scholarly journals Precision of commercial soil testing practice for phosphorus fertilizer recommendations in Finland

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. PELTOVUORI
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Soil Testing ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
Testing Practice ◽  
P Fertilizer

Implementation of the Agri-Environmental Program in 1995 has emphasized the role of advisory soil testing in phosphorus (P) input planning and markedly expanded the market for commercial soil testing in Finland. A small precision experiment (5 laboratories) and a simulation study on soil sampling were conducted to evaluate the current precision of the soil testing practice for P. The observed values of reproducibility (95% probability) of soil P determination were 42-61% of the mean P concentration for three soils. This approximately corresponds to a maximum error of one P class in a seven-step classification system. Soil texture and organic matter content are used as secondary variables in P fertilization planning. In commercial soil testing these are both determined by finger assessment and the results have significant errors in most laboratories. Erroneous texture determinations are more likely to lead to errors in P fertilizer recommendations than soil P analysis itself. In this study the largest deviation from a correct P fertilization recommendation was +10 kg ha-1. In soil sampling simulation, stratified random sampling in areas of differing texture gave the most consistent results with geostatistical analysis of the soil test data, as compared with random, systematic, and judgment sampling strategies.;

scholarly journals REKOMENDASI PEMUPUKAN FOSFOR (P) PADA PERTANAMAN JAGUNG BERDASARKAN STATUS P TANAH DI KECAMATAN KINALI, LUHAK NAN DUO DI KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yulinar Zubaidah
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Lower Content ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Fertilizer

A study of P – nutrient status (P – soil) in the maize production central in Kinali, Luhak Nan Duo in Pasaman, Sub Regency Pasaman Barat to find of the recommendation of phosphorous (P) fertilization. A study is conducted from October to December 2005. Method of research by crossed land area and took soil sampling with composite. Each soil sampling represented of land area research 50 – 80 ha with 0 – 20 cm dept for land area 7702,2 ha and 97 soil sample and then analyzed by Bray II methods. From 7702,2 ha of land area were survey founded P high content 5351,5 ha (69,4 %), P – with middle content 1487,5 ha (19,3 %) and P – lower content 863,2 ha (11,2 %). Based on soil P – status, P nutrient requirement to 90,250 and 500 kg SP 36 respectively and yield prospecting 4,5 ton/ha with 14 % water content equal to 8 ton dry grain seed at harvesting with water content 25%.Key Words: P-fertilizer, Fertilization Recommendation, Soil P-status

scholarly journals Spatial variability of soil phosphorus of a low productivity Brachiaria brizantha pasture

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edemar Joaquim Corazza ◽  
Michel Brossard ◽  
Takashi MuraokaI ◽  
Maurício Antonio Coelho Filho
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
P Application

Studies on soil phosphorus (P) of low productivity cultivated pastures in Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna) areas and surveys on other possible problems related to P are scarce. The spatial variability of soil phosphorus content of a Rhodic Ferralsol was studied in a low productivity pasture of Brachiaria brizantha (BB) grown for 10 years, without fertilizer application, in an experimental area at Planaltina (GO), Brazil. Soil samplings were performed on a regular grid of 10 by 10 meters, with 98 sampling points before (between tussocks and under tussocks) and after the establishment of the experiment (after fertilizing). On the same grid, forage plants were collected and separated into fractions for N and P content analyses. Soil available phosphate was determined by the resin method (Pr) and complemented by the 32P isotopic exchange kinetics analysis. Descriptive statistical and geostatistical analyses were utilized to describe the spatial variability. The Pr content on soil samples under tussocks presented mean and median values 45% larger than in soil samples taken between tussocks. The higher variation is probably related to the greater concentration of BB roots, soil organic matter content and soil P recycled through the plants tussocks. The spatial variability of Pr in this soil was high especially after fertilizer application. This variable did not present spatial dependence for the regular 10 m sampling. The generated knowledge on P variability of soils under low productivity cultivated pastures revealed problems related to the sampling methodology traditionally utilized and to P application.

Organic phosphorus speciation in Australian Red Chromosols: stoichiometric control

Soil Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda R. S. Moata ◽  
Ashlea L. Doolette ◽  
Ronald J. Smernik ◽  
Ann M. McNeill ◽  
Lynne M. Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
31P Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Forms ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil P

Organic phosphorus (P) plays an important role in the soil P cycle. It is present in various chemical forms, the relative amounts of which vary among soils, due to factors including climate, land use, and soil type. Few studies have investigated co-variation between P types or stoichiometric correlation with the key elemental components of organic matter– carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), both of which may influence P pool structure and dynamics in agricultural soils. In this study we determined the organic P speciation of twenty Australian Red Chromosols soils, a soil type widely used for cropping in Australia. Eight different chemical forms of P were quantified by 31P NMR spectroscopy, with a large majority (>90%) in all soils identified as orthophosphate and humic P. The strongest correlations (r2 = 0.77–0.85, P < 0.001) between P types were found among minor components: (i) between two inositol hexakisphosphate isomers (myo and scyllo) and (ii) between phospholipids and RNA (both detected as their alkaline hydrolysis products). Total soil C and N were correlated with phospholipid and RNA P, but not the most abundant P forms of orthophosphate and humic P. This suggests an influence of organic matter content on the organic P pool consisting of phospholipid and RNA, but not on inositol P or the largest organic P pool in these soils – humic P.

Manuring of potatoes on fen silt soils in Holland, Lincolnshire

1973 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Berryman ◽  
T. Batey ◽  
T. H. Caldwell ◽  
D. A. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Alluvial Deposits ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
P Fertilizer

SummaryThe fen silts bordering the Wash are among the most important soils for crop production in eastern England. Derived from marine alluvial deposits occurring naturally or as a result of reclamation, they form deep almost stoneless soils containing little coarse sand but much fine sand and silt.Seven textural classes, ranging from loamy fine sand to silty clay, can be distinguished, but these can be grouped into (1) light silts, typically deep very fine sandy loams with a large available water-holding capacity but weakly developed structure; (2) medium silts, silty loams; and (3) heavy silts, silt loams or silty clay loams, less porous and more retentive of moisture than the light silts.Formerly under grass, the silts were at first capable of growing good crops of potatoes with P fertilizer alone, but as their organic-matter content decreased, potatoes became increasingly responsive to N.In 18 potato manurial experiments on silt soils in Holland, Lincolnshire, done between 1953 and 1963, the mean response to N was much larger than on most English soils, but response differed greatly from site to site and year to year; in most trials N was particularly effective in increasing tuber size and yield of ware. With long-continued use of P fertilizer, residues have accumulated and, particularly on light and medium silts, responses were quite small and differed little between sites; P tended to increase tuber numbers, and so to decrease ware percentage. Most silt soils are rich in K, and only small responses to K fertilizer can be expected, but on a few sites on the light silts, identified by soil analysis as being comparatively poor in K, potatoes responded well. Using these experimental results, recommendations are given for the manuring of potatoes on silt soils.Cooking tests showed little consistent effect of manurial treatment on the amount or degree of tuber blackening.

scholarly journals Effectivity of bulrush (Scirpus californicus.) as a soil conditioner in increasing sandy and clay soil fertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Munifatul Izzati ◽  
SRI HARYANTI ◽  
RINI BUDI HASTUTI
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Soil Conditioner ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Scirpus Californicus

Abstract. Izzati M, Haryanti S, Hastuti RB. 2021. Effectivity of bulrush (Scirpus californicus) as a soil conditioner  increasing sandy and clay soil fertility. Biodiversitas 22: 3423-3429. Bullrush (Scirpus californicus) is a species of macrophytes that often populates lakesides. This aquatic plant was rarely studied and its use has not been explored yet. This study was carried out to determine the effects of soil conditioner made from bulrush on sandy and clay soil fertility. Collected bulrush from Rawa Pening lake was milled into a powder and used as a soil conditioner in a proportion of 1:1. After a week, soil fertility was evaluated including organic matter content, water retention, the ratio of C/N, and bacteria population. The study was designed using a Completely Randomized Design with two treatments and control. Resulted data were analyzed using a t-test to evaluate the difference between the two treatments. Results showed that bulrush powder application significantly increased sandy and clay soil fertility. The organic matter content significantly increased in both sandy (p<0,01) and clay soils (p<005). The water retention of sandy soil was increased by 74% (p<0,01), while in clay soil was reduced by 27% (p<0,01). The C/N ratio was significantly reduced in both sandy and clay soil (p<0,05), while the bacteria population significantly increased (p<0,01). It is suggested to use the bulrush as a soil conditioner particularly for sandy and clay soils.

scholarly journals Subsoils—a sink for excess fertilizer P but a minor contribution to P plant nutrition: evidence from long-term fertilization trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Siebers ◽  
Liming Wang ◽  
Theresa Funk ◽  
Sabine von Tucher ◽  
Ines Merbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Organic P ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Pools ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Soil P Tests

Abstract Background The phosphorus (P) stocks of arable subsoils not only influence crop production but also fertilizer P sequestration. However, the extent of this influence is largely unknown. This study aimed to (i) determine the extent of P sequestration with soil depth, (ii) analyze P speciation after long-term P fertilization, and (iii) compare soil P tests in predicting crop yields. We analyzed four long-term fertilizer trials in Germany to a depth of 90 cm. Treatments received either mineral or organic P, or a combination of both, for 16 to 113 years. We determined inorganic and organic P pools using sequential extraction, and P speciation using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. In addition, we applied three P soil tests, double-lactate (DL), calcium acetate lactate (CAL), and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT). Results The results suggested that plants are capable of mobilizing P from deeper soil layers when there is a negative P budget of the topsoil. However, fertilization mostly only showed insignificant effects on P pools, which were most pronounced in the topsoil, with a 1.6- to 4.4-fold increase in labile inorganic P (Pi; resin-P, NaHCO3–Pi) after mineral fertilization and a 0- to 1.9-fold increase of organic P (Po; NaHCO3–Po, NaOH–Po) after organic P fertilization. The differences in Po and Pi speciation were mainly controlled by site-specific factors, e.g., soil properties or soil management practice rather than by fertilization. When modeling crop yield response using the Mitscherlich equation, we obtained the highest R2 (R2 = 0.61, P < 0.001) among the soil P tests when using topsoil PDGT. However, the fit became less pronounced when incorporating the subsoil. Conclusion We conclude that if the soil has a good P supply, the majority of P taken up by plants originates from the topsoil and that the DGT method is a mechanistic surrogate of P plant uptake. Thus, DGT is a basis for optimization of P fertilizer recommendation to add as much P fertilizer as required to sustain crop yields but as low as necessary to prevent harmful P leaching of excess fertilizer P.

scholarly journals A simple model of P uptake by crops as a possible basis for P fertilizer recommendations.

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (3A) ◽  
pp. 317-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. van Noordwijk ◽  
P. de Willigen ◽  
P.A.I. Ehlert
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Root Area Index

In the Netherlands the Pw value, based on an extraction of soil P with water, is used as a basis for P-fertilizer recommendations for arable crops. Using a simple, mechanistic model of P transport in the soil the Pw value required for adequate P uptake by crops can be calculated on the basis of daily uptake requirements, root area index, P-adsorption isotherms and total amount of P taken up during a growing season. Calculated Pw values for adequate uptake are in the same range as the present recommendation scheme based on field experiments. Possible refinements of the model are discussed. For each soil the Pw value can be calculated that corresponds to the P concentrations in the soil solution according to standards set to reduce environmental pollution. The model predicts that, unless the root area index of non-cereal crops is considerably improved, these standards cannot be met in the plough layer without affecting crop production levels. Calculations show that the present method of determining the Pw value yields a reasonable compromise between a measurement of intensity and capacity of P supply in the soil. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Forms of organic phosphorus in wetland soils

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6697-6710 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Cheesman ◽  
B. L. Turner ◽  
K. R. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Freshwater Wetlands ◽  
Wetland Soils ◽  
31P Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Inorganic Polyphosphates ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Total P

Abstract. Phosphorus (P) cycling in freshwater wetlands is dominated by biological mechanisms, yet there has been no comprehensive examination of the forms of biogenic P (i.e., forms derived from biological activity) in wetland soils. We used solution 31P NMR spectroscopy to identify and quantify P forms in surface soils of 28 palustrine wetlands spanning a range of climatic, hydrogeomorphic, and vegetation types. Total P concentrations ranged between 51 and 3516 μg P g-1, of which an average of 58% was extracted in a single-step NaOH–EDTA procedure. The extracts contained a broad range of P forms, including phosphomonoesters (averaging 24% of the total soil P), phosphodiesters (averaging 10% of total P), phosphonates (up to 4% of total P), and both pyrophosphate and long-chain polyphosphates (together averaging 6% of total P). Soil P composition was found to be dependant upon two key biogeochemical properties: organic matter content and pH. For example, stereoisomers of inositol hexakisphosphate were detected exclusively in acidic soils with high mineral content, while phosphonates were detected in soils from a broad range of vegetation and hydrogeomorphic types but only under acidic conditions. Conversely inorganic polyphosphates occurred in a broad range of wetland soils, and their abundance appears to reflect more broadly that of a "substantial" and presumably active microbial community with a significant relationship between total inorganic polyphosphates and microbial biomass P. We conclude that soil P composition varies markedly among freshwater wetlands but can be predicted by fundamental soil properties.

scholarly journals The Crucial Role of Soil Organic Matter in Satisfying the Phosphorus Requirements of Olive Trees (Olea europaea L.)

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Niki Christopoulou ◽  
Theocharis Chatzistathis ◽  
Efimia M. Papatheodorou ◽  
Vassilis Aschonitis ◽  
Nikolaos Monokrousos
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Soil P ◽  
High Organic Matter ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Foliar Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Extractable Soil

Under high organic matter content, even under low extractable soil P concentrations, sufficient or over-sufficient foliar P levels may be found. This multi-year study aimed at examining the effects of organic matter content and irrigation management on (a) soil fertility, (b) P-cycle related soil enzymes (acid and alkaline phosphatase, pyrophosphatase) and (c) foliar nutrient concentrations. Irrigated and non-irrigated groves of fully productive trees of the cultivar “Chondrolia Chalkidikis” with low organic matter (LOM < 1.5%), medium organic matter (1.5% < MOM < 2.5%) and high organic matter (HOM > 2.5%) were selected for the experimentation. It was hypothesized that olive groves receiving high inorganic fertilization and irrigation inputs (usually with medium to relatively low organic matter content) would show higher soil and foliar P concentrations compared to the non-irrigated groves with higher organic matter content receiving manure applications. Most of the soil variables (including the three enzymes’ activities) were affected by differences in organic matter content. However, organic matter content did not show a significant influence on foliar nutrient concentrations. Olive trees, especially those cultivated in soils with high organic matter content (receiving organic fertilization), can over-satisfy their P nutritional needs, even though soil analyses show low soil extractable P concentrations, probably due to the high enzymatic activity of acid and alkaline phosphatases. The practical conclusion of this study is that P fertilizer recommendations should be primarily based on foliar P rather than on extractable soil P.

scholarly journals Soil chemical attributes restricting grain yield in Oxisols under no-tillage system

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1203-1212
Author(s):  
Geomar Mateus Corassa ◽  
Antônio Luís Santi ◽  
Vanderlei Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Felipe Arthur Baron ◽  
Geovane Boschmann Reimche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
High Yield ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Chemical Attributes

Abstract: The objective of this work was to identify soil chemical attributes restricting grain yield in Oxisols under the no-tillage system, using directed soil sampling. High, medium, and low yield zones were defined in two agricultural fields using historical yield data of several crops. The yield zones were defined based on the harvest maps of the following crops: corn in 2008/2009, white oat in 2009, and corn in 2012/2013 in field I, with 117.70 ha; and corn in 2009/2010, soybean in 2010/2011, and wheat in 2012 in field II, with 107.30 ha. Soil sampling points were georeferenced in each yield zone, where samples were collected at eight soil depths, spaced 0.05 m apart, totaling 80 variables. Low yields were associated with low cation exchange capacity, low phosphorus and organic matter contents, and high clay content. In both studied fields, the highest organic matter content in the subsurface layers was the main indicator of high yield. Soil sampling considering yield zones is an efficient strategy to identify chemical attributes restricting grain yield and also allows guiding more precise site-specific interventions.

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