scholarly journals ZAERA-POLO’S ARCHITECTURAL COMPASS AS A RESEARCH TOOL FOR MODERN CONCEPTS OF ARCHITECTURAL ENVIRONMENT DESIGN

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Dzhyhil Yuriy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Evolutionary Tree ◽  
Research Tool ◽  
Environment Design ◽  
Tree Diagram ◽  
National University ◽  
Interactive Map

The article examines the trends in modern architecture, outlined in the studies of architectural critic Alejandro Zaera-Polo and his team. The tool they’ve created was named ‘Interactive Map of Modern Architecture’. Charles Jencks’s ‘Evolutionary Tree’ (diagram of 20th-century architecture) had a significant influence on this tool. The functionality of Zaera-Polo’s map has been examined for five years by the author of this article while tutoring future architects at the Department of Architectural Environment Design at Lviv Polytechnic National University. These examinations allowed us to formulate a number of proposals to improve both - the structure of this map and the methodology of its creation.

scholarly journals The Architectural Phenomenon of Chernivtsi of the Beginning and the mid-20th-Century: F. Fellner, G. Helmer, F. Kiesler, H. Creangă and Others

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022022
Author(s):  
Viktor Proskuryakov ◽  
Yuliia Bohdanova ◽  
Ihor Kopylyak ◽  
Oleksii Proskuriakov ◽  
Ruslan Yuriichuk
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Environment Design ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
The World ◽  
National University ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
Architectural Development ◽  
Architecture And Design

Abstract Over the last 30 years, there has been considerable debate on the styles of modern architecture around the world and, particularly, in Ukraine. Interestingly, proponents of traditionalism seek answers in the reproduction of ornaments and facades of buildings or the imitation and interpretation of folk forms and materials engendered in past eras. Connoisseurs of the latest technologies and trends see the essence of modern architecture in open space planning, the universality of space and share common views on the overall versatility of objects, irrespective of the territory on which they are located. However, it is of the utmost importance that they also study extensively the outstanding personalities and their creative heritage, which will enable them to predict the potential ways of architectural development down the line. For many years the Department of Architectural Environment Design of Lviv Polytechnic National University has been investigating architecture through the prism of continental and world systems of culture with numerous cross-cultural similarities and differences, authenticity and borrowings and synthetic phenomena. In other words, the Department hones in on the development of conceptual ideas throughout European history and the World cultures. It should be noted that within the territorial boundaries of modern western Ukraine there are cities, which used to be the administrative centers of other countries. They developed in accordance with the dominant tendencies of the former capitals, which shifted their culture potential from the center to the periphery, mainly due to architecture. One of the brightest cities of the early 20th century was Chernivtsi. It was the administrative center of Bukovina, which belonged to the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, and later to the Kingdom of Romania. Hence, the experience of architects who worked in the city and erected many multifunctional buildings constitutes important evidence in our investigation. However, these are not the quantitative indicators of the completed building projects but rather the architects' progressive ideas highlighting a phenomenal universal feature that should be taken into consideration, which is sometimes of greater importance than merely practical optimization of complex architectural forms. The paper seeks to address three architectural phenomena associated with Chernivtsi, namely, the Viennese bureau of F. Fellner and G. Helmer, the futurist designer F. Kiesler, and the Romanian modernist H. Creangą. The criteria for selecting these personalities were their common features: the certain period of time spent in Chernivtsi, enthusiasm and desire to constantly improve architecture, the willingness to seek understanding of the spatial, formal, historical and urban contexts of architecture. The design concepts of these architects are systematically collected and analysed at the Institute of Architecture and Design in Lviv Polytechnic National University. They are developed and implemented in student research projects, as well as bachelor's and master's theses and can lay the foundation for the innovative architectural solutions in Ukraine.

The Bauhaus Frame Reliability and Loosening

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 107-121
Author(s):  
Kazimierz M. Łyszcz
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Art World ◽  
Visual Form ◽  
Artistic Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Architecture And Design

The paper presents the problem of the frame, a clearly prevalent pattern in the selected activities of Bauhaus representatives. Despite only a dozen years of its existence, the school of modern architecture and design had a significant impact on the 20th-century world of art, and its social context, aesthetic and functions. In spite of its utilitarianist approach, it has developed a variety of standpoints that resulted in debates over the limits of art and have evolved into a wide range of creative movements that became a permanent feature of the art world. The essence of artistic activity evolved in this formation in two seemingly contradictory directions – towards a radical consolidation of the visual form, which is devoid of any decorations, and its gradual opening to the space surrounding the artistic and design activity. The first direction led to strengthening the integrity of the work and its materiality, while the second led to interference with the environment and the disappearance of the outline of the form. The diverse involvements and relations between these attitudes created different understandings of the frame encompassing the works.

scholarly journals The PENGARUH KEMASAN DAN DURABILITY MAKANAN RINGAN BUATAN MALAYSIA TERHADAP ETNOSENTRISME KONSUMEN DI BATAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Tiurniari Purba
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Research Tool ◽  
Test Results ◽  
F Test ◽  
Statistical Software ◽  
Consumer Ethnocentrism ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Snack Products ◽  
Made In

This study aims to determine the effect of variable packaging and durability on consumer ethnocentrism in Batam, both partially and simultaneously. The background of this research is due to the rise of types of snack products made in Malaysia circulating in every type of retail in Batam, and very well-selling. This research will be analyzed quantitatively with a research tool using a questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire will be processed with the help of SPSS statistical software. As for what will be tested is the multiple regression test. Regression test results showed that the packaging had no effect on consumer ethnocentrism in Batam. While the durability variable shows a significant influence on consumer ethnocentrism. Simultaneously the F test shows that both packaging and durability affect ethnocentrism. While the determination coefficient test results indicate that the determination test output for the R Square value of 0.817 means that the magnitude of the contribution or contribution of the X1 and X2 variables of 82% to the Y variable and the rest of 18% is the influence of other variables not mentioned in this study.   Keywords: Packeging, Durability, Etnosentrisme, Snack

The Bacterial Clients of Modern Architecture

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-17
Author(s):  
Beatriz Colomina ◽  
Mark Wigley
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Contemporary Research

The human is an unstable idea; simultaneously an all-powerful creature – capable of transforming the whole ecology of the planet – yet extremely fragile, a murky ghost. Contemporary research into our microbiome portrays the human itself as a mobile ecology constructed by the endless flux of interactions between thousands of different species of bacteria – some of which are millions of years old and others joined us just a few months ago. This challenges conventional understandings of architecture. What does it mean to house the human when we no longer think that the human organism is securely contained within its skin? What is the role of architecture when the humans occupying it are understood to be suspended in clouds of bacteria shared, generated and mobilized by other macro-organisms (pets, plants, insects…) and the building itself; when the human is not a clearly defined organism or in any sense independent; when the architectural client is a massive set of ever-changing trans-species alliances that make the apparent complexity of even the largest of cities seem quaintly uncomplicated. What kind of care do architects offer if we think of ourselves as alliances between bacteria within the apparent limits of the body and throughout the spaces we occupy? What faces 21st century architects in comparison to 20th century architects?

scholarly journals The avant-garde in the architecture and visual arts of Post-Revolutionary Mexico

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando N. Winfield
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
The Political ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Mexican Architecture ◽  
Direct Reflection

Commenting on an exhibition of contemporary Mexican architecture in Rome in 1957, the polemic and highly influential Italian architectural critic and historian, Bruno Zevi, ridiculed Mexican modernism for combining Pre-Columbian motifs with modern architecture. He referred to it as ‘Mexican Grotesque’. Inherent in Zevi’s comments were an attitude towards modern architecture that defined it in primarily material terms; its principle role being one of “spatial and programmatic function”. Despite the weight of this Modernist tendency in the architectural circles of Post-Revolutionary Mexico, we suggest in this paper that Mexican modernism cannot be reduced to such “material” definitions. In the highly charged political context of Mexico in the first half of the 20th Century, modern architecture was perhaps above all else, a tool for propaganda. In this political atmosphere it was undesirable, indeed it was seen as impossible, to separate art, architecture and politics in a way that would be a direct reflection of Modern architecture’s European manifestations. Form was to follow function, but that function was to be communicative as well as spatial and programmatic. One consequence of this “political communicative function” in Mexico was the combination of the “mural tradition” with contemporary architectural design; what Zevi defined as “Mexican Grotesque”. In this paper, we will examine the political context of Post-Revolutionary Mexico and discuss what may be defined as its most iconic building; the Central Library at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico . In direct counterpoint to Zevi, we will suggest that it was far from grotesque, but rather was one of the most committed political statements made by the Modern Movement throughout the Twentieth Century. It was propaganda, it was political. It was utopian.

Systematization of the Properties of Urban Soils in Khabarovsk

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
L.P. Mayorova ◽  
T.I. Matveenko ◽  
A.A. Cherentsova
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Soil Database ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
National University ◽  
Interactive Map ◽  
Combine Information ◽  
The City

The shell of the Soil database was developed on the basis of the 1C: Enterprise 8.2 software. Designed to combine information and systematize field research data, indicating on the interactive map the points of laying sections and soil sampling. The subsystem “Soil data” includes the subsections: “Sampling locations”, “Soil pollution”, “Physicochemical properties” and “Phytotoxicity”. All of them are presented in the form of hyperlinks to selected points on the city map. The database is constantly updated according to the results of research conducted at the Pacific National University. Information is the basis for the adoption of environmentally oriented management decisions on the development of the urban environment and environmental monitoring. Used in the educational process in the preparation of bachelors, undergraduates and graduate students.

scholarly journals IRACIONALUMO APRAIŠKOS XX A. UŽSIENIO IR LIETUVOS ARCHITEKTŪROJE

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
Algimantas M. Mačiulis
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Art Nouveau ◽  
Art Deco ◽  
Architectural Styles ◽  
Late Modern

The paper analyses irrationality as an expression of modern architecture, overviews the concept of irrational architecture. Various art and philosophical trends, that influenced the development of architecture in the 20th century, are analysed. Influences of global and Lithuanian analogues of irrational architecture on the development of architectural styles are presented. Since the concept of irrational architecture hasn’t been widely analysed, the paper suggests several approaches of analysis of irrational forms in architecture. The author arrives at the following conclusions: – Irrationality is an opposite expression of rationality, pragmatism, posityvism, technicist morphology. It’s based on deconstruction, indetermination, roughness, dramatic expression, etc. – The effect of irrationality can be obtained by two ways: using decorations, ornaments, polichromy, and using deformations of forms and constructions. – Irrational trends in architecture are caused by several factors. Philosophical trends such as reliatyvism, irrationalism, intuityvism, psychoanalysis, deconstructyvism, and art trends such as cubism, symbolism, expressionism, art deco, surrealism, etc. – Irrational trends in global and Lithuanian architecture of the 20th century can be noticed in art nouveau, art deco, organic, late modern, postmodern, deconstructyvist architectural styles. Santrauka Straipsnyje analizuojamas iracionalumas kaip šiuolaikinės architektūros meninės išraiškos forma, aptariama iracionalumo sąvoka architektūros mene. Taip pat charakterizuojamos sociokultūrinės prielaidos, filosofinės, meno srovės, dariusios įtaką iracionalumo požymiams architektūroje. Nagrinėjami pasauliniai ir Lietuvos iracionaliosios architektūros analogai, apžvelgiamos iracionalumo apraiškos stilistinėje architektūros raidoje.

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