scholarly journals Exploring cognition in visual search and vigilance tasks with eye tracking and pupillometry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Joel
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Eye Tracking

scholarly journals Looking ahead: When do you find the next item in foraging visual search?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kosovicheva ◽  
Abla Alaoui-Soce ◽  
Jeremy Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Real World ◽  
Final Experiment ◽  
Color Wheel ◽  
Visual Tasks ◽  
Search Experiment ◽  
Fixation Locations

Many real-world visual tasks involve searching for multiple instances of a target (e.g., picking ripe berries). What strategies do observers use when collecting items in this type of search? Do they wait to finish collecting the current item before starting to look for the next target, or do they search ahead for future targets? We utilized behavioral and eye tracking measures to distinguish between these two possibilities in foraging search. Experiment 1 used a color wheel technique in which observers searched for T shapes among L shapes while all items independently cycled through a set of colors. Trials were abruptly terminated, and observers reported both the color and location of the next target that they intended to click. Using observers’ color reports to infer target-finding times, we demonstrate that observers found the next item before the time of the click on the current target. We validated these results in Experiment 2 by recording fixation locations around the time of each click. Experiment 3 utilized a different procedure, in which all items were intermittently occluded during the trial. We then calculated a distribution of when targets were visible around the time of each click, allowing us to infer when they were most likely found. In a fourth and final experiment, observers indicated the locations of multiple future targets after the search was abruptly terminated. Together, our results provide converging evidence to demonstrate that observers can find the next target before collecting the current target and can typically forage 1-2 items ahead.

Effects of Image Segmentation and Target Number on Visual Search: An Eye-Tracking Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1987-1991
Author(s):  
Kaifeng Liu ◽  
Calvin Ka-lun Or
Keyword(s):  
Image Segmentation ◽  
Visual Search ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixation Duration ◽  
Search Time ◽  
Search Performance ◽  
Target Number ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
Time Accuracy

This is an eye-tracking study examining the effects of image segmentation and target number on visual search performance. A two-way repeated-measures computer-based visual search test was used for data collection. Thirty students participated in the test, in which they were asked to search for all of the Landolt Cs in 80 arrays of closed rings. The dependent variables were search time, accuracy, fixation count, and average fixation duration. Our principal findings were that some of the segmentation methods significantly improved accuracy, and reduced search time, fixation count, and average fixation duration, compared with the no-segmentation condition. Increased target number was found to be associated with longer search time, lower accuracy, more fixations, and longer average fixation duration. Our study indicates that although visual search tasks with multiple targets are relatively difficult, the visual search accuracy and efficiency can potentially be improved with the aid of image segmentation.

Computer vision enhances mobile eye-tracking to expose expert cognition in natural-scene visual-search tasks

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommy P. Keane ◽  
Nathan D. Cahill ◽  
John A. Tarduno ◽  
Robert A. Jacobs ◽  
Jeff B. Pelz
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Visual Search ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Natural Scene ◽  
Search Tasks ◽  
Mobile Eye Tracking

Grapheme–Color Synesthesia Influences Overt Visual Attention

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan S. A. Carriere ◽  
Daniel Eaton ◽  
Michael G. Reynolds ◽  
Mike J. Dixon ◽  
Daniel Smilek
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Search Task ◽  
Visual Search Task ◽  
Free Viewing ◽  
Colored Target

For individuals with grapheme–color synesthesia, achromatic letters and digits elicit vivid perceptual experiences of color. We report two experiments that evaluate whether synesthesia influences overt visual attention. In these experiments, two grapheme–color synesthetes viewed colored letters while their eye movements were monitored. Letters were presented in colors that were either congruent or incongruent with the synesthetes' colors. Eye tracking analysis showed that synesthetes exhibited a color congruity bias—a propensity to fixate congruently colored letters more often and for longer durations than incongruently colored letters—in a naturalistic free-viewing task. In a more structured visual search task, this congruity bias caused synesthetes to rapidly fixate and identify congruently colored target letters, but led to problems in identifying incongruently colored target letters. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for perception in synesthesia.

Analyzing Visual Search Techniques using Eye Tracking for a Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) Task

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 691-695
Author(s):  
Kylie M. Gomes ◽  
Sara L. Riggs
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Order Entry ◽  
Patient Identification ◽  
Computerized Provider Order Entry ◽  
Search Patterns ◽  
Tracking Technology

A challenge with current Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) systems includes patient identification errors, i.e. when an incorrect patient’s record is referenced. These types of errors can lead to patient safety issues such as administrating medication to the incorrect patient. Eye tracking technology can provide insights into the visual search patterns of healthcare professionals and shed light on how patient identification errors occur. This study investigates whether there are differences in visual search metrics, response time, and accuracy when searching for a patient by two identifiers – name or date of birth – from a list of patients with similar names. The findings revealed there was no effect of search strategy on speed or accuracy; however, there was an effect on fixation duration and number of fixations within specific areas of interest. Across both search strategies, there were more fixations on names. This demonstrates the importance of a patient’s name regardless of search strategy and is an important consideration to take into account if multiple patients share the same name. This study shows that eye tracking technology can be used to investigate the visual search patterns employed during patient identification and provide insights as to how patient identification errors occur. It also demonstrates a need to develop alternative methods to prevent patient identification errors apart from relying on healthcare professionals to verify patient identity.

scholarly journals EEG and Eye Tracking Signatures of Target Encoding during Structured Visual Search

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Brouwer ◽  
Maarten A. Hogervorst ◽  
Bob Oudejans ◽  
Anthony J. Ries ◽  
Jonathan Touryan
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Eye Tracking

EEG and EYE tracking for visual search task investigation in humans

2008 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Latanov ◽  
N.S. Konovalova ◽  
A.A. Yermachenko
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Search Task ◽  
Visual Search Task
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