scholarly journals OBTAINED CARBOXULCONTAINED OLIGOMERS ON THE BASE C5 FRACTION LIQUID PRODUCTS OF PYROLYSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
D.B. Kichura ◽  
◽  
B. O. Dziniak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fraction Liquid ◽  
Liquid Products

Study of the Kinetics of Thermal Destruction of Crossed Polyethylene

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
K. Chalov ◽  
Yu. Lugovoy ◽  
Yu. Kosivtsov ◽  
E. Sulman
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Process Temperature ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Kinetics Of

This paper presents a study of the process of thermal degradation of crosslinked polyethylene. The kinetics of polymer decomposition was studied by thermogravimetry. Crosslinked polyethylene showed high heat resistance to temperatures of 400 °C. The temperature range of 430–500 °C was determined for the loss of the bulk of the sample. According to thermogravimetric data, the decomposition process proceeds in a single stage and includes a large number of fracture, cyclization, dehydrogenation, and other reactions. The process of pyrolysis of a crosslinked polymer in a stationary-bed metal reactor was investigated. The influence of the process temperature on the yield of solid, liquid, and gaseous pyrolysis products was investigated. The optimum process temperature was 500 °C. At this temperature, the yield of liquid and gaseous products was 85.0 and 12.5% (mass.), Respectively. Samples of crosslinked polyester decomposed almost completely. The amount of carbon–containing residue was 3.5% by weight of the feedstock. With increasing temperature, the yield of liquid products decreased slightly and the yield of gaseous products increased, but their total yield did not increase. For gaseous products, a qualitative and quantitative composition was determined. The main components of the pyrolysis gas were hydrocarbons C1–C4. The calorific value of pyrolysis gas obtained at a temperature of 500 °C was 17 MJ/m3. Thus, the pyrolysis process can be used to process crosslinked polyethylene wastes to produce liquid hydrocarbons and combustible gases.

HPTLC determination of apigenin in some Iranian liquid products ofMatricaria chamomillaL.

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (111) ◽  
pp. 383-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazli Nader ◽  
Somayeh Esmaeili ◽  
Farzaneh Naghibi ◽  
Mahmoud Mosaddegh
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Products

Effect of pyrolysis temperature on volatile products from hazelnut shells: products characteristics and antioxidant activity assessment of liquid products

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-391
Author(s):  
Chenxi Zhao ◽  
Yupeng Xing ◽  
Wei Lv ◽  
Juhui Chen ◽  
Xiaogang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Activity Assessment ◽  
Volatile Products ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Fuels And Chemicals ◽  
Gas Products ◽  
Combustible Gases ◽  
Hazelnut Shells

Abstract It is being considered to pyrolyze lignin-rich biomass samples (hazelnut shells, HSs) into bio-fuels and chemicals to solve energy shortages and environmental concerns, volatile products (including liquid products and gas products) were produced and characterized from HSs pyrolysis at 400–1000 °C. With the temperature increases, the maximum output of liquid products was up to 35.79% produced at 700 °C, gas products yields increased from 21.82 to 55.46%. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC–MS) study indicated that liquid products from HSs riched in phenolic compounds, exceed 42% of liquid products and increased as the temperature rises. The application experiment showed that HSs liquid products had a significant role in antioxidant activity, and revealed that not limited to phenols, all compounds containing phenolic hydroxyl structure act as antioxidant. Composition analysis of gas products showed that more combustible gases were produced at the higher temperature, resulted in the significant increase in gas products higher heating value (HHV) from 6.21 to 24.36 MJ/kg.

scholarly journals Investigation of Gas Diffusion Electrode Systems for the Electrochemical CO2 Conversion

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 482
Author(s):  
Hilmar Guzmán ◽  
Federica Zammillo ◽  
Daniela Roldán ◽  
Camilla Galletti ◽  
Nunzio Russo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Gas Diffusion Electrode ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Co2 Conversion ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Electrochemical Co2 Reduction ◽  
Liquid Products

Electrochemical CO2 reduction is a promising carbon capture and utilisation technology. Herein, a continuous flow gas diffusion electrode (GDE)-cell configuration has been studied to convert CO2 via electrochemical reduction under atmospheric conditions. To this purpose, Cu-based electrocatalysts immobilised on a porous and conductive GDE have been tested. Many system variables have been evaluated to find the most promising conditions able to lead to increased production of CO2 reduction liquid products, specifically: applied potentials, catalyst loading, Nafion content, KHCO3 electrolyte concentration, and the presence of metal oxides, like ZnO or/and Al2O3. In particular, the CO productivity increased at the lowest Nafion content of 15%, leading to syngas with an H2/CO ratio of ~1. Meanwhile, at the highest Nafion content (45%), C2+ products formation has been increased, and the CO selectivity has been decreased by 80%. The reported results revealed that the liquid crossover through the GDE highly impacts CO2 diffusion to the catalyst active sites, thus reducing the CO2 conversion efficiency. Through mathematical modelling, it has been confirmed that the increase of the local pH, coupled to the electrode-wetting, promotes the formation of bicarbonate species that deactivate the catalysts surface, hindering the mechanisms for the C2+ liquid products generation. These results want to shine the spotlight on kinetics and transport limitations, shifting the focus from catalytic activity of materials to other involved factors.

scholarly journals Melon with a Twist: A Case of Nicotine Overdose After Ingestion and Aspiration of Vape Liquid

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Jude ◽  
Hugh Hiller ◽  
Joel Miller
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Similar Case ◽  
Significant Toxicity ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Hypoxic Respiratory Failure ◽  
Case Presentations ◽  
Emergent Airway Management ◽  
The Military ◽  
Adequate Oxygenation

ABSTRACT We present the case of an active duty 21-year-old male with severe hypoxic respiratory failure after accidentally ingesting, and subsequently aspirating, vaping liquid while intoxicated. Because of the increasing prevalence of vaping devices, this case highlights a unique risk of vape liquids with concentrated nicotine levels and appetizing labels and aromas. Vaping-associated pulmonary injury has been previously described in multiple publications, but unlike those patients with pathology after inhaling vaping products, our patient ingested and subsequently aspirated the highly nicotinic substance. Most vape liquid products have enough nicotine to result in significant toxicity, which most concerningly can lead to nicotine-induced respiratory failure. This patient’s hypoxia appeared to be multifactorial as a result of both nicotine toxicity and aspiration, but ultimately treatment of both focused on supportive measures.In addition to understanding nicotine toxicity, this patient’s hypoxia secondary to agitation and aspiration requiring emergent airway management illustrates the importance of understanding the technique of Delayed Sequence Intubation and its proper application in the critical airway algorithm. By treating preoxygenation as a procedure, the patient received adequate oxygenation resulting in successful intubation without harmful desaturation during the procedure.Given the prevalence of tobacco use in the military as well as the increasing popularity of vaping devices, future military providers have a responsibility to their patients to be prepared for similar case presentations. Fortunately, this case demonstrates that when managed properly, otherwise healthy patients without comorbidities often recover without significant long-term sequelae.

On some Observations made without a Dust Counter on the Hazing Effect of Atmospheric Dust

1895 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 76-93
Author(s):  
John Aitken
Keyword(s):  
Great Distance ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Atmospheric Dust ◽  
Considerable Difficulty ◽  
Smoke Particles ◽  
Liquid Products

There was considerable difficulty in selecting a proper title for this paper. It may appear to some, after reading it, that a shorter and better title would have been, “On the Hazing Effects of Smoke.” But as smoke particles generally reflect a reddish-brown light, they do not therefore seem to be the cause of the whitish light which we call haze; and further, smoke particles generally condense into little masses of such a size that they fall to the ground before they are carried to any great distance. It was thought that as this paper is a continuation of previous work, and is founded on results already communicated to this Society, it would be better to keep to the use of the same terms, and as usual, under the name of “dust particles,” to include all the solid and liquid products of combustion, of whatever size or colour they may be.

scholarly journals Perspective: Characterization of Dietary Supplements Containing Calcium and Magnesium and Their Respective Ratio—Is a Rising Ratio a Cause for Concern?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca B Costello ◽  
Andrea Rosanoff ◽  
Qi Dai ◽  
Leila G Saldanha ◽  
Nancy A Potischman
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multiple Chronic Conditions ◽  
Range Data ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Ratio Range

ABSTRACT Low magnesium intakes coupled with high calcium intakes and high calcium-to-magnesium (Ca:Mg) intake ratios have been associated with increased risk for multiple chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome, as well as some cancers (colorectal, prostate, esophageal), and total mortality. A high dietary Ca:Mg ratio (>2.60) may affect body magnesium status while, on the other hand, high intakes of magnesium could adversely impact individuals with an exceedingly low dietary Ca:Mg ratio (<1.70). Thus, a Ca:Mg ratio range of 1.70–2.60 (weight to weight) has been proposed as an optimum range. Data from NHANES surveys have shown the mean Ca:Mg intake ratio from foods alone for US adults has been >3.00 since 2000. One-third of Americans consume a magnesium supplement with a mean dose of 146 mg/d, and 35% of Americans consume a calcium supplement with a mean dose of 479 mg/d. Our review of Ca:Mg ratios in dietary supplements sold in the United States and listed in NIH's Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) found a mean ratio of 2.90 across all calcium- and magnesium-containing products, with differences by product form. The ratios ranged from a low of 0.10 in liquid products to a high of 48.5 in powder products. Thirty-one percent of products fell below, 40.5% fell within, and 28.3% fell above the ratio range of 1.70–2.60. Our findings of calculated Ca:Mg ratios from dietary supplements coupled with food-intake data suggest that, in individuals with high calcium intakes from diet and/or supplements, magnesium supplementation may be warranted to establish a more favorable dietary Ca:Mg ratio in their total diet. Additional research may provide greater insight into whether the Ca:Mg ratio is a biomarker of interest for moderating chronic disease and which population groups may derive benefit from moderating that ratio.

scholarly journals Characteristic Study of Briquette Cyanobacteria as Fuel in Chemical Looping Combustion with Hematite as Oxygen Carrier

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4388
Author(s):  
Haifeng Zhang ◽  
Laihong Shen ◽  
Huijun Ge ◽  
Hongcun Bai
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Oxygen Carrier ◽  
Compressive Load ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Carbon Conversion ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Lower Temperature

Due to the more and more serious cyanobacteria bloom problem, it is particularly urgent to find a technology suitable for large-scale disposal and the efficient recovery of abundant nitrogen and phosphorus resources in cyanobacteria. The combination of chemical looping combustion (CLC) and biomass densification technology is thought to be a promising utilization selection. Based on the experimental results, the mechanical strength and energy density of briquette cyanobacteria are evidently increased with the compressive load; whereas, 10% is the optimal moisture content in the densification process. A higher heating rate in TGA would result in the damage of the internal structure of the briquette cyanobacteria, which are conducive to the carbon conversion efficiency. The presence of a hematite oxygen carrier would enhance the carbon conversion and catalyzed crack liquid products. CO2 yield is increased 25 percent and CH4 yield is decreased 50 percent at 900 °C in the CLC process. In addition, the lower temperature and reduction atmosphere in CLC would result in a lower NO emission concentration. The reactivity and porous property of hematite OC in CLC also increased during 10 redox cycle experiments. The CLC process accelerates the generation of CaH2P2O7 and CaHPO4 in cyanobacteria ash, which is more conducive to phosphorus recovery.

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