scholarly journals OGTT Glucose Response Curves, Insulin Sensitivity, and β-Cell Function in RISE: Comparison Between Youth and Adults at Randomization and in Response to Interventions to Preserve β-Cell Function

Diabetes Care ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 817-825
Author(s):  
Silva A. Arslanian ◽  
Laure El ghormli ◽  
Joon Young Kim ◽  
Ashley H. Tjaden ◽  
Elena Barengolts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Β Cell Function

scholarly journals OGTT Glucose Response Curves, Insulin Sensitivity, and β-Cell Function in RISE: Comparison Between Youth and Adults at Randomization and in Response to Interventions to Preserve β-Cell Function

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silva Arslanian ◽  
Laure El ghormli ◽  
Joon Young Kim ◽  
Ashley H. Tjaden ◽  
Elena Barengolts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Β Cell Function

<b>Objective:</b> We examined the glucose-response-curves [<b><u>B</u></b>i<b><u>ph</u></b>asic (BPh), <b><u>M</u></b>ono<b><u>ph</u></b>asic (MPh), <b><u>I</u></b>ncessant-<b><u>In</u></b>crease (IIn)], during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and their relationship to insulin sensitivity (IS) and b-cell function (bCF) in youth vs. adults with IGT or recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes. <p><b>Research Design and Methods:</b> This was both a cross-sectional and longitudinal evaluation of participants in the RISE study randomized to metformin alone for 12 months or glargine for 3 months followed by metformin for 9 months. At baseline/randomization, OGTTs (85 youth, 353 adults) were categorized as BPh, MPh, or IIn. The relationship of the glucose-response-curves to hyperglycemic-clamp-measured IS and bCF at baseline, and the change in glucose-response-curves 12 months after randomization were assessed. </p> <p><b>Results:</b> At randomization, the prevalence of the BPh-curve was significantly higher in youth than adults (18.8% vs. 8.2%), with no differences in MPh or IIn. IS did not differ across glucose-response-curves in youth or adults. However, irrespective of curve type, youth had lower IS than adults (p<0.05). bCF was lowest in IIn vs. MPh and BPh in youth and adults (p <0.05). Yet, compared with adults, youth had higher bCF in BPh and MPh (p<0.005), but not IIn curves. At month 12, the change in glucose-response-curves did not differ between youth and adults, and there was no treatment effect. </p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Despite a 2-fold higher prevalence of the more-favorable BPh curve in youth at randomization, RISE interventions did not result in beneficial changes in glucose-response-curves in youth compared with adults. Moreover, the typical b-cell hypersecretion in youth was not present in the IIn curve, emphasizing the severity of b-cell dysfunction in youth with this least- favorable glucose-response-curve.</p>

scholarly journals OGTT Glucose Response Curves, Insulin Sensitivity, and β-Cell Function in RISE: Comparison Between Youth and Adults at Randomization and in Response to Interventions to Preserve β-Cell Function

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silva Arslanian ◽  
Laure El ghormli ◽  
Joon Young Kim ◽  
Ashley H. Tjaden ◽  
Elena Barengolts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Β Cell Function

<b>Objective:</b> We examined the glucose-response-curves [<b><u>B</u></b>i<b><u>ph</u></b>asic (BPh), <b><u>M</u></b>ono<b><u>ph</u></b>asic (MPh), <b><u>I</u></b>ncessant-<b><u>In</u></b>crease (IIn)], during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and their relationship to insulin sensitivity (IS) and b-cell function (bCF) in youth vs. adults with IGT or recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes. <p><b>Research Design and Methods:</b> This was both a cross-sectional and longitudinal evaluation of participants in the RISE study randomized to metformin alone for 12 months or glargine for 3 months followed by metformin for 9 months. At baseline/randomization, OGTTs (85 youth, 353 adults) were categorized as BPh, MPh, or IIn. The relationship of the glucose-response-curves to hyperglycemic-clamp-measured IS and bCF at baseline, and the change in glucose-response-curves 12 months after randomization were assessed. </p> <p><b>Results:</b> At randomization, the prevalence of the BPh-curve was significantly higher in youth than adults (18.8% vs. 8.2%), with no differences in MPh or IIn. IS did not differ across glucose-response-curves in youth or adults. However, irrespective of curve type, youth had lower IS than adults (p<0.05). bCF was lowest in IIn vs. MPh and BPh in youth and adults (p <0.05). Yet, compared with adults, youth had higher bCF in BPh and MPh (p<0.005), but not IIn curves. At month 12, the change in glucose-response-curves did not differ between youth and adults, and there was no treatment effect. </p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Despite a 2-fold higher prevalence of the more-favorable BPh curve in youth at randomization, RISE interventions did not result in beneficial changes in glucose-response-curves in youth compared with adults. Moreover, the typical b-cell hypersecretion in youth was not present in the IIn curve, emphasizing the severity of b-cell dysfunction in youth with this least- favorable glucose-response-curve.</p>

scholarly journals The Pathological Evolution of Glucose Response Curves During the Progression to Type 1 Diabetes in the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba M. Ismail ◽  
Mario A. Cleves ◽  
Ping Xu ◽  
Ingrid M. Libman ◽  
Dorothy J. Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Β Cell Function

<b>Objective: </b>Glucose response curves (GRCs) during oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) are predictive of type 1 diabetes. We performed a longitudinal analysis in pancreatic autoantibody positive (Ab+) individuals to assess: 1) characteristic GRC changes during progression to type 1 diabetes, and 2) GRC changes in relation to β-cell function changes and to combined glucose and C-peptide response curve (GCRC) changes. <b>Research Design and Methods:</b> Among Ab+ individuals with serial OGTTs in the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study, GRC changes from first to last OGTTs were compared between progressors (n=298) to type 1 diabetes and non-progressors (n=2216). GRC changes from last before diagnosis to diagnostic OGTTs were studied in progressors. <b>Results:</b> GRCs changed more frequently from Biphasic (2 peaks) to Monophasic (1 peak) GRCs between first and last OGTTs in progressors than in non-progressors [75.4% vs. 51.0%; p<0.001]. In contrast, progressors changed less frequently from Monophasic to Biphasic than non-progressors [12.6% vs. 30.6%; p <0.001]. Monotonic (continuous increase) GRCs were present in 47.7% of progressors at diagnosis. The early (30-0 min) C-peptide response decreased in progressors changing from Biphasic to Monophasic between first and last OGTTs (p<0.001) and from Monophasic to Monotonic between last and diagnostic OGTTs (p<0.001). Conversely, the early C-peptide response increased among non-progressors changing from Monophasic to Biphasic (p<0.001). Changes in GRCs were related to changes in GCRCs. <b>Conclusions:</b> Characteristic GRC changes, Biphasic to Monophasic to Monotonic, occur during the progression to type 1 diabetes. These GRC changes correspond to decreasing β-cell function.

scholarly journals The Pathological Evolution of Glucose Response Curves During the Progression to Type 1 Diabetes in the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba M. Ismail ◽  
Mario A. Cleves ◽  
Ping Xu ◽  
Ingrid M. Libman ◽  
Dorothy J. Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Β Cell Function

<b>Objective: </b>Glucose response curves (GRCs) during oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) are predictive of type 1 diabetes. We performed a longitudinal analysis in pancreatic autoantibody positive (Ab+) individuals to assess: 1) characteristic GRC changes during progression to type 1 diabetes, and 2) GRC changes in relation to β-cell function changes and to combined glucose and C-peptide response curve (GCRC) changes. <b>Research Design and Methods:</b> Among Ab+ individuals with serial OGTTs in the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study, GRC changes from first to last OGTTs were compared between progressors (n=298) to type 1 diabetes and non-progressors (n=2216). GRC changes from last before diagnosis to diagnostic OGTTs were studied in progressors. <b>Results:</b> GRCs changed more frequently from Biphasic (2 peaks) to Monophasic (1 peak) GRCs between first and last OGTTs in progressors than in non-progressors [75.4% vs. 51.0%; p<0.001]. In contrast, progressors changed less frequently from Monophasic to Biphasic than non-progressors [12.6% vs. 30.6%; p <0.001]. Monotonic (continuous increase) GRCs were present in 47.7% of progressors at diagnosis. The early (30-0 min) C-peptide response decreased in progressors changing from Biphasic to Monophasic between first and last OGTTs (p<0.001) and from Monophasic to Monotonic between last and diagnostic OGTTs (p<0.001). Conversely, the early C-peptide response increased among non-progressors changing from Monophasic to Biphasic (p<0.001). Changes in GRCs were related to changes in GCRCs. <b>Conclusions:</b> Characteristic GRC changes, Biphasic to Monophasic to Monotonic, occur during the progression to type 1 diabetes. These GRC changes correspond to decreasing β-cell function.

Liver Fat Reduction After Gastric Banding and Associations with Changes in Insulin Sensitivity and β‐Cell Function

Obesity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anny H. Xiang ◽  
Mayra P. Martinez ◽  
Enrique Trigo ◽  
Kristina M. Utzschneider ◽  
Melanie Cree‐Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Gastric Banding ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Fat Reduction ◽  
Β Cell Function

β‐cell function, incretin response, and insulin sensitivity of glucose and fat metabolism in obese youth: Relationship to OGTT‐time‐to‐glucose‐peak

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Joon Young Kim ◽  
Hala Tfayli ◽  
Fida Bacha ◽  
SoJung Lee ◽  
Sara F. Michaliszyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Fat Metabolism ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Obese Youth ◽  
Β Cell Function

scholarly journals Adiponectin, Insulin Sensitivity, β-Cell Function, and Racial/Ethnic Disparity in Treatment Failure Rates in TODAY

Diabetes Care ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silva Arslanian ◽  
Laure El ghormli ◽  
Fida Bacha ◽  
Sonia Caprio ◽  
Robin Goland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Ethnic Disparity ◽  
Failure Rates ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Racial Ethnic

scholarly journals Leptin Levels, β-Cell Function, and Insulin Sensitivity in Families with Congenital and Acquired Generalized Lipoatropic Diabetes1

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-508
Author(s):  
Victor C. Pardini ◽  
Ivana M. N. Victória ◽  
Selma M. V. Rocha ◽  
Danielle G. Andrade ◽  
Aline M. Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Temporal Relationship ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Plasma Leptin ◽  
Specific Insulin

Lipoatropic diabetes (LD) designates a group of syndromes characterized by diabetes mellitus with marked insulin resistance and either a localized or generalized absence of adipose tissue. In this study, we evaluated plasma leptin levels in subjects with congenital generalized lipoatropic diabetes (CGLD, n = 11) or acquired generalized lipoatropic diabetes (AGLD, n = 11), and assessed correlations between leptin levels and estimations of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity using homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Leptin levels were 0.86 ± 0.32, 1.76 ± 0.78, and 6.9 ± 4.4 ng/mL in subjects with CGLD, AGLD, and controls (n = 19), respectively (ANOVA P &lt; 0.0001). Specific insulin levels were 154 ± 172, 177 ± 137 and 43 ± 22 pmol/L, respectively (P &lt; 0.0001). Insulin sensitivity was significantly decreased in both groups with LD (P&lt; 0.0001), whereas HOMA β-cell function was not significantly different when compared with controls. Leptin levels were significantly correlated with body mass index, insulin levels, and HOMA β-cell function, and inversely correlated with insulin sensitivity in control subjects but not in subjects with generalized LD. In conclusion, decreased leptin levels were observed in subjects with generalized LD, with a trend towards lower levels in the acquired than in the congenital form (P = 0.06). The temporal relationship between the decrease in leptin levels and the development of lipoatrophy should be investigated in at-risk young relatives of subjects with the acquired forms to assess the usefulness of leptin levels as a marker of lipoatrophy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document