scholarly journals Sammenhenger mellom opplevd kontroll fra foreldre og vold mot barn og ungdom

2020 ◽  
pp. 145-166
Author(s):  
Else-Marie Augusti ◽  
Gertrud Sofie Hafstad
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Parental Control ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Autonomy Development ◽  
Successful Resolution ◽  
Degree Of Control ◽  
General Experience ◽  
The One ◽  
High Degree

In this chapter we explore the associations between parental control behaviors and domestic violence. Limited autonomy in adolescence has been linked to child abuse. Autonomy is a primary developmental task in adolescence, and a successful resolution of this task is associated with well-being and adaptation in adult life. However, autonomy does not develop in isolation, but rather in the context of parents’ support on the one hand or parental control on the other, the latter hampers autonomy development in children and adolescents. The present chapter is based on a large national prevalence study on child abuse and neglect among 12–16-year-olds in Norway (N = 9240). In line with parenting standards in Norway, findings suggest that Norwegian adolescents in general experience a low degree of control. However, a high degree of controlling behaviors from parents is associated with both physical and psychological abuse. Age is not associated with degree of control, except for a decrease in parental supervision with age. Findings are discussed in light of parents’ country of origin.

How Many Moods Are There in Polish? The Case of the Polish Subjunctive

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-289
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kaleta
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Subjunctive Mood ◽  
Complement Clause ◽  
Degree Of Control ◽  
The One ◽  
High Degree

Abstract The present paper is concerned with the Polish construction introduced with the subordinating complementizer żeby. The construction is interesting for its mood properties, which have been subject of a long-standing debate in Polish linguistics. The paper explores the semantic range of the construction and illuminates its mood properties. More specifically, it argues that żeby clauses represent a subjunctive mood and as such should be distinguished from indicative and conditional constructions. This distinction is described in terms of Langacker’s model of control and Givón’s theory of semantic binding. It is argued that the żeby construction constitutes an intermediate category between indicative mood, which grants the speaker a high degree of control over a proposition described in the complement clause, on the one hand, and conditional mood, which situates a proposition outside the conceptualizer’s dominion of control, on the other. The paper also highlights the iconic and metonymic motivation behind the distribution of żeby clauses in present-day Polish.

scholarly journals Validation of black spot [(Pseudocercospora purpurea (Cooke) Deighton] management strategies in avocado crops in northern Tolima

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Rodríguez-Polanco ◽  
Julian Alberto Reina-Noreña ◽  
Pablo Julian Tamayo-Molano ◽  
Luz Astrid Rodríguez-Polanco ◽  
Edgar Herney Varón-Devia
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Dmi Fungicides ◽  
Degree Of Control ◽  
The One ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Chemical Strategy

Leaf spot or black spot (BS) in avocado, caused by the fungus Pseudocercospora purpurea (Cooke) Deighton, is one of the main sanitary limitations for the production of avocado, particularly for the Antillean cultivars (Lorena, Choquette, Santana, and Semil 44) in the northern region of the department of Tolima, Colombia. During 2014-2017, different experiments were carried out in the field, aiming to determine the period of higher fruit susceptibility, the effect of pruning on inoculum reduction, and chemical molecules with a high degree of control, adjusting their chronology and frequency of application. The results allow the technical, economic, and environmental implementation and validation of a chemical strategy for management of this disease. The management strategy carried out by Agrosavia reported a 10% lower incidence of BS in fruits, compared to the one carried out by producers, and a 23.75% return, due to the increase in high quality fruits. In the latter, DMI fungicides (demethylation inhibitors), even without resistance reports, and fungicides with a mixture of two active ingredients (DMI and QoI) in interspersed application and sometimes in conjunction with CuOCl during periods of higher susceptibility to BS were used, aiming to reduce the resistance induction risk in P. purpurea.

Wie Eltern in der Schweiz ihre Kinder erfolgreich auf dem Karriereweg nach Olympia begleiten

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Youth Sports ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Healthy Development ◽  
Autonomy Development ◽  
Sports Science ◽  
Psychology Perspective ◽  
High Degree

Parents play a crucial role in the successful development and socialization of their children who are participating in Swiss sport [1]. They carry responsibility for the well-being of their protégés, take on many duties in the sporting environment and also provide support when the pressures of sport demands and requirements become intolerable for their child. These challenges seem to be particularly high when a performance peak is reached at young age and early in a career. The high degree of professionalization in youth sports has resulted in numerous Olympic victories in top young athletes competing in compositional sports. The downside of these medals becomes visible when the normal and healthy development of young althetes is subordinated to a primarily performance and success-oriented pursuit. This article deals with the developmental steps necessary for young athletes on their way to the Olympics, as well as the concominant responsibilities of their parents. The focus is on the process of autonomy-development in young athletes. This is first derived from a sports science and developmental psychology perspective. The main postulates of child- and youth-oriented autonomy development are then supplemented with the perspectives, beliefs and measures of selected sports parents, who recorded their experiences in short interviews. The conclusion deals with the findings and consequences – especially with regard to a more autonomy-promoting mentoring of young athletes.

Entrepreneurial Education - a New Challenge for Universities in Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Gabriel Croitoru ◽  
Mircea Constantin Duica ◽  
Dorin Claudiu Manolache ◽  
Mihaela Ancuta Banu
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Business Decision ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Entrepreneurial spirit plays an increasingly important role in the economic sphere, and universities are meant to play a central role in this process, where the main objective is the continuous development and mediation of the knowledge increasingly geared to the applications through innovation and patenting a secure platform for employment and well-being growth. The Universities have to take a position in if/and how they want to grow into a so-called “University of Entrepreneurship” which is characterized by a high degree of openness to the surrounding society and here we are talking, especially, about, the business sector in Romania. This evolution of expectations for the social role of universities has resulted from increased and recent interest in entrepreneurship and innovation of areas as research and theory of the business environment. The experience gained as teachers indicates that education and entrepreneurship education should include different theories and methodology than those applied in the usual way. The theory of traditional management and microeconomic models could even be a barrier to new thinking and change and, therefore, to the implementation of modern entrepreneurial actions. We want this article to be a source of inspiration for educational institutions and to have a positive contribution to research in business education and to be applicable in business decision-making.

El Prestige: comparativa de los regímenes internacionales de responsabilidad civil

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Raquel Fernández González ◽  
Marcos Íñigo Pérez Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
New Institutional Economics ◽  
Rigorous Analysis ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Civil Responsibility ◽  
The One ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Prestige

The return of institutions to the main research agenda has highlighted the importance of rules in economic analysis. The New Institutional Economics has allowed a better understanding of the case studies that concern different areas of knowledge, also the one concerning the management of natural resources. In this article, the institutional analysis focuses on the maritime domain, where two large civil liability regimes for pollution coexist (OPA 90-IMO), each in a different geographical area (United States - Europe). Therefore, a comparative analysis is made between the two large regimes of civil responsibility assignment applying them to the Prestige catastrophe. In this way, the allocation and distribution of responsibilities in the investigation and subsequent judicial process of the Prestige is compared with an alternative scenario in which the applicable compensation instruments are governed by the provisions of the Oil Polution Act of 1990 (OPA 90), in order to establish a rigorous analysis on the effects that the different norms can have in the same scenario. In the comparative established in the case of the Prestige, where the responsibilities were solved very slowly in a judicial process with high transaction costs, the application of rules governed by the OPA 90 would not count with such a high degree of imperfection. This is so, since by applying the preponderance of the evidence existing in OPA 90 there would be no mitigation for the presumed culprits. On the other hand, the agents involved in the sinking would not be limited only to the owner, but also that operators or shipowners would be responsible as well. In addition, the amount of compensation would increase when counting in the damage count the personal damages, the taxes without perceiving and the ecological damage caused in a broad sense, damages not computable in the IMO.

When Political Transitions Work

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanie du Toit
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
Political Transitions ◽  
Political Reconciliation ◽  
Peace Processes ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
African Experience ◽  
The One

Reconciliation emphasizes relationships as a crucial ingredient of political transition; this book argues for the importance of such a relational focus in crafting sustainable political transitions. Section I focuses on South Africa’s transition to democracy—how Mandela and De Klerk persuaded skeptical constituencies to commit to political reconciliation, how this proposal gained momentum, and how well the transition resulted in the goal of an inclusive and fair society. In developing a coherent theory of reconciliation to address questions such as these, I explain political reconciliation from three angles and thereby build a concept of reconciliation that corresponds largely with the South African experience. In Section II, these questions lead the discussion beyond South Africa into some of the prominent theoretical approaches to reconciliation in recent times. I develop typologies for three different reconciliation theories: forgiveness, agonism, and social restoration. I conclude in Section III that relationships created through political reconciliation, between leaders as well as between ordinary citizens, are illuminated when understood as an expression of a comprehensive “interdependence” that precedes any formal peace processes between enemies. I argue that linking reconciliation with the acknowledgment of interdependence emphasizes that there is no real alternative to reconciliation if the motivation is the long-term well-being of one’s own community. Without ensuring the conditions in which an enemy can flourish, one’s own community is unlikely to prosper sustainably. This theoretical approach locates the deepest motivation for reconciliation in choosing mutual well-being above the one-sided fight for exclusive survival at the other’s cost.

scholarly journals Infection control measures in times of antimicrobial resistance: a matter of solidarity

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (S1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babette Rump ◽  
Aura Timen ◽  
Marlies Hulscher ◽  
Marcel Verweij
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Additional Benefit ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Compensation Policy ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
The One

AbstractControl measures directed at carriers of multidrug-resistant organisms are traditionally approached as a trade-off between public interests on the one hand and individual autonomy on the other. We propose to reframe the ethical issue and consider control measures directed at carriers an issue of solidarity. Rather than asking “whether it is justified to impose strict measures”, we propose asking “how to best care for a person’s carriership and well-being in ways that do not imply an unacceptable risk for others?”. A solidarity approach could include elevating baseline levels of precaution measures and accepting certain risks in cases where there is exceptionally much at stake. A generous national compensation policy that also covers for costs related to dedicated care is essential in a solidarity approach. An additional benefit of reframing the questions is that it helps to better acknowledge that being subjected to control measures is a highly personal matter.

scholarly journals Individual- and Relationship-Level Factors Related to Better Mental Health Outcomes following Child Abuse: Results from a Nationally Representative Canadian Sample

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 776-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracie O. Afifi ◽  
Harriet L. MacMillan ◽  
Tamara Taillieu ◽  
Sarah Turner ◽  
Kristene Cheung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Abuse History ◽  
Good Mental Health ◽  
Nationally Representative

Objective: Child abuse can have devastating mental health consequences. Fortunately, not all individuals exposed to child abuse will suffer from poor mental health. Understanding what factors are related to good mental health following child abuse can provide evidence to inform prevention of impairment. Our objectives were to 1) describe the prevalence of good, moderate, and poor mental health among respondents with and without a child abuse history; 2) examine the relationships between child abuse and good, moderate, and poor mental health outcomes; 3) examine the relationships between individual- and relationship-level factors and better mental health outcomes; and 4) determine if individual- and relationship-level factors moderate the relationship between child abuse and mental health. Method: Data were from the nationally representative 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health ( n = 23,395; household response rate = 79.8%; 18 years and older). Good, moderate, and poor mental health was assessed using current functioning and well-being, past-year mental disorders, and past-year suicidal ideation. Results: Only 56.3% of respondents with a child abuse history report good mental health compared to 72.4% of those without a child abuse history. Individual- and relationship-level factors associated with better mental health included higher education and income, physical activity, good coping skills to handle problems and daily demands, and supportive relationships that foster attachment, guidance, reliable alliance, social integration, and reassurance of worth. Conclusions: This study identifies several individual- and relationship-level factors that could be targeted for intervention strategies aimed at improving mental health outcomes following child abuse.

Macroeconomic conditions are only an illusion, not the solution, to firm sustainability: unveiling the new dimension of stakeholder well-being

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahid Irshad Younas ◽  
Mahvesh Khan ◽  
Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh Al-Faryan
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The One

Purpose The purpose of the study is to explore the misconception that in developed countries, macroeconomic performance lead to sustainable firms or improves stakeholder well-being. The results may be the opposite or even worse. Design/methodology/approach This study examined this misconception using balanced panel data from 1,122 firms from different sectors of the US economy and data on macroeconomic performance from the World Bank. Findings The results of the one-step generalised method of moments indicate that most macroeconomic performance indicators had significant and negative impacts on firm sustainability and stakeholder well-being. Practical implications From a societal perspective, the results illustrate that the fruits of macroeconomic performance of the US economy do not reach stakeholders through firms’ sustainability. Thus, linking the economy’s macroeconomic performance with firm sustainability is vital for sustainably uplifting society and for stakeholder well-being. Originality/value From a policy perspective, this study reveals that the greater focus on macroeconomic performance in the USA over the past decades has resulted in lower firm sustainability because of the malfunctioning of social, economic, environmental and governance factors. This has negatively influenced stakeholder well-being in the country.

Technological unemployment and the business model of sharing economy in conditions of digitalized economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-225
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Belova
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Technological Unemployment ◽  
The One ◽  
Development Paradigm ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Industrial Revolutions

The article traces the impact of innovation on employment and workers income during industrial revolutions. The aim of the study is to identify the business model that contributes to improving the well-being and reducing negative impact of innovative transformations on employees. To achieve this goal, we analyze: the conceptions of industrial revolutions; the “Engels pause”, which arose during the First Industrial Revolution as a “surge” in inequality due to the contradiction between productivity growth and profit, on the one hand, and the stagnation of workers’ real incomes, on the other; the effect of replacing manual labor with automated one; the problems of technological unemployment; the digital business model of sharing economy. The findings report conclusions concerning the change in economic development paradigm as a result of the replacement of classical consumption models by sharing economy business model, on the prospects of the sharing economy business model in the context of its ability to solve employment problems, overcome technological unemployment and increase employees’ income. The achieved results can be useful for policymakers and corporate structures that design innovative development strategies.

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