Marginal Adaptation of Direct Class II Composite Restorations with Different Cavity Liners

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. E210-E220 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Pecie ◽  
I Onisor ◽  
I Krejci ◽  
T Bortolotto
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Shrinkage Stress ◽  
Marginal Adaptation ◽  
Composite Restorations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group D

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate how cavity linings with different elastic modulus can influence the marginal adaptation (MA) of Class II composite restorations before and after thermo-mechanical loading. Materials and Methods: Forty Class II cavities with margins extending 1 mm below the cement-enamel junction were prepared in extracted human third molars. In each group except the control group, a lining material of 1-mm thickness was applied to the bottom of the cavity and polymerized before placing the resin composite Herculite XRV Ultra (group A: control; group B: Premise Flowable lining; group C: Herculite XRV Ultra lining; and group D: Optibond FL lining). MA was evaluated (with a scanning electron microscope) before and after loading (200,000 loading cycles). Statistical analysis was done using the Shapiro-Wilks test, the analysis of variance test, and Duncan post hoc test at p<0.05. Results: Before loading, the percentages of continuous margins in dentin were superior (p<0.05) for groups C and D (71.1% and 87.2%, respectively) compared to groups A and B (55.7% and 48.3%, respectively). After loading, group D (79.8%) was statistically superior in dentin compared to all of the other groups (43.6%, 35.9%, and 54.4%, respectively). In occlusal enamel, no significant difference was found between groups. The percentage of enamel fractures and the percentage of noncontinuous margins in proximal enamel were high, with no significant difference between liners. It can be concluded that for the materials used in this study, a 1-mm-thick lining with an extremely low elastic modulus (2-3 GPa) could redistribute shrinkage stress. The use of a flowable composite did not significantly improve MA.

In Vitro Evaluation of Marginal Adaptation of Direct Class II Composite Restorations Made of Different “Low-Shrinkage” Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Shahidi ◽  
I Krejci ◽  
D Dietschi
Keyword(s):  
Resin Composite ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Eccentric Load ◽  
Composite Restorations ◽  
Perfect Adaptation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A

SUMMARY The present study evaluated the influence of various low-shrinkage restorative systems in class II direct composite restorations following simulated occlusal loading. Forty MOD class II cavities were prepared on freshly extracted human lower third molars with proximal margins located mesially 1.0 mm coronal to and distally 1 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction. The samples were randomly distributed into five experimental groups corresponding to the following restorative systems: a conventional resin composite (Tetric) as active control group, a low-shrinkage composite (Extra Low Shrinkage [ELS]) alone or combined with its corresponding flowable version (ELSflow) used as a 1- to 1.5-mm liner, a bulk-filling flowable composite (Surefil SDR) covered by a 1-mm layer of restorative composite (Ceram-X), and a restorative bulk-filling composite (SonicFill). All specimens were submitted to 1,000,000 cycles with a 100N eccentric load into saline. Tooth restoration margins were analyzed semiquantitatively by scanning electron microscopy before and after loading. The percentage of perfect adaptation to enamel varied from 94.15% (SonicFill) to 100% (ELS) before loading and from 69.22% (SonicFill) to 93.61% (ELS and ELSflow) after loading. Continuous adaptation to cervical dentin varied from 22.9% (Tetric) to 79.48% (SDR/Ceram-X) before loading and from 18.66% (Tetric) to 56.84% (SDR/Ceram-X) after loading. SDR/CeramX and SonicFill showed the best cervical dentin adaptation.

scholarly journals Pelvic Sagittal Rotation in Patients With Hip Joint Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
haizhao wu ◽  
zhongyi chen ◽  
shouli wang ◽  
zhong zhu ◽  
jiajing ye
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Flexion Contracture ◽  
Motion Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Lumbar Range Of Motion ◽  
Hip Flexion ◽  
Group D

Abstract Objective: The functional orientation of the acetabular cup depends on the pelvic orientation when standing. Therefore, predicting the standing orientation of the pelvis after total hip arthroplasty( THA )is important to the preoperative plan. This study aimed to explore the rule suitable for different categories of patients.Methods: A total of 262 patients who had undergone hip arthroplasty in our hospital from 2011 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the spine and hip joint, they were divided into 5 categories: no flexion contracture of the hip joint - good lumbar range of motion (group A); no flexion contracture of the hip joint - limited lumbar motion (group B: B1, tanterior pelvic plane tilt (APPt)>0 °; B2, APPt<0 °); hip flexion contracture - good lumbar range of motion (group C); and hip flexion contracture - limited lumbar motion (group D). Changes of the pelvic sagittal parameter before and after THA were analyzed. Results: In group A, there was no significant difference in pelvic incidence (PI) and sagittal vertical axia (SVA) between preoperation and postoperation (P>0.05), but the mean value of sacral slope (SS) (from 44.99 °to 40.50 °), lumbar lordosis( LL) (from 51.42 to 47.45), pelvic tilt (PT) (from 8.71 °to 11.91°), and tanterior pelvic plane tilt (APPt) (from 4.5 °to 1.27 °) had statistic difference (P<0.05); In group B1 and B2, PI, SVA, SS, PT, LL, and APPt had no significant difference before and after operation (P>0.05); In group C, significant difference was not observed in PI (P>0.05), but found (P<0.05) in LL (from 52.17° to 43.43°), SS(44.90° to 38.34°), PT (from 5.70° to 13.36°), APPt (from 9.18° to 2.18°), and SVA (from 3.46cm to 1.16cm). In group D: the pelvis was in supination state before and after operation, and the spine sagittal position was imbalanced. Neither was there significant difference in SVA, PI, SVA, SS, ll and APPt between preoperation and postoperation (P>0.05). In addition, Harris scores of different groups changed accordingly. Conclusion: The sagittal rotation of the pelvis caused by different conditions of the spine-hip has a certain change law after total hip arthroplasty.

scholarly journals Shashen-Maidong Decoction-Mediated IFN-γ and IL-4 on the Regulation of Th1/Th2 Imbalance in RP Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yuan Yang ◽  
Yanping Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Relative Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Objective. Studying correlative changes of Th1/Th2 (Th, Helper T cells) related factor Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and Interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the progression of radiation pneumonia (RP) rats and the efficacy of Shashen-Maidong decoction on these indexes to explore the immune mechanism of the decoction on the prevention and treatment of RP. Methods. Male 60 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups. In addition to the normal control group taking saline, the other rats were set up RP model treated with Shashen-Maidong decoction or dexamethasone (DXM), respectively. The IFN-γ and IL-4 concentrations in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of rats were tested in the 2nd and 4th week after radiation, and the relative ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 was calculated. Results. (1) There was significant difference of serum IL-4 concentrations in group B (p<0.01) and extreme difference in groups C and D (p<0.001) compared with group A in 4th week. Compared with group D, IL-4 concentrations in group B increased significantly in both 2nd and 4th week (p<0.01). Group B had significantly decreased IFN-γ concentrations in BALF (p<0.001) compared with group D in the 4th week. And IFN-γ concentrations in BALF in group B were increased compared with group C in the 4th week (p<0.05). (2) There was no difference of the relative ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 at each time in groups B and A for both serum and BALF, while the ratios in groups C and D in 4th week in BALF were increased (p<0.05) compared to group A. Conclusion. Shashen-Maidong decoction can improve the immune function of RP rats by increasing IFN-γ concentration and decreasing IL-4 concentration, possibly by increasing the relative ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 to regulate the immune imbalance of Th1/Th2.

Comparison between 4 weeks passive static stretching and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation programmes on neuromuscular properties of hamstring muscles: a randomised clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Anelize Cini ◽  
Gabriela Souza de Vasconcelos ◽  
Milena Caumo Soligo ◽  
Cassiele Felappi ◽  
Rodrigo Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Hamstring Muscles ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hip Flexion

Background/aims Studies have shown the efficacy of stretching to increase the hip flexion range of motion but studies regarding its effects are not unanimous about the most efficient technique. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two stretching techniques on the neuromuscular properties of the hamstring muscles. Methods A total of 18 women (aged 24 ± 2.52 years old) participated, and were divided into three groups: a control group, a passive static stretching group and a propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching group. Evaluations of variables of the hamstring muscles were performed before and after the training period. The intervention was carried out for 30 seconds, three times a week for a total of 4 weeks. Results A significant difference was found in the range of motion in the passive static stretching group (pre=80.8° [±11.0] and post=94.5° [±10.2]; t(5)=−3.755; P=0.013) and in concentric torque (passive static stretching group – pre=66.3 Nm [±12.9] and post=70.0 Nm [±8.1]; t(5)=−1.267; P=0.023; propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching group – pre=79.1 Nm [±12.7] and post=83.5 Nm [±11.6]; t(5)=−1.917; P=0.014; control group – pre=71.1 Nm [±10.1] and post=74.1 Nm [±14.6]; t(5)=−1.275; P=0.003). Conclusions Passive static stretching was superior to propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation when comparing the increase range of motion in hip flexion, even without neural and structural changes in hamstring muscles after a 4-week period.

scholarly journals The Effect of Oral Administration of Pistacia Atlantica Kurdica Gum on the Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori in Patients with Dyspepsia: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidollah Afrasiabian ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Imanieh ◽  
Mohammad Ali Nejati ◽  
Alireza Salehi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D ◽  
Common Infections

<p><em>H. pylori</em><strong> </strong>infection is one of the most common infections in the world so that the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial <em>P. Atlantica Kurdica</em> gum in the eradication of <em>H. pylori</em>. This study is a randomized clinical trial; Patients with positive Urea Breath Test and symptoms of dyspepsia were entered. Patients were randomly divided into four groups. Group A: three drugs including 500 mg of Amoxicillin twice a day (bd), Clarithromycin 500 mg bd and Omeprazole 20 mg (bd) and Group B: Group A drugs plus the capsule containing 1 g of powdered <em>P. Atlantica Kurdica </em>gum (bd). In Group C: the capsule containing 1 g of powdered <em>P. Atlantica Kurdica</em> gum (bd) and Group D: this group took placebo-containing capsule (bd) for 14 days respectively. Dyspeptic symptoms before and after healing period and the UBT results two days before the start of treatment and 30 days after the completion were compared in 4 groups. Patients were not statistically significant difference from each other in the four groups regarding the demographic situation. Moreover, <em>H. pylori</em> eradication rate was 19/24 in Group A, 18/24 in Group B, 10/23 in Group C and 2/24 in Group D. Relieving symptoms of dyspepsia in Groups B and C were significantly higher than in Group D (P=0.025 and p=0.006 respectively). <em>P. Atlantica Kurdica</em> significantly led to the treatment of dyspepsia symptoms and <em>H. pylori</em> eradication.</p>

scholarly journals The Effects of Dexmedetomidine on the Cognitive Function of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zhou ◽  
Dongjin Xie ◽  
Ting Chen ◽  
Youguang Gao ◽  
Lanying Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Escape Latency ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inhalation Dose ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Abstract Background: The study sought to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on cognitive function after anesthesia and to examine its actual mechanism. Methods: A total of 48 rats were randomly divided into model Groups A, B, C, or D. Rats in Groups A, B, and C received a hypodermic injection of D-gal with a concentration of 1,000 mg·kg−1·d−1 respectively for 1 week. Group D received the same volume of saline. The Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed within 6 days of the injection. After the behavior test, Group A received an inhalation dose of 2% sevoflurane. Group B received an inhalation dose of 2% sevoflurane and an intraoperative infusion of dexmedetomidine with a concentration of 10 μg·kg−1·h−1. Group C served as the control group and received no treatment. Group D received an inhalation dose of 2% sevoflurane. Results: In relation to the model establishment, we found that there was no significant difference in body weight and swimming speed before and after modeling. There was no statistically significant difference in the escape latency between Groups A, B, C, and D before modeling. After modeling, there was no statistical difference in the escape latency between Groups A, B, and C, but the difference was statistically significant when compared to Group D (P<0.05). In relation to the dexmedetomidine intervention, we found that compared to Group C, MWM test performance in Group A and B was considerably worse (longer escape latencies and fewer platform crossings within 90 seconds), and were more significant in Group A. .Compared with Group D, the levels of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α of the brain homogenates were elevated, and this elevation was highest in Group A, followed by Group B; The pathological changes were consistent with changes in behavioral tests. In group A, there were obvious disorders of glial cell arrangement, apoptosis and deletion. There was no significant change in group D. And the changes of vertebral cells in group B and group C were slight, with orderly arrangement and intact cell structure.Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine inhibits the apoptosis of hippocampal cells and reduces the cognitive dysfunction of rats with MCI induced by D-galactose via the inhibition of the release of inflammatory cytokines.

scholarly journals Nocturia and benign prostatic hyperplasia

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 751-754
Author(s):  
Darko Laketic ◽  
Vesna Laketic
Keyword(s):  
Benign Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Favorable Result ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bothersome Symptom ◽  
Group A ◽  
Benign Prostate

Background/Aim. Nocturia often occurs in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of nocturia in patients with BPH. Nocturia and other factors associated with it were also investigated. Methods. Forty patients with the confirmed diagnosis of BPH were studied. Transurethral and transvesical prostatectomy were performed in all the patients. Symptoms were evaluated with the International Prostate Symptom Score before, as well as three and six months after the surgery. All the results were compared with the control group. Results. There was no statistically significant difference between the patients before and after the surgery regarding nocturia. There was, however, a statistically significant difference between the operated patients and the control group regarding nocturia, as well as a statistically significant correlation between noctruia and the age of the patients in both the investigated and the control group. A correlation also existed between nocturia and the prostatic size. Conclusion. There was no statistically significant improvement in symptoms of nocturia after the surgery. It is necessary to be very careful in decision making in patients with nonabsolute indiction for surgery and isolated bothersome symptom of nocturia. Age of a patient should also be considered in the evaluation of favorable result of the surgery because of a significant correlation between noctura and the age of a patient.

Intravenous injection of butorphanol prevents shivering of parturients undergoing cesarean section under epidural anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuying Fu ◽  
Liang Qi ◽  
Bing Zhang ◽  
Mingpin Hu ◽  
Xuejiao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to assess the inhibitory effect of intravenous injection of butorphanol on the shivering in those parturients who underwent cesarean section (CS) under epidural anesthesia (EA). Methods 160 parturients planned for elective CS under EA were enrolled and finally 155 of them were included in this trial and randomly allocated to 4 groups. Before epidural anesthesia, parturients in Group A, B and C were respectively injected 7.5μg/kg, 5μg/kg and 2.5μg/kg butorphanol (100ug/ml) while none in Group D was given any drug. The incidence, duration and intensity of shivering, hemodynamic parameters of parturients, Apgar score of neonates, analysis of blood gas of umbilical cord and adverse events were recorded. Results The demographic characteristics of parturients of the four groups were similar. Compared with the control group (Group D), statistically significant attenuation of shivering was seen in the parturients of Group A and Group B. The incidence, intensity and duration of shivering of the Group A and Group B were all lower than those of the control group, but there was no statistical difference in the incidence, severity or duration time of shivering among groups receiving butorphanol. No patient displayed grade 4 shivering. There were no significant differences among the groups with mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2), respiratory rate (RR) after administration of butorphanol. The incidences of most adverse effects such as nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, and hypotension were also not seen statistical difference among the four groups. However, compared with other three groups, sedation parameter increased in Group A. Compared with Groups C and Group D, incidences of dizziness increased in Group A and Group B. There was no significant difference in Apgar score, PH, PCO2, PO2, HCO3- and lactic acid value among the newborns of the four groups. Conclusion The prophylactic administration of intravenous butorphanol 0.75μg/kg or 0.5μg/kg is effective on inhibiting shivering and can be safely used in parturients undergoing CS under EA, but 0.5μg/kg is more suitable because of less sedation. Dizziness of parturients should be monitored whichever dose is used.

scholarly journals Histological and Biochemical Study on Mitigation of Dichlorvos-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Mimosa Pudica in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Enye Linus Anderson ◽  
Keboh Angel ◽  
Edem Edem ◽  
Saka Olusola S ◽  
Akunna Gabriel Godson
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Total Protein Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D ◽  
Alt Activity

Objective Exposure of dichlorvos-contaminated foods, water and environment can lead to decrease in proper liver function. Thus, Mimosa pudica(MP)is being investigated in the present study to determine its protective effect on dichlorvos induced hepatotoxity in Mice. Methods Fifty adult male BALB/c mice weighing between 20-30g were randomly assigned into 5 groups of 10 animals each (Groups A, B, C, D, and E). Group A as the control Group received normal feed, group B received 0.1 ml of MP, group C was given 40 g of 2.5% Dichlorvos (DDVP) for 28 days. While, group D were given 40 g of 2.5% DDVP with 0.1ml of MP and group E animals were given DDVP for half the period of administration, normal feed and 0.1ml MP for 14 days. Histological and biochemical preparations of the liver were processed and data were expressed as mean± SEM. Significant difference was set at p<0.05. Results ALT activity and the total protein level of the liver show no significant increase (P < 0.005) when compared with the control. AST and ALP activities were significantly increased in animals given DDVP with subsequent MP treatment when compared with the controls. Histological studies revealed distortion of normal hepatic histoarchitecture in DDVP group B and MP groups mitigated these changes in the treated groups. Conclusion Dichlorvos caused tissue distortion in the mice with prominent toxic effects on the liver while MP extract showed ameliorative effects on the liver that was exposed to DDVP

scholarly journals The effect of buserelin injection 12 days after insemination on selected reproductive characteristics in cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet B. Ataman ◽  
Hüseyin Erdem ◽  
Bülent Bülbül ◽  
Seyit Ümütlü ◽  
Mehmet Çolak
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cattle ◽  
Embryonic Death

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of buserelin injection on day 12 postinsemination on fertility in lactating dairy cattle. A total of 57 cows were assigned to two groups and four subgroups. In the treatment group, the cows were synchronized with PGF2α-PGF2α (group A) or GnRH-PGF2α (group B) protocol, and buserelin was injected on day 12 postinsemination. Cows in the control group were synchronized with PGF2α-PGF2α (group C) or GnRH-PGF2α (group D) protocol, saline solution was injected on day 12, and served as controls. Pregnancy rates on day 21 and 45 and embryonic death rates were 85.7%, 71.4% and 16.7%, 85.7%, 85.7% and 0.0%, 73.3%, 62.1% and 27.3% and 85.7%, 71.4% and 16.7% in groups A, B, C and D, respectively. There was no significant difference between synchronization protocols for pregnancy rates, and among groups A, B, C and D for pregnancy rates and embryonic death rates. Mean progesterone concentrations in pregnant cows in groups A and B were higher than that in groups C and D, respectively, on day 18 and 21 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, GnRH injection on day 12 postinsemination increased the plasma progesterone concentrations on day 18 and 21 postinsemination. However, it did not alter the pregnancy rates and prevent embryonic deaths.

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