scholarly journals Theatre and Democracy: Building Democracy in Post-war and Post-democratic Contexts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heli Altonen ◽  
Vigdis Aune ◽  
Kathy Barolsky ◽  
Ellen Foyn Bruun ◽  
Nanna Edvartsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Theatre Education ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Applied Theatre ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Post War ◽  
Performance Activism ◽  
Culture Development ◽  
Democracy Building

Theatre and Democracy: Building Democracy in Post-war and Post-democratic Contexts is the outcome of a longstanding collaboration between two centers of applied theatre education and research in South-Africa and Norway, respectively (2017–2022). It presents knowledge, critical conversations and artistic work related to issues of democracy, both historical and contemporary. Within the global framework of our current (post)democracies, thirteen chapters contain stories and analyses from artists and researchers who all study, understand and facilitate theatre as a political-performative medium in dealing with community-specific democratic issues. The reader encounters studies and reports from specific cases of applied theatre, community culture development and performance activism in countries such as South-Africa, Pakistan, Zimbabwe and Norway. There is a common interest in theatre as a platform for active citizenry, as well as several attempts to explore theatre as a platform for “political subjectivation” (Rancière).

scholarly journals A standardized protocol for the comprehensive assessment of dental hygiene work

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Shawn C. Roll ◽  
Mark E. Hardison ◽  
Jane L. Forrest ◽  
Nikki L. Colclazier ◽  
Joyce Y. Sumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Hygiene ◽  
Dental Hygienists ◽  
Engineering Controls ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Coding Scheme ◽  
Video Acquisition ◽  
Standardized Protocol ◽  
Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Observation Protocol

BACKGROUND: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are prevalent in dental hygienists. Although engineering controls and ergonomic training is available, it is unclear why this intransigent problem continues. One possible barrier is that a comprehensive, standardized protocol for evaluating dental hygiene work does not exist. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to generate a valid and reliable observational protocol for the assessment of dental hygiene work. METHODS: An iterative process was used to establish and refine an ecologically valid video acquisition and observation protocol to assess key activities, tasks, and performance components of dental hygiene work. RESULTS: Good inter-rater reliability was achieved across all variables when the final coding scheme was completed by three independent raters. CONCLUSIONS: This work provides an exemplar of the process required to generate a comprehensive protocol for evaluating the work components of a particular job, and provides standardized nomenclature for use by scientists and practitioners interested in understanding and addressing the pervasive issue of work-related disorders in dental hygienists.

Exposure aboard high-performance Marine craft increases musculoskeletal pain and lowers contemporary work capacity of the occupants

2020 ◽  
pp. 147509022098146
Author(s):  
Manudul Pahansen de Alwis ◽  
Riccardo LoMartire ◽  
Björn O Äng ◽  
Karl Garme
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Performance Degradation ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Exposure Conditions

High-Performance Marine Craft (HPMC) occupants are currently being investigated for various psychophysical impairments degrading work performance postulating that these deteriorations are related to their occupational exposures. However, scientific evidence for this is lacking and the association of exposure conditions aboard HPMC with adverse health and performance effects is unknown. Therefore, the study estimates the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain (MSP) among HPMC occupants and the association of their work exposure with MSP and performance degradation. It also presents a criterion for evaluating the self-reported exposure severity aboard three different types of mono-hull HPMC; displacement, semi-displacement and planing, on a par with the available standard criteria for objectively measurable exposures. Furthermore, another criterion is proposed to assess the performance-degradation of HPMC occupants based on self-reported fatigue symptoms and MSP. Swedish Coast Guard HPMC occupants were surveyed for MSP, fatigue symptoms as well as for work-related and individual risk indicators using a validated web-based questionnaire. Prevalence of MSP and performance-degradation during the past 12 months were assessed and presented as a percentage of the sample. Associations of exposure conditions aboard HPMC with MSP and performance-capacity were systematically evaluated using multiple logistic regression models and expressed as odds ratio (OR). Prevalence of MSP was 72% among which lower back pain was the most prevalent (46%) followed by neck pain (29%) and shoulder pain (23%) while 29% with degraded performance. Exposure to severe conditions aboard semi-displacement craft was associated with lower back (OR = 2.3) and shoulder (OR = 2.6) pain while severe conditions aboard planing craft with neck pain (OR = 2.3) and performance-degradation (OR = 2.6). MSP is common among Swedish coast guards. Severe exposure conditions aboard HPMC are significantly associated with both MSP and performance-degradation. The spine and shoulders are the most susceptible to work-related MSP among HPMC occupants which should be targeted in work-related preventive and corrective measures.

British Cities versus Apartheid: UK Local Authority Activism as City Diplomacy

Diplomatica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-199
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Cull
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
National Government ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
Margaret Thatcher ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Post War

Abstract This essay considers the phenomenon of British local authorities mobilizing to oppose the policies of apartheid in post-war South Africa. Activities include boycott, divestment, twinning agreements, media campaigns, and re-naming/memorialization. The activity is placed in the context of a transnational anti-apartheid network overseen by the United Nations organization. The campaign is shown to be inversely related the level of national government activity and especially associated with opposition to Margaret Thatcher and her government.

Western Religion in the Long 1960s

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-831
Author(s):  
HUGH MCLEOD
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Roman Catholic Church ◽  
Religious Revival ◽  
Protestant Churches ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Post War ◽  
American Society

The Yale church historian, Sydney Ahlstrom, had just emerged somewhat dazed from the Sixties when he reviewed the religious trajectory of the United States during that decade. He wrote that by 1966 it was clear that ‘the post-war religious revival had completely frittered out, that the nation was moving towards a crise de la conscience of unprecedented depth’. As well as a ‘growing attachment to naturalism and “secularism”’ he mentioned ‘a creeping or galloping awareness of vast contradictions in American life between profession and performance, the ideal and the actual’ and ‘increasing doubt concerning the capacity of present-day ecclesiastical, political, social and educational institutions to rectify these contradictions’. As Ahlstrom made clear in a later essay, he saw the crisis faced both by the Roman Catholic Church and by the ‘mainline’ Protestant Churches as part of a wider loss of ‘confidence or hope’ in American society and a passing away of ‘the certitudes that had always shaped the nation's well-being and sense of destiny’.

scholarly journals An Alderfer perspective of the higher education restructuring in South Africa

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Arnolds
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Peer Relations ◽  
Employee Motivation ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Organisational Commitment ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

The consequences of the restructuring of higher education in South Africa have not yet been thoroughly investigated. This study investigates the impact of the abovementioned restructuring on employee motivation (as measured by Alderfer’s ERG theory), organisational commitment and job performance. The results show that the respondents exhibit low levels of organisational commitment and low satisfaction with monetary remuneration and fringe benefits. The results, however, show high levels of satisfaction with growth factors, peer relations and performance intentions. These results are interpreted in the light of the multiple regression analyses conducted of the interrelationships among the variables. Opsomming Die nagevolge van die herkonstruksie van hër-onderwys in Suid-Afrika is nog nie deeglik ondersoek nie. Hierdie studie ondersoek die invloed wat bogenoemde rekonstruksie op die motivering (soos gemeet deur Alderfer se teorie), organisatories toegewydheid en werksprestasie van werknemers het. Die resultate toon dat die respondente lae vlakke van organisatoriese toegewydheid en lae tevredenheid ten opsigte van monetêre beloning en byvoordele tentoonstel. Die resultate toon egter hoë vlakke van tevredenheid in soverre groeifaktore, kollegiale verhoudinge en werkprestasievoornemens betref. Hierdie resultate word vertolk teen die agtergrond van veelvoudige regressie-analises wat op die inderlinge verwantskappe tussen die veranderlikes uitgevoer is.

scholarly journals Strategic positioning of EAP in South African workplaces

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Matlhape
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Employee Satisfaction ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Employee Assistance ◽  
Strategic Positioning ◽  
And Performance ◽  
A Company

Two phenomena are having a profound effect on management and industry in the 21st century. The first one is the increasing rate and depth of competition locally, regionally, and globally, and the consequent increase in focus on achieving competitiveness by companies. The second phenomenon is the increasing appreciation of the importance of employees in assisting the company to gain a competitive advantage over its competitors. Employee Assistance Programmes have been used as part of the business strategy to enhance employee functioning, loyalty, and performance in organisations around the world for a good part of the 20th century. In South Africa this service did not gain much momentum until the 1980. Despite the growth of EAP in South Africa, however, in most cases it still remains on the periphery of real business activities and is often regarded as a "nice to have" rather than as a business imperative. The location of EAP within a company is very important in determining its impact within the organisation. Because of EAPs capacity to impact on both individual employees and the organisation as its primary client, it has potential to make a great impact in organisations' business processes, where these interface with individual output and wellbeing. A service-profit-chain model was introduced as a link between employee satisfaction and company profitability. This article gives an in-depth focus on EAP and the important role it can play in achieving employee satisfaction.

scholarly journals Exploring the causes of stress and coping with it amongst doctoral level students: Highlighting the importance of information collection and management

2016 ◽  
pp. 19-39
Author(s):  
Sheikh Usman Yousaf ◽  
Bushra Usman ◽  
Muhammad Akram
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Information Collection ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Doctoral Level ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Information Ambiguity

Stress may hinder the efficiency and performance of individuals. However, little attention has been given to academic stress especially stress experienced by doctoral level university students. Understanding and comprehending the causes of their stress and relevant coping strategies is indeed essential for their better performance. Hence, to address this gap, the purpose of the study was to explore the stressors produced by academic environment and the stress coping strategies adopted by doctoral scholars. Unit of analysis were the individuals enrolled in doctoral studies at the Business School of University Kebangsaan, Malaysia. In-depth analysis of eight doctoral level students revealed that they, in general, share the same experiences and adopt similar coping strategies as were reported to have been experienced and adopted by students of other disciplines (i.e., nursing or psychology students). However, a lack of ability to manage information, information ambiguity and ambiguity regarding quality of one's own work emerged as the major stressors in this study, which have not previously been commonly highlighted by past researches. This study, therefore, reveals that information collection, scarcity of information resources, information ambiguity and work related ambiguity are major stressors for doctoral students. Further, it is also identified that social support, problem diversion, effective information management and time management are significant stress coping techniques. The implications and future recommendation are also discussed in the paper.

scholarly journals CEO compensation and performance of state owned enterprises in South Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Ngwenya ◽  
Mahlomolo Khumalo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Ceo Compensation ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Total Revenue ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Base Salary ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

The study investigates the relationship between CEO compensation and performance of State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in South Africa, using data for the period 2009 to 2011. The results indicated that there exist no positive relationship between CEO compensation and SOEs performance as measured by return on assets. The results also indicated a positive relationship between CEO compensation (base salary) and the size of SOEs as measured by total revenue and number of employees. The results suggest that board members of SOEs in South Africa should hold CEOs accountable for the performance of SOEs, and should not pay huge salaries and bonuses to non performing CEOs.

scholarly journals Corporate governance and performance of listed commercial banks in South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 677-687
Author(s):  
Sam Ngwenya
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Directors ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Relationship

The global financial crisis of 2008 that resulted in the collapse of many financial institutions in the United States (US) and Europe have resulted in debates over the failures of corporate governance structures to properly protect investors. The main objective of the study was to determine the relationship between corporate governance and performance of listed commercial banks in South Africa. The results of the study indicated a statistically positive significant relationship between board size, proportion of non-independent and non-executive directors and bank performance. The results of the rest of the corporate governance indicators are mixed when using different performance measurement variables.

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