scholarly journals DEPRESSION - TYPES AND TREATMENT OF DEPRESSION

10.23856/3216 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
Bartosz Wanot ◽  
Barbara Szczygieł ◽  
Wojciech Wanot ◽  
Mariana Magerčiaková
Keyword(s):  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Selective Serotonin ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Winter Depression ◽  
Noradrenaline Reuptake ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Oxidase Enzyme ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
New Generation

The key symptom of depression is lowering the mood, but this is not the only sign of depression. Depression is a disease in which the symptoms reach various intensities and occur in many configurations. We distinguish the following types of depression: reactive, endogenous, neurotic, anankastic, agitated, large and small, morning (subclinical and subliminal), seasonal, masked, psychotic, postpartum, drug resistant, in children and adolescents, in the elderly, involutional, organic , in bipolar disorder, dysthymia, depression and anxiety, and in somatic diseases. Psychotherapy is now a popular and effective method of treating depression. The effects of treatment after the use of antidepressants appear only after a few weeks from the beginning of therapy. Old-generation medicines: these are tricyclic antidepressants (TLPDs), inhibitors of neuromediator reuptake and monoamine oxidase enzyme (IMAO) inhibitors. The new generation of drugs is distinguished by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), selective serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), four-ring drugs, noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors, selective reversible MAO inhibitors, and drugs with other mechanisms of action. Phototherapy (treatment of light) is currently a widely accepted method of winter depression therapy. Other treatments for depression include electroconvulsive therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Severe Hyponatraemia Associated with Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 147-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.C. Taylor ◽  
J.G. McConnell
Keyword(s):  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Selective Serotonin ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Specialist Referral ◽  
Severe Hyponatraemia ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

Depression in the elderly is a common problem, cited as occurring in up to 10% of elderly people living at home, half of whom may need specialist referral.1 The introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors has been reported as a major advance in the treatment of depression in that they are less sedating, have fewer anticholinergic effects and are less toxic in overdose.2 We report three cases of severe hyponatraemia, seen in the past 12 months, associated with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors fluoxetine and sertraline. Hyponatraemia has been reported as a rare adverse effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.3,4

scholarly journals The Use of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors during Pregnancy and Lactation: Current Knowledge

2000 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaila Misri ◽  
Demetra Kostaras ◽  
Xanthoula Kostaras
Keyword(s):  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Selective Serotonin ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Low Levels

This article reviews the effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class of antidepressants in pregnant and lactating women for the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders. An examination of the literature was conducted using Medline (1966 to present). Despite methodological concerns and the scarcity of data on this important subject, the majority of recent investigations demonstrate safety of the fetus exposed to SSRIs during pregnancy. All of the SSRIs reported in the studies are excreted into breast milk, and low levels have been found in infant serum. The implications of this for practice include identifying the effects of treatment versus nontreatment on the mother–infant dyad. Further research must examine long-term neurobehavioural teratogenicity in exposed infants.

Clinical comparison of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the treatment of geriatric depression: a review of literature

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Marc Patel
Keyword(s):  
Side Effect ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Selective Serotonin ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
First Choice

IntroductionWith their ease of administration, relatively benign side-effect profile and safety in overdose, in the United States the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have become de facto first choice in the treatment of geriatric depression, displacing tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). In this paper, the relevant literature regarding neurochemistry, kinetics, dosing, efficacy and differential side-effect profiles of citalopram, fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, sertraline, and paroxetine, the five currently available SSRIs in the USA, will be reviewed with special emphasis on geriatric data. Of late, considerable controversy has been generated regarding whether SSRIs are as effective as TCAs in severe and melancholic depressive subtypes. This important issue will be explored and the relative utility of all the SSRIs in the elderly patient compared and contrasted. Finally, reasons for difficulties in comparing results across studies will be elucidated.

Recent Developments in Geriatric Psychopharmacotherapy

1994 ◽  
Vol 39 (8_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair J. Flint
Keyword(s):  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Psychiatric Complications

This paper highlights recent advances in the pharmacological management of geriatric affective disorders and dementia. The current roles of tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) in the treatment of depression in old age are discussed. Recent findings pertaining to continuation and maintenance of antidepressant treatment are also addressed. The treatment of bipolar affective disorder in the elderly has received much less study than has unipolar depression. A number of issues relating to efficacy, side-effects and optimal blood levels of lithium, carbamazepine and valproate in bipolar disorder remain unresolved and await further study. Finally, drug treatment of the cognitive impairment and psychiatric complications of Alzheimer's disease is reviewed.

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