scholarly journals Effects of single-trial averaging on spatial extent of brain activation detected by fMRI are subject and task dependent

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
SY Fang ◽  
JJ Wang ◽  
YY Hsu ◽  
YL Wan ◽  
YY Wai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activation ◽  
Spatial Extent ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
And Task

scholarly journals Algebra dissociates from arithmetic in the brain semantic network

2022 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dazhi Cheng ◽  
Mengyi Li ◽  
Jiaxin Cui ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Naiyi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Supplementary Motor Area ◽  
Semantic Network ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Motor Area ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
Positive Functional ◽  
Brain Behavior ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background Mathematical expressions mainly include arithmetic (such as 8 − (1 + 3)) and algebra (such as a − (b + c)). Previous studies have shown that both algebraic processing and arithmetic involved the bilateral parietal brain regions. Although previous studies have revealed that algebra was dissociated from arithmetic, the neural bases of the dissociation between algebraic processing and arithmetic is still unclear. The present study uses functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify the specific brain networks for algebraic and arithmetic processing. Methods Using fMRI, this study scanned 30 undergraduates and directly compared the brain activation during algebra and arithmetic. Brain activations, single-trial (item-wise) interindividual correlation and mean-trial interindividual correlation related to algebra processing were compared with those related to arithmetic. The functional connectivity was analyzed by a seed-based region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI analysis. Results Brain activation analyses showed that algebra elicited greater activation in the angular gyrus and arithmetic elicited greater activation in the bilateral supplementary motor area, left insula, and left inferior parietal lobule. Interindividual single-trial brain-behavior correlation revealed significant brain-behavior correlations in the semantic network, including the middle temporal gyri, inferior frontal gyri, dorsomedial prefrontal cortices, and left angular gyrus, for algebra. For arithmetic, the significant brain-behavior correlations were located in the phonological network, including the precentral gyrus and supplementary motor area, and in the visuospatial network, including the bilateral superior parietal lobules. For algebra, significant positive functional connectivity was observed between the visuospatial network and semantic network, whereas for arithmetic, significant positive functional connectivity was observed only between the visuospatial network and phonological network. Conclusion These findings suggest that algebra relies on the semantic network and conversely, arithmetic relies on the phonological and visuospatial networks.

NMDA Receptor Antagonist Ketamine Produces Opposing Effects on Resting and Task-Related Brain Activation During Working Memory in Humans

NeuroImage ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. S145
Author(s):  
N.R. Driesen ◽  
G. McCarthy ◽  
Z. Bhagwagar ◽  
V.D. Calhoun ◽  
D.C. D'Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Nmda Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Opposing Effects ◽  
And Task

Broadband High Gamma Activity as a Feature of Single Trial Brain Activation

NeuroImage ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. S171
Author(s):  
J.S. Gehring ◽  
J. Wentlandt ◽  
I. Mutschler ◽  
A. Schulze-Bonhage ◽  
A. Aertsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activation ◽  
Gamma Activity ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
High Gamma

Influence of SNR on Statistical Analysis of Spatial Extent of Brain activation Measured by Multi-Spectral imaging

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naotaka Sakashita ◽  
Koichiro Sakaguchi ◽  
Satoshi Matsuo ◽  
Haruka Nakayama ◽  
Takushige Katsura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Spectral Imaging ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Spatial Extent

scholarly journals Task-related multivariate activation states during task-free rest

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Chen ◽  
Takuya Ito ◽  
Kaustubh R. Kulkarni ◽  
Michael W. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Rich Variety ◽  
Activation Dynamics ◽  
Brain Activation Pattern ◽  
Brain States ◽  
And Task

AbstractMuch of our lives are spent in unconstrained rest states, yet cognitive brain processes are primarily investigated using task-constrained states. It may be possible to utilize the insights gained from experimental control of task processes as reference points for investigating unconstrained rest. To facilitate comparison of rest and task functional MRI (fMRI) data we focused on activation amplitude patterns, commonly used for task but not rest analyses. During rest, we identified spontaneous changes in temporally extended whole-brain activation pattern states. This revealed a hierarchical organization of rest states. The top consisted of two competing states consistent with previously identified “task-positive” and “task-negative” activation patterns. These states were composed of more specific states that repeated over time and across individuals. Contrasting with the view that rest consists of only task-negative states, task-positive states occurred 40% of the time while individuals “rested,” suggesting task-focused activity occurs during rest. Further, analysis of task data revealed a similar hierarchical structure of brain states. Together these results suggest brain activation dynamics form a general hierarchy across task and rest, with a small number of dominant general states reflecting basic functional modes and a variety of specific states likely reflecting a rich variety of cognitive processes.

scholarly journals Predicting Individual Variability in Task-Evoked Brain Activity in Schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niv Tik ◽  
Abigail Livny ◽  
Shachar Gal ◽  
Karny Gigi ◽  
Galia Tsarfaty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Successful Prediction ◽  
And Task

AbstractBACKGROUNDPatients suffering from schizophrenia demonstrate abnormal brain activity, as well as alterations in patterns of functional connectivity assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Previous studies in healthy participants suggest a strong association between resting-state functional connectivity and task-evoked brain activity that could be detected at an individual level, and show that brain activation in various tasks could be predicted from task-free fMRI scans. In the current study we aimed to predict brain activity in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, using a prediction model based on healthy individuals exclusively. This offers novel insights regarding the interrelations between brain connectivity and activity in schizophrenia.METHODSWe generated a prediction model using a group of 80 healthy controls that performed the well-validated N-back task, and used it to predict individual variability in task-evoked brain activation in 20 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia.RESULTSWe demonstrated a successful prediction of individual variability in the task-evoked brain activation based on resting-state functional connectivity. The predictions were highly sensitive, reflected by high correlations between predicted and actual activation maps (Median = 0.589, SD = 0.193) and specific, evaluated by a Kolomogrov-Smirnov test (D = 0.25, p < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONSA Successful prediction of brain activity from resting-state functional connectivity highlights the strong coupling between the two. Moreover, our results support the notion that even though resting-state functional connectivity and task-evoked brain activity are frequently reported to be altered in schizophrenia, the relations between them remains unaffected. This may allow to generate task activity maps for clinical populations without the need the actually perform the task.

scholarly journals Algebra dissociates from arithmetic in the brain semantic network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dazhi Cheng ◽  
Mengyi Li ◽  
Naiyi Wang ◽  
Liangyuan Ouyang ◽  
Xinlin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Supplementary Motor Area ◽  
Semantic Network ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Motor Area ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
Brain Behavior ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background Mathematical expressions mainly include arithmetic (such as 8 − (1 + 3)) and algebraic expressions (such as a − (b + c)). Previous studies shown that both algebraic processing and arithmetic involved the bilateral parietal brain regions. Although behavioral and neuropsychological studies have revealed the dissociation between algebra and arithmetic, how algebraic processing is dissociated from arithmetic in brain networks is still unclear. Methods Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), this study scanned 30 undergraduates and directly compared the brain activation during algebra and arithmetic. Brain activations, single-trial (item-wise) interindividual correlation and mean-trial interindividual correlation related to algebra processing were compared with those related to arithmetic. Results Brain activation analyses showed that algebra elicited greater activation in the angular gyrus and arithmetic elicited greater activation in the bilateral supplementary motor area, left insula, and left inferior parietal lobule. Interindividual single-trial brain-behavior correlation revealed significant brain-behavior correlations in the semantic network, including the middle temporal gyri, inferior frontal gyri, dorsomedial prefrontal cortices, and left angular gyrus, for algebra. For arithmetic, the significant brain-behavior correlations were located in the phonological network, including the precentral gyrus and supplementary motor area, and in the visuospatial network, including the bilateral superior parietal lobules. Conclusion These findings suggest that algebra relies on the semantic network and arithmetic relies on the phonological and visuospatial networks.

Variability of single trial brain activation predicts fluctuations in reaction time

2015 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 50-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Bender ◽  
Tobias Banaschewski ◽  
Veit Roessner ◽  
Christoph Klein ◽  
Marcella Rietschel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Single Trial

Non-invasive single-trial monitoring of human movement-related brain activation based on DC-magnetoencephalography

Neuroreport ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1689-1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno-Marcel Mackert ◽  
Gerd Wübbeler ◽  
Stefanie Leistner ◽  
Lutz Trahms ◽  
Gabriel Curio
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activation ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Trial Monitoring
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