gao ◽  
Duanqin Wu ◽  
Shaoxun Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Alkyl Polyglycoside

This study evaluated the effects of alkyl polyglycoside (APG), which is a non-ionic surfactant, on lactation performance, nutrient digestibility and blood metabolites in dairy cows. Twenty dairy cows were randomly divided into four groups and fed a basal diet that included pelleted concentrate, distillers grains, and fresh limpograss. The four treatments included 0, 5.5, 11 and 22 mL APG per kg of pelleted concentrate on a dry matter basis; treatments were defined as APG0, APG5.5, APG11, and APG22, respectively. Dry matter intake was not affected by APG supplementation. There was an increase in milk yield (from 13.96 to 16.71 kg/day) and increases in milk fat (quadratic, p = 0.04), protein (quadratic, p = 0.10), and lactose concentrations (linear, p = 0.07) with increasing APG supplementation. In addition, APG supplementation increased (p ≤ 0.03) the milk fat, protein, solid non-fat, and total solid yields, while the lactose yield increased (linear, p = 0.01) as the APG level increased. Dietary APG supplementation had no effect on nutrient digestibility and blood metabolites. It was concluded that the addition of APG at doses up to 22 mL/kg of pelleted concentrate had positive effects on the milk composition in dairy cows.

Effect of Metabolisable Protein on intake of grass silage and milk protein yield in dairy cows.

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 113-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Newbold ◽  
B.R. Cottrill ◽  
R.M. Mansbridge ◽  
J.S. Blake
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Few Data

Few data are available to evaluate the Metabolisable Protein (MP) System (AFRC, 1992) as an aid to ration formulation for dairy cows. Responses of lactating dairy cows to MP were evaluated in two experiments.In Experiment One, groups of 10 Holstein cows were offered grass silage ad libitum and 7kg DM/d of one of six (treatments 1-6) compound foods from 39d after calving, for eight weeks. All rations were isoenergetic, assuming silage intake of 11kg DM/d (typical for the herd). Ratios between MP supply (calculated from in situ protein degradability measurements) and requirement (calculated for a standard cow: 565kg live weight, 281 milk/d, 40g/kg butterfat, 33g/kg milk protein, liveweight change =0kg/d) were 1.00, 1.02, 1.06, 1.06, 1.1 and 1.17 for treatments 1-6, respectively.

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