scholarly journals Differences in Physiological Responses to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults With and Without Type 1 Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis

Diabetes Care ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 240-247
Author(s):  
Max L. Eckstein ◽  
Juliano Boufleur Farinha ◽  
Olivia McCarthy ◽  
Daniel J. West ◽  
Jane E. Yardley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise

scholarly journals Exertional dyspnoea in COPD: the clinical utility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (141) ◽  
pp. 333-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis E. O'Donnell ◽  
Amany F. Elbehairy ◽  
Azmy Faisal ◽  
Katherine A. Webb ◽  
J. Alberto Neder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Exertional Dyspnoea ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Impairment ◽  
Laboratory Exercise ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise

Activity-related dyspnoea is often the most distressing symptom experienced by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and can persist despite comprehensive medical management. It is now clear that dyspnoea during physical activity occurs across the spectrum of disease severity, even in those with mild airway obstruction. Our understanding of the nature and source of dyspnoea is incomplete, but current aetiological concepts emphasise the importance of increased central neural drive to breathe in the setting of a reduced ability of the respiratory system to appropriately respond. Since dyspnoea is provoked or aggravated by physical activity, its concurrent measurement during standardised laboratory exercise testing is clearly important. Combining measurement of perceptual and physiological responses during exercise can provide valuable insights into symptom severity and its pathophysiological underpinnings. This review summarises the abnormal physiological responses to exercise in COPD, as these form the basis for modern constructs of the neurobiology of exertional dyspnoea. The main objectives are: 1) to examine the role of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in uncovering the physiological mechanisms of exertional dyspnoea in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD; 2) to examine the escalating negative sensory consequences of progressive respiratory impairment with disease advancement; and 3) to build a physiological rationale for individualised treatment optimisation based on CPET.

scholarly journals Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Athletes; a case-based review

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Professional Athlete ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Body Organ ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Case Based

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is recommended in pre-participation evaluation of athletes to measure their cardiorespiratory fitness and maximal exercise tolerance. It is used for the diagnosis of probable cardiovascular and pulmonary disease and for the investigation of possible risks in sports. In case of non-specific symptoms during exercise, which are frequent in athletes, CPET is useful in the evaluation of physiological responses of body organ systems to exercise. This case-based review demonstrate the potential of CPET in the assessment of fatigue and loss of performance in a competitive professional athlete.

scholarly journals Effects of Food Intake on Physiological Responses to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masami Yokogawa ◽  
Kurumi Ueda ◽  
Junji Murase ◽  
Hiroichi Miaki ◽  
Makoto Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise

scholarly journals Differences in physiological responses to cardio-pulmonary exercise testing in adults with type 1 diabetes and controls without type 1 diabetes – a pooled analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max L. Eckstein ◽  
Juliano Boufleur Farinha ◽  
Olivia McCarthy ◽  
Daniel J. West ◽  
Jane E. Yardley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Design And Methods

<b>OBJECTIVE</b> <p>To investigate physiological responses to cardio-pulmonary exercise (CPX) testing in adults with type 1 diabetes compared to age-, sex- and body mass index- (BMI) matched controls without type 1 diabetes.</p> <p><b>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</b></p> <p>We compared results from CPX tests on a cycle ergometer in individuals with type 1 diabetes and controls without type 1 diabetes. Parameters were peak and threshold variables of oxygen uptake, heart rate and power output. Differences between groups were investigated via restricted maximum likelihood modelling and post-hoc tests. Differences between groups were explained by stepwise linear regressions (p<0.05). </p> <p><b>RESULTS</b></p> <p>Among 303 individuals with type 1 diabetes (age 33 [22; 43] years, 93 females, BMI 23.6 [22; 26] kg/m<sup>2</sup>, HbA<sub>1c</sub> 6.9 [6.2; 7.7]%; 52 [44; 61] mmol/mol), peak oxygen uptake (32.55 [26.49; 38.72] vs. 42.67 ± 10.44) (mL/kg/min), peak heart rate (179 [170; 187] vs. 184 [175; 191]) (bpm) and peak power (216 [171; 253] vs. 245 [200; 300]) (Watt) were lower in comparison to 308 controls without type 1 diabetes (all p<0.001). Individuals with type 1 diabetes displayed an impaired degree and direction of the heart rate to performance curve compared against controls without type 1 diabetes (0.07 [-0.75; 1.09] vs. 0.66 [-0.28; 1.45] (p<0.001)). None of the exercise physiological responses were associated with HbA<sub>1c</sub> in individuals with type 1 diabetes.</p> <p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p> <p>Individuals with type 1 diabetes show altered responses to CPX testing, which cannot be explained by HbA<sub>1c</sub>. Intriguingly, the participants in our cohort consisted of people with recent-onset type 1 diabetes, heart rate dynamics were altered during CPX testing. </p>

scholarly journals Differences in physiological responses to cardio-pulmonary exercise testing in adults with type 1 diabetes and controls without type 1 diabetes – a pooled analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max L. Eckstein ◽  
Juliano Boufleur Farinha ◽  
Olivia McCarthy ◽  
Daniel J. West ◽  
Jane E. Yardley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Design And Methods

<b>OBJECTIVE</b> <p>To investigate physiological responses to cardio-pulmonary exercise (CPX) testing in adults with type 1 diabetes compared to age-, sex- and body mass index- (BMI) matched controls without type 1 diabetes.</p> <p><b>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</b></p> <p>We compared results from CPX tests on a cycle ergometer in individuals with type 1 diabetes and controls without type 1 diabetes. Parameters were peak and threshold variables of oxygen uptake, heart rate and power output. Differences between groups were investigated via restricted maximum likelihood modelling and post-hoc tests. Differences between groups were explained by stepwise linear regressions (p<0.05). </p> <p><b>RESULTS</b></p> <p>Among 303 individuals with type 1 diabetes (age 33 [22; 43] years, 93 females, BMI 23.6 [22; 26] kg/m<sup>2</sup>, HbA<sub>1c</sub> 6.9 [6.2; 7.7]%; 52 [44; 61] mmol/mol), peak oxygen uptake (32.55 [26.49; 38.72] vs. 42.67 ± 10.44) (mL/kg/min), peak heart rate (179 [170; 187] vs. 184 [175; 191]) (bpm) and peak power (216 [171; 253] vs. 245 [200; 300]) (Watt) were lower in comparison to 308 controls without type 1 diabetes (all p<0.001). Individuals with type 1 diabetes displayed an impaired degree and direction of the heart rate to performance curve compared against controls without type 1 diabetes (0.07 [-0.75; 1.09] vs. 0.66 [-0.28; 1.45] (p<0.001)). None of the exercise physiological responses were associated with HbA<sub>1c</sub> in individuals with type 1 diabetes.</p> <p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p> <p>Individuals with type 1 diabetes show altered responses to CPX testing, which cannot be explained by HbA<sub>1c</sub>. Intriguingly, the participants in our cohort consisted of people with recent-onset type 1 diabetes, heart rate dynamics were altered during CPX testing. </p>

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