scholarly journals Elevated Cyclic Stretch Induces Aortic Valve Calcification in a Bone Morphogenic Protein-Dependent Manner

2010 ◽  
Vol 177 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartik Balachandran ◽  
Philippe Sucosky ◽  
Hanjoong Jo ◽  
Ajit P. Yoganathan
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Bone Morphogenic Protein ◽  
Cyclic Stretch ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aortic Valve Calcification ◽  
Valve Calcification

The Congenital Bicuspid Aortic Valve Can Experience Fluid Shear Stresses Associated With Sclerosis

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choon Hwai Yap ◽  
Neelakantan Saikrishnan ◽  
Swetha Rathan ◽  
Gowthami Tamilselvan ◽  
Nikolay V. Vasilyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aortic Valve Calcification ◽  
Fluid Shear ◽  
Valve Calcification ◽  
Mechanical Environment ◽  
High Prevalence

Aortic valve calcification is a degenerative disease with high prevalence, especially amongst the elderly, and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Ex vivo experiments has shown that aortic valve leaflets are sensitive to their mechanical environment in a magnitude dependent manner. Fluid shear stresses, specifically, has been shown to affect inflammatory and remodeling responses relevant to aortic valve calcification [1,2].

Fluid Shear Stress Characteristics of the Ventricular Surface Versus the Aortic Surface of the Aortic Valve: An In Vitro Study

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choon Hwai Yap ◽  
Neelakantan Saikrishnan ◽  
Gowthami Tamilselvan ◽  
Ajit P. Yoganathan
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Fluid Shear Stress ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aortic Valve Calcification ◽  
Fluid Shear ◽  
Valve Calcification ◽  
Ventricular Surface

Aortic valve calcification is a degenerative disease with high prevalence, especially amongst the elderly, and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Ex vivo experiments has shown that aortic valve leaflets are sensitive to their mechanical environment in a magnitude dependent manner. Fluid shear stresses, specifically, has been shown to affect inflammatory and remodeling responses relevant to aortic valve calcification [1,2]. Consequently, it has been proposed that the phenomenon of diseased calcium nodules developing exclusively on the aortic surface as opposed to the ventricular surface is due to the exposure of the aortic surface to disturbed shear stresses, whereas undisturbed shear stresses on the ventricular surface do not trigger calcification [3,4]. Additionally, it has been observed that the non-coronary leaflet of the AV is more susceptible to calcification, which is hypothesized to be due to reduced shear stresses from the lack of diastolic coronary flow [5].

scholarly journals Aortic Valve Calcification is Associated with Future Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hojune E. Chung ◽  
Jessica Chen ◽  
Dhairyasheel Ghosalkar ◽  
Jared L. Christensen ◽  
Alice J. Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Event Analysis ◽  
Aortic Valve Calcification ◽  
Valve Calcification ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
New Diagnosis

Background: While an association between atherosclerosis and dementia has been identified, few studies have assessed the longitudinal relationship between aortic valve calcification (AVC) and cognitive impairment (CI). Objective: We sought to determine whether AVC derived from lung cancer screening CT (LCSCT) was associated with CI in a moderate-to-high atherosclerotic risk cohort. Methods: This was a single site, retrospective analysis of 1401 U.S. veterans (65 years [IQI: 61, 68] years; 97%male) who underwent quantification of AVC from LCSCT indicated for smoking history. The primary outcome was new diagnosis of CI identified by objective testing (Mini-Mental Status Exam or Montreal Cognitive Assessment) or by ICD coding. Time-to-event analysis was carried out using AVC as a continuous variable. Results: Over 5 years, 110 patients (8%) were diagnosed with CI. AVC was associated with new diagnosis of CI using 3 Models for adjustment: 1) age (HR: 1.104; CI: 1.023–1.191; p = 0.011); 2) Model 1 plus hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, CKD stage 3 or higher (glomerular filtration rate <  60 mL/min) and CAD (HR: 1.097; CI: 1.014–1.186; p = 0.020); and 3) Model 2 plus CVA (HR: 1.094; CI: 1.011–1.182; p = 0.024). Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the association between AVC and new diagnosis of CI remained significant upon exclusion of severe AVC (HR: 1.100 [1.013–1.194]; p = 0.023). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that this association remained significant when including education in the multivariate analysis (HR: 1.127 [1.030–1.233]; p = 0.009). Conclusion: This is the first study demonstrating that among mostly male individuals who underwent LCSCT, quantified aortic valve calcification is associated with new diagnosis of CI.

Synthetic Hydrogels Reveal the Role of the Matrix Microenvironment on Aortic Valve Calcification

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (sup1) ◽  
pp. 73-73
Author(s):  
Megan E. Schroeder ◽  
Andrea Gonzalez Rodriguez ◽  
Kelly F. Speckl ◽  
Cierra J. Walker ◽  
Firaol S. Midekssa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Calcification ◽  
Valve Calcification ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Synthetic Hydrogels
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