Dose-Dependent Associations of Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Fiber With 3-Year Weight Loss Maintenance and Glycemic Status in a High-Risk Population: A Secondary Analysis of the Diabetes Prevention Study PREVIEW

Diabetes Care ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. dc203092
Author(s):  
Ruixin Zhu ◽  
Thomas M. Larsen ◽  
Mikael Fogelholm ◽  
Sally D. Poppitt ◽  
Pia S. Vestentoft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Glycemic Status ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Index ◽  
Dose Dependent

scholarly journals Dose-Dependent Associations of Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Fiber With 3-Year Weight Loss Maintenance and Glycemic Status in a High-Risk Population: A Secondary Analysis of the Diabetes Prevention Study PREVIEW

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixin Zhu ◽  
Thomas M. Larsen ◽  
Mikael Fogelholm ◽  
Sally D. Poppitt ◽  
Pia S. Vestentoft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Glycemic Status ◽  
Regain Of Weight ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Index ◽  
Dose Dependent

<a>OBJECTIVE</a> <p>To <a></a><a>examine longitudinal and dose-dependent associations of dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and fiber with body weight and glycemic status during 3-year weight-loss maintenance (WLM)</a> in high-risk adults.</p> <p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</p> <p>This secondary analysis used pooled data from the PREVIEW randomized controlled trial, which was designed to test the effects of four diet and physical activity interventions. 1,279 participants with overweight or obesity (aged 25–70 years; BMI≥25 kg·m<sup>-2</sup>) and pre-diabetes at baseline were included. <a>Multi-adjusted linear mixed models </a><a>with repeated measurements</a> were used to assess longitudinal and dose-dependent associations, by merging the participants into one group and dividing them into <a></a><a>GI, GL, and fiber </a>tertiles, respectively. </p> <p>RESULTS</p> <p>In the available-case and complete-case analyses, each 10-unit<sup> </sup>increment in GI was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.46 kg·year<sup>-1</sup>; 95% CI 0.23, 0.68; <i>P</i><0.001) and increase in HbA<sub>1c</sub>. Each 20-unit increment in GL was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.49 kg·year<sup>-1</sup>; 0.24, 0.75; <i>P</i><0.001) and increase in HbA<sub>1c</sub>. The associations of GI and GL with HbA<sub>1c</sub> were independent of weight change. Compared with those in the lowest tertiles, participants in the highest GI and GL tertiles had significantly higher weight regain and increases in HbA<sub>1c</sub>. Fiber was inversely associated with increases in waist circumference, but the associations with weight regain and glycemic status did not remain robust in different analyses.</p> <p>CONCLUSIONS</p> <p>Dietary GI and GL were positively associated with weight regain and deteriorating glycemic status. Stronger evidence on the role of fiber is needed.</p>

scholarly journals Dose-Dependent Associations of Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Fiber With 3-Year Weight Loss Maintenance and Glycemic Status in a High-Risk Population: A Secondary Analysis of the Diabetes Prevention Study PREVIEW

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixin Zhu ◽  
Thomas M. Larsen ◽  
Mikael Fogelholm ◽  
Sally D. Poppitt ◽  
Pia S. Vestentoft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Glycemic Status ◽  
Regain Of Weight ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Index ◽  
Dose Dependent

<a>OBJECTIVE</a> <p>To <a></a><a>examine longitudinal and dose-dependent associations of dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and fiber with body weight and glycemic status during 3-year weight-loss maintenance (WLM)</a> in high-risk adults.</p> <p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</p> <p>This secondary analysis used pooled data from the PREVIEW randomized controlled trial, which was designed to test the effects of four diet and physical activity interventions. 1,279 participants with overweight or obesity (aged 25–70 years; BMI≥25 kg·m<sup>-2</sup>) and pre-diabetes at baseline were included. <a>Multi-adjusted linear mixed models </a><a>with repeated measurements</a> were used to assess longitudinal and dose-dependent associations, by merging the participants into one group and dividing them into <a></a><a>GI, GL, and fiber </a>tertiles, respectively. </p> <p>RESULTS</p> <p>In the available-case and complete-case analyses, each 10-unit<sup> </sup>increment in GI was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.46 kg·year<sup>-1</sup>; 95% CI 0.23, 0.68; <i>P</i><0.001) and increase in HbA<sub>1c</sub>. Each 20-unit increment in GL was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.49 kg·year<sup>-1</sup>; 0.24, 0.75; <i>P</i><0.001) and increase in HbA<sub>1c</sub>. The associations of GI and GL with HbA<sub>1c</sub> were independent of weight change. Compared with those in the lowest tertiles, participants in the highest GI and GL tertiles had significantly higher weight regain and increases in HbA<sub>1c</sub>. Fiber was inversely associated with increases in waist circumference, but the associations with weight regain and glycemic status did not remain robust in different analyses.</p> <p>CONCLUSIONS</p> <p>Dietary GI and GL were positively associated with weight regain and deteriorating glycemic status. Stronger evidence on the role of fiber is needed.</p>

scholarly journals Dose-Dependent Associations of Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Fiber With 3-Year Weight Loss Maintenance and Glycemic Status in a High-Risk Population: A Secondary Analysis of the Diabetes Prevention Study PREVIEW

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixin Zhu ◽  
Thomas M. Larsen ◽  
Mikael Fogelholm ◽  
Sally D. Poppitt ◽  
Pia S. Vestentoft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Glycemic Status ◽  
Regain Of Weight ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Index ◽  
Dose Dependent

<a>OBJECTIVE</a> <p>To <a></a><a>examine longitudinal and dose-dependent associations of dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and fiber with body weight and glycemic status during 3-year weight-loss maintenance (WLM)</a> in high-risk adults.</p> <p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</p> <p>This secondary analysis used pooled data from the PREVIEW randomized controlled trial, which was designed to test the effects of four diet and physical activity interventions. 1,279 participants with overweight or obesity (aged 25–70 years; BMI≥25 kg·m<sup>-2</sup>) and pre-diabetes at baseline were included. <a>Multi-adjusted linear mixed models </a><a>with repeated measurements</a> were used to assess longitudinal and dose-dependent associations, by merging the participants into one group and dividing them into <a></a><a>GI, GL, and fiber </a>tertiles, respectively. </p> <p>RESULTS</p> <p>In the available-case and complete-case analyses, each 10-unit<sup> </sup>increment in GI was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.46 kg·year<sup>-1</sup>; 95% CI 0.23, 0.68; <i>P</i><0.001) and increase in HbA<sub>1c</sub>. Each 20-unit increment in GL was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.49 kg·year<sup>-1</sup>; 0.24, 0.75; <i>P</i><0.001) and increase in HbA<sub>1c</sub>. The associations of GI and GL with HbA<sub>1c</sub> were independent of weight change. Compared with those in the lowest tertiles, participants in the highest GI and GL tertiles had significantly higher weight regain and increases in HbA<sub>1c</sub>. Fiber was inversely associated with increases in waist circumference, but the associations with weight regain and glycemic status did not remain robust in different analyses.</p> <p>CONCLUSIONS</p> <p>Dietary GI and GL were positively associated with weight regain and deteriorating glycemic status. Stronger evidence on the role of fiber is needed.</p>

scholarly journals Importance of Weight Loss Maintenance and Risk Prediction in the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: Analysis of European Diabetes Prevention Study RCT

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e57143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Penn ◽  
Martin White ◽  
Jaana Lindström ◽  
Annemieke Th. den Boer ◽  
Ellen Blaak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Diabetes Prevention Study

The feasibility and utility of a protein sparing modified fast (PSMF) in obese endometrial cancer survivors: A pilot study.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 170-170
Author(s):  
Thomas Patrick Lawler ◽  
Mary Beth Kavanagh ◽  
Christa Irene Nagel ◽  
Kristen Taylor Ruckstuhl ◽  
Sareena Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Protein Sparing ◽  
Lipid Panel

170 Background: Endometrial cancer affects 50,000 women a year. Obesity plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer. Obese endometrial cancer survivors (ECS) are at significant lifetime risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), recurrence and death. There are no prospective studies examining the role of diet only in attempting to achieve weight loss in obese ECS. Protein sparing modified fast (PSMF), an approach to rapid weight loss, has been used to treat obesity in a safe manner. A pilot study is underway to investigate the feasibility of a PSMF for weight loss in this high risk population. Methods: To date, seven obese (BMI > 30kg/m^2) ECS have been placed on a PSMF under the supervision of a physician and dietitian. Patients provided demographic information and Obesity Quality of Life (OQOL) questionnaire. Comprehensive metabolic panel with lipid panel and biomarkers of inflammation were drawn. Patients were instructed to eliminate carbohydrate containing foods and to augment with 1.2g/kg of protein per obesity-adjusted ideal body weight. Primary objectives are: total weight loss, subject retention, compliance, side effects, QOL and alterations in markers of obesity and inflammation. Results: The median age of the patient group was 56 years. Median baseline weight was 292.4 pounds (185.9-369). Median BMI was 44.5 kg/m2 (37.5-61.4). Mean baseline leptin level was 54.3 ng/ml (normal: 2.5-21.8). Mean baseline C-reactive protein level, a strong marker for CVD, was 4.574 (high risk for CVD > 3). At 4 weeks median percent body weight lost was -6.48% (5.19%-7.00%). At 3 months the median loss nearly doubled to -13% (8.31%-14.11%). Significant reduction in CRP and leptin occurred in 2 patients: mean decrease was 3.9 and 28 points respectively. Conclusions: Our early data demonstrate that significant weight loss in obese endometrial cancer survivors is achievable in a standard outpatient gynecologic oncology practice. While long term follow up data and elucidation of the true significance of improvement in serum inflammatory markers are needed, we do know that even a 5-10% loss of body weight can lead to substantial improvement in CVD and diabetes risk.

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