scholarly journals Application of Response Surface Method to Copper Cementation by Metallic Aluminum Particles

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-596
Author(s):  
Nizamettin Demirkɪran ◽  
◽  
G. Deniz Turhan Özdemir ◽  
Merve Dardağan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Metallic Aluminum ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Aluminum Particles ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Order Polynomial ◽  
Optimal Values

In the present study, the interactive effects of the process variables containing copper concentration, temperature, and time on the efficiency of copper cementation by metallic aluminum particles were examined by using response surface methodology (RSM). It was observed that the efficiency of cementation increased with an increase in the initial concentration of copper, temperature and time. The multiple regression analysis to the experimental data was applied to see the interactive effects of process variables. The second-order polynomial equation was obtained. The optimal values were found to be 0.075 mol/l, 303 K, and 90 min to maximize the amount of the deposited copper.

The Optimization of Pb(II),Cu(II),Zn(II) and Cd(II) Ions Removal by Micro-Electrolysis Using Response Surface Methodology

2013 ◽  
Vol 800 ◽  
pp. 537-545
Author(s):  
Jian Ping Xu ◽  
Zhi Huang ◽  
Yan Ling Gao
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Design Matrix ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Operating Variables ◽  
Order Polynomial

In this study, the Box–Behnken design matrix and response surface methodology (RSM) have been applied in the experiments to evaluate the interactive effects of four most important operating variables: pH (2.0–4.0), temperature (30–40°C )，iron/carbon ratio（1/2–3/2）and iron carbon amounts (2-4) on the removal of Pb (II), Cu(II)，Zn (II) and Cd (II) ions in acid mine drainage with micro-electrolysis (ME) . The total 29 experiments were conducted in the present study for the construction of a quadratic model. The independent variables have significant value 0.0001, which indicates the importance of these variables in the ME process. The values of “Prob > F” less than 0.0500 indicate that model terms are significant for the removal of Cr (VI), Ni (II) and Zn (II) ions. The regression equation coefficients were calculated and the data fitted to a second-order polynomial equation for removal of Pb (II), Cu(II)，Zn (II) and Cd (II) ions with ME.

scholarly journals Developing A New Empirical-Computational Method, for Accurate Acid- Base Quantitative Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Owolabi Rasheed Uthman ◽  
Akinjide Akinola ◽  
Mohammed Awwal Usman ◽  
Abubakar Adepitan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Order Polynomial

The mole ratio of an acid base reaction is one of the important values to state the stoichiometric relationship between acids and bases. However, solving acid-base problems based on stoichiometry is still challenging for new chemists.This issue renders the use of a model for predicting the volume of the acid used an exciting endeavour in academia. This work was to study the individual and interactive effects of the titration parameters such as acid concentration, base concentration and the number of the indicator drops on the volume of acid used in the titration process, using methyl orange as an indicator.We also aimed to study the central composite design (CCD) model of response surface methodology (RSM) for experimental design and modelling of the process. The experimental data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and fitted to a second-order polynomial equation using multiple regression analysis. The regression analysis showed a good fit of the experimental data to the second-order polynomial model with a coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.9751 and model F-value of 43.37. The response surface and contour plots were generated from RSM tool for the interactive effects of the studied parameters on the volume of acid used. The developed model was further validated using existing acid-base titration problems from the Senior Secondary Certificate Examination (SSCE) past questions over 30 years. All observations indicated that the developed model was only valid for a monobasic acid.

Optimization of Manufacturing Process of Traditional Algerian Jben Cheese Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
M. Amimour ◽  
T. Idoui ◽  
A. Cheriguene
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Enzymatic Extract ◽  
Traditional Cheese ◽  
Order Polynomial ◽  
Predicted Values

The Aim of this study was to develop an optimized method for manufacturing process of traditional Algerian Jben cheese, using response surface methodology (RSM). In order to develop the objective method of making this traditional cheese, several factors have been studied and a Plackett-Burman statistical design was applied. The effects of the four screened factors (enrichment with milk powder, 10 - 20 g/l; pH of milk, 5.75 - 6.75, enzymatic extract dose, 0.5 - 1.5 ml and coagulation temperature 40 - 60 °C) on the response were investigated, using a Box-Behnken statistical design. Multiple regression analysis was used so that experimental data fits to a second-order polynomial equation. This multiple analysis showed that the model explains about 90.73% of the variation. Based on statistical results, it can be noticed that enrichment with milk powder and pH of milk (Ë‚0.0001***) were highly significant factor influincing cheese yield. The optimal production parame-ters that maximized cheese product (20 g/l enrichment with milk powder, 5.75 pH of milk, 1.29 ml enzymatic extract dose and 60°C coagulation temperature) and the maximal predicted cheese yield (52.68 % ) were found out through response surface methodology. Under these conditions, a verification experiment was carried out and cheese yield was found to be 49.46 %. The overall percentage of agreement for the experimental results (more than 93 % validity) with the predicted values indicates the validation of the statistical model and the success of the optimization process.

A new response surface method based on the adaptive bivariate cut-HDMR

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenliang Fan ◽  
Wei Shen ◽  
Qingbin Zhang ◽  
Alfredo H.-S. Ang
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cross Terms ◽  
Order Polynomial ◽  
Component Function

Purpose The purpose of this study is to improve the efficiency and accuracy of response surface method (RSM), as well as its robustness. Design/methodology/approach By introducing cut-high-dimensional representation model (HDMR), the delineation of cross terms and the constitution analysis of component function, a new adaptive RSM is presented for reliability calculation, where a sampling scheme is also proposed to help constructing response surface close to limit-state. Findings The proposed method has a more feasible process of evaluating undetermined coefficients of each component function than traditional RSM, and performs well in terms of balancing the efficiency and accuracy when compared to the traditional second-order polynomial RSM. Moreover, the proposed method is robust on the parameter in a wide range, indicating that it is able to obtain convergent result in a wide feasible domain of sample points. Originality/value This study constructed an adaptive bivariate cut-HDMR by introducing delineation of cross-terms and constitution of univariate component function; and a new sampling technique is proposed.

Vibration response analysis of high-speed cylindrical roller bearings using response surface method

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-392
Author(s):  
Pravajyoti Patra ◽  
V Huzur Saran ◽  
SP Harsha
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Dynamical Behavior ◽  
Roller Bearing ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Roller Bearings ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Cylindrical Roller

The operating clearance in a bearing influences friction, load zone size and fatigue life of a bearing. Hence, an effort is made to investigate the effect of radial internal clearance on the dynamical behavior of a cylindrical roller bearing system with an unbalance present in the system. The differential equations representing the dynamics of the cylindrical roller bearings have been derived using Lagrange’s equations and solved numerically using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta iterative method. The nonlinear vibration signature has been analyzed due to the clearance and the same is represented by various tools like Acceleration-time plots, Poincaré plots and FFT plots. The approximation method is used to calculate the load distribution and deformation of the individual rollers located at a different position in the load zone, for a preloading/interference fit and positive internal clearance. A response surface method is used to analyze the severity involved in the system due to the combined effect of independent variables like rotor speed, radial load, and radial internal clearance. The observations presented here are not only useful to diagnose the bearing health condition with respect to parametric effects but also exhibit their interactive effects on bearing performance.

Enhanced Alkali Pretreatment of Narrow Leaves Cattail by Response Surface Methodology

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 1637-1641
Author(s):  
Arrisa Sopajarn ◽  
Chayanoot Sangwichien
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Alkali Concentration ◽  
Pretreatment Condition ◽  
Order Polynomial ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Central Composite

The purpose of this work is to develop a pretreatment process of lingo-cellulosic ethanol production from narrow leaves cattail (Typha angustifolia) by using alkali catalysis with the response surface methodology (RSM) as a central composite design (CCD). The first step, LiOH, NaOH, and KOH were used as catalytic alkali for preliminary test. Second, the suitable alkali from first step was selected to optimize of pretreatment condition of three independent variables (alkali concentration, temperature, and residence time) that varies at CCD five codes (-2, -1, 0, 1, 2). Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is the proper alkali because it could increase cellulose more than KOH and nearby LiOH while it is cheapest. RSM result shows the optimized pretreatment condition based on cellulose increased which obtained from this study that is NaOH 5 % w/v at 100 °C and residence time for 120 min. Beside, this condition was analyzed using an ANOVA with a second order polynomial equation after eliminated non-significant terms. At the optimized conditions, cellulose increased, hemicellulose decreased and weight recovery were achieved 77.81%, 80.59, and 41.65%, respectively. Moreover, the model was reasonable to predict the response of strength with less than 5% error.

scholarly journals Optimization of osmotic shock process variables for enhancement of the release of periplasmic interferon-α2b from Escherichia coli using response surface method

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramakrishnan Nagasundara Ramanan ◽  
Joo Shun Tan ◽  
Mohd Shamzi Mohamed ◽  
Tau Chuan Ling ◽  
Beng Ti Tey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Osmotic Shock ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Shock Process ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Interferon Α2b

scholarly journals Optimization of Anthocyanin Extraction from Cockspur Coral (Erythrina Crista-Galli L.) Petals with Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) using Response Surface Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Astrilia Damayanti ◽  
Bayu Triwibowo ◽  
Megawati Megawati ◽  
Miftahuddin Azhari ◽  
Sandra Anggita Fadriana
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Order Polynomial ◽  
Independent Variable

Cockspur coral (Erythrina crista-galli L) petals are flowers that contain anthocyanins and active compounds of flavonoids and tannins. This study aims to determine the optimum conditions for the anthocyanin extraction process of cockspur coral petals using Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE), analyzed through the Response Surface Method (RSM). This process uses ethanol-hydrochloric acid solvents and a Box-Behnken experimental design involving three factors, namely the solvent ratios (w/v) (1:5, 1:15, and 1:25), microwave powers (300, 450, and 600 watts), and extraction times (3, 9, and 15 minutes). As a result, the second-order polynomial model was enhanced and sufficient to explain the variation of the data that denoted the significant correlation with the independent variables and the response. Derringer's desired function methodology was used for optimizing studies and generated ideal conditions for each or combined an independent variable.  The optimum anthocyanin extract of 5.82 mg/L was obtained at a power condition of 325,5 Watts, an extraction time of 3.05 minutes, and a solvent ratio of 20.5. Meanwhile, the operating conditions at a power of 310.8 Watts, a time of 14.94 minutes, and a solvent ratio of 24.96 resulted in the optimum color intensity (IC) of 1040.26. In the meantime, the optimum antioxidant activity was obtained at a power of 585.97 Watts, a time of 4.93 minutes, and a solvent ratio of 5.43 with IC50 of 0.115.

scholarly journals Combined Surfactant and Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of Pectin from Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.) Fruits

2022 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-742
Author(s):  
Anastasia Novikova ◽  
Liubov Skrypnik
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Wild Fruits ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Order Polynomial ◽  
Extraction Parameters ◽  
Enzyme Assisted Extraction

Introduction. Commercial pectin is usually obtained from apples or citrus fruits. However, some wild fruits, such as hawthorn, are also rich in pectin with valuable nutritional and medical properties. The research objective was to study and improve the process of combined surfactant and enzyme-assisted extraction of pectin from hawthorn fruits. Study objects and methods. The study involved a 1% solution of Polysorbate-20 surfactant and a mix of two enzymes, namely cellulase and xylanase, in a ratio of 4:1. The response surface methodology with the Box-Behnken experimental design improved the extraction parameters. The experiment featured three independent variables – temperature, time, and solvent-to-material ratio. They varied at three levels: 20, 40, and 60°C; 120, 180, and 240 min; 15, 30, and 45 mL per g. Their effect on the parameters on the pectin yield was assessed using a quadratic mathematical model based on a second order polynomial equation. Results and discussion. The response surface methodology made it possible to derive a second order polynomial regression equation that illustrated the effect of extraction parameters on the yield of polyphenols. The regression coefficient (R2 = 98.14%) and the lack-of-fit test (P > 0.05) showed a good accuracy of the model. The optimal extraction conditions were found as follows: temperature = 41°C, time = 160 min, solvent-to-material ratio = 32 mL per 1 g. Under the optimal conditions, the predicted pectin yield was 14.9%, while the experimental yield was 15.2 ± 0.4%. The content of galacturonic acid in the obtained pectin was 58.5%, while the degree of esterification was 51.5%. The hawthorn pectin demonstrated a good complex-building ability in relation to ions of copper (564 mg Cu2+/g), lead (254 mg Pb2+/g), and cobalt (120 mg Co2+/g). Conclusion. Combined surfactant and enzyme-assisted extraction made improved the extraction of pectin from hawthorn fruits. The hawthorn pectin can be used to develop new functional products.

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