scholarly journals Relationship Between Parental Diabetes and Presentation of Metabolic and Glycemic Function in Youth With Type 2 Diabetes: Baseline Findings From the TODAY Trial

Diabetes Care ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D. Chernausek ◽  
Silva Arslanian ◽  
Sonia Caprio ◽  
Kenneth C. Copeland ◽  
Laure El ghormli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Parental Diabetes

scholarly journals Parental History of Type 2 Diabetes Abrogates Ethnic Disparities in Key Glucoregulatory Indices

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 514-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebenezer Nyenwe ◽  
Ibiye Owei ◽  
Jim Wan ◽  
Sam Dagogo-Jack
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Disposition Index ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Parental Diabetes

Abstract Context There are ethnic differences in glucoregulation and prevalence of type 2 diabetes, but studies on the role of genetics in modifying ethnic effects in normoglycemic African-Americans and Caucasians are limited. Therefore, we investigated glucoregulation in normoglycemic African-Americans and Caucasians with or without parental diabetes. Design Fifty subjects with parental diabetes (from the Pathobiology of Prediabetes in a Biracial Cohort Study) and 50 subjects without parental diabetes were matched in age, sex, ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI). Subjects underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), physical examination, anthropometry, biochemistries, indirect calorimetry and assessment of body composition, insulin sensitivity by euglycemic clamp (Si-clamp), and β-cell function by Disposition index. Results The mean age was 40.5 ± 11.6 years, BMI 28.7 ± 5.9 kg/m2, fasting plasma glucose 90.2 ± 5.9 mg/dL, and 2-hour postglucose 120.0 ± 26.8 mg/dL. Offspring with parental diabetes showed higher glycemic excursion during OGTT–area under the curve–glucose (16,005.6 ± 2324.7 vs 14,973.8 ± 1819.9, P < 0.005), lower Si-clamp (0.132 ± 0.068 vs 0.162 ± 0.081 µmol/kg fat-free mass/min/pmol/L, P < 0.05), and lower Disposition index (8.74 ± 5.72 vs 11.83 ± 7.49, P < 0.05). Compared with lean subjects without parental diabetes, β cell function was lower by ∼30% in lean subjects with parental diabetes, ∼40% in obese subjects without parental diabetes, and ∼50% in obese individuals with parental diabetes (P < 0.0001). African-Americans without parental diabetes had ∼40% lower insulin sensitivity (P < 0.001), twofold higher acute insulin secretion (P < 0.001), but ∼30% lower Disposition index (P < 0.01) compared with Caucasians without parental diabetes. Remarkably, there were no significant differences by ethnicity in these glucoregulatory measures among subjects with parental diabetes. Conclusion Offspring with parental diabetes harbor substantial impairments in glucoregulation compared with individuals without parental diabetes. Ethnic disparities in glucoregulation were abrogated by parental diabetes.

scholarly journals Parental diabetes status reveals association of mitochondrial DNA haplogroup J1 with type 2 diabetes

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette Feder ◽  
Ofer Ovadia ◽  
Ilana Blech ◽  
Josef Cohen ◽  
Julio Wainstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Parental Diabetes

scholarly journals Parental history of type 2 diabetes is associated with lower resting energy expenditure in normoglycemic subjects

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebenezer A Nyenwe ◽  
Cherechi C Ogwo ◽  
Ibiye Owei ◽  
Jim Y Wan ◽  
Samuel Dagogo-Jack
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Parental History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Parental Diabetes ◽  
The Mean

ObjectiveResting energy expenditure (REE) is linked to obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). REE and T2DM are inherited traits. Therefore, we investigated the effect of parental T2DM on REE in normoglycemic subjects.MethodsEighty-seven subjects with parental T2DM and 83 subjects without parental T2DM were matched in age, gender, race, BMI, weight and waist circumference. Subjects underwent a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test; REE was determined by indirect calorimetry and body composition was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test, analysis of variance and regression analysis.ResultsThe mean age was 38.8±11.3 years, 57% were females and 53% were African-Americans. The mean BMI was 28.5±6.1 kg/m2, waist circumference 91.8±15.1 cm, weight 83.9±20.3 kg, fat mass 31.0%±10.0%, mean fat-free mass (FFM) 54.4±12.9 kg. REE was significantly lower in subjects with parental diabetes, normalized REE 1364.4±263.4Kcal/day vs 1489.4±323.2 Kcal/day, p=0.006 and 29.2±5.3Kcal/kg FFM/day vs 31.9±6.0 Kcal/kg FFM/day, p=0.002. African-Americans had a lower REE compared with Caucasians 28.6±5.4Kcal/kg FFM/day vs 32.6±5.5 Kcal/kg FFM/day, p<0.0001. In a multiple regression model, ethnicity (p<0.0001), parental history of T2DM (p=0.006) and FFM (p=0.021) were independent predictors of REE.ConclusionCompared with subjects without parental diabetes, offspring with parental T2DM had lower REE, which was more pronounced in African-Americans. This metabolic alteration could increase the risk of obesity, insulin resistance and dysglycemia.

1045: Pioglitazone Ameliorates Penile Corpora Veno-Occlusive Dysfunction (CVOD) in a Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 283-284
Author(s):  
Istvan Kovanecz ◽  
Monica G. Ferrini ◽  
Hugo H. Davila ◽  
Jacob Rajfer ◽  
Nestor F. Gonzalez-Cadavid
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Rat Model

Youths With Type 2 Diabetes May Face Triple the CV Risk

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
MIRIAM E. TUCKER
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes

Should insulin therapy be started earlier in type 2 diabetes?

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
MARTIN J. ABRAHAMSON ◽  
BARRY J. GOLDSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Therapy
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