scholarly journals Involvement of Oxidative Stress–Induced DNA Damage, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Autophagy Deficits in the Decline of β-Cell Mass in Japanese Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Diabetes Care ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 1966-1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Mizukami ◽  
Kazunori Takahashi ◽  
Wataru Inaba ◽  
Kentaro Tsuboi ◽  
Sho Osonoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Resveratrol improves insulin sensitivity, reduces oxidative stress and activates the Akt pathway in type 2 diabetic patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pál Brasnyó ◽  
Gergő A. Molnár ◽  
Márton Mohás ◽  
Lajos Markó ◽  
Boglárka Laczy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Although resveratrol has widely been studied for its potential health benefits, little is known about its metabolic effects in humans. Our aims were to determine whether the polyphenol resveratrol improves insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients and to gain some insight into the mechanism of its action. After an initial general examination (including blood chemistry), nineteen patients enrolled in the 4-week-long double-blind study were randomly assigned into two groups: a resveratrol group receiving oral 2 × 5 mg resveratrol and a control group receiving placebo. Before and after the second and fourth weeks of the trial, insulin resistance/sensitivity, creatinine-normalised ortho-tyrosine level in urine samples (as a measure of oxidative stress), incretin levels and phosphorylated protein kinase B (pAkt):protein kinase B (Akt) ratio in platelets were assessed and statistically analysed. After the fourth week, resveratrol significantly decreased insulin resistance (homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance) and urinary ortho-tyrosine excretion, while it increased the pAkt:Akt ratio in platelets. On the other hand, it had no effect on parameters that relate to β-cell function (i.e. homeostasis model of assessment of β-cell function). The present study shows for the first time that resveratrol improves insulin sensitivity in humans, which might be due to a resveratrol-induced decrease in oxidative stress that leads to a more efficient insulin signalling via the Akt pathway.

Metformin treatment modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in leukocytes from type 2 diabetic patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. S69
Author(s):  
Noelia Diaz-Morales ◽  
Francesca Iannantuoni ◽  
Irene Escribano-Lopez ◽  
Aranzazu Martinez de Marañon ◽  
Sandra Lopez-Domenech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Metformin Treatment ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Is Glycemic Control Modulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Leukocytes of Type 2 Diabetic Patients?

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1759-1765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Rovira-Llopis ◽  
Celia Bañuls ◽  
Nadezda Apostolova ◽  
Carlos Morillas ◽  
Antonio Hernandez-Mijares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Selective β-Cell Loss and α-Cell Expansion in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korea

2003 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 2300-2308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Ho Yoon ◽  
Seung Hyun Ko ◽  
Jae Hyoung Cho ◽  
Jung Min Lee ◽  
Yu Bae Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Organ Donors ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

In the presence of obesity, β-cell mass needs to be increased to compensate for the accompanying demands and maintain euglycemia. However, in Korea, the majority of type 2 diabetic patients are nonobese. We determined the absolute masses, relative volumes, and ratio of α- and β-cell in the pancreas and islets in normal and diabetic Korean subjects to correlate these findings with the clinical characteristics. Whole pancreases procured from organ donors were divided into 24 parts (control 1, n = 9). Tissue was also obtained by surgical resection after 35 partial pancreatectomies: in 25 diabetic patients, 10 age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched patients of benign or malignant pancreatic tumor without diabetes mellitus (DM) (control 2). Morphometric quantifications were performed. In control 1, the relative volume of β-cells was 2.1 ± 0.9%, and the total β-cell mass was 1.3 ± 0.3 g. The relative volume of β-cells was found to be variable (control 1, 2.1 ± 0.9%; control 2, 1.9 ± 0.7%; DM, 1.4 ± 1.0%; P < 0.05 DM vs. control 1 and 2) and showed good correlation with BMI (control 1, r2 = 0.64; DM, r2 = 0.55; all subjects, r2 = 0.38; P < 0.05). Notably, in type 2 diabetic patients, the ratio of α-cell area to β-cell area in the islet was higher than in control 1 and 2 (0.81 ± 0.4 vs. 0.29 ± 0.2, 0.20 ± 0.1, P < 0.05). Additionally, significant α-cell expansion and a decreased β-cell fraction were predominantly observed in larger islets (islet area, >6415 μm2; P < 0.05) in control 1 and diabetic patients. The relative volume of β-cell was found to be correlated with BMI in diabetic patients and normal organ donors. Moreover, decreased β-cell but increased α-cell proportion in the islets suggests for a selective β-cell loss in the pathogenesis of Korean type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Suppression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Promotes an Antiatherogenic Monocyte/Macrophage Phenotype in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 287 (46) ◽  
pp. 38482-38494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy E. Riek ◽  
Jisu Oh ◽  
Jennifer E. Sprague ◽  
Alexandra Timpson ◽  
Lisa de las Fuentes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Macrophage Phenotype ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Role of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Skeletal Muscle in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 2650-2656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelia Diaz-Morales ◽  
Susana Rovira-Llopis ◽  
Irene Escribano-Lopez ◽  
Celia Bañuls ◽  
Sandra Lopez-Domenech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Soy Milk Consumption, Inflammation, Coagulation, and Oxidative Stress Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Nephropathy

Diabetes Care ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1981-1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Miraghajani ◽  
A. Esmaillzadeh ◽  
M. M. Najafabadi ◽  
M. Mirlohi ◽  
L. Azadbakht
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Milk Consumption ◽  
Soy Milk ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Effect of atorvastatin on oxidative stress parameters and lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Najah RH ◽  
Mohammad AAH ◽  
Ammar RMR
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Stress Parameters

Introduction: Evidence has long existed regarding the relationship between oxidative stress and diabetes. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of atorvastatin on selected oxidative stress parameters in the form of reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation byproduct malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, glutathione –S- transferase (GST) activity and catalase (CAT) activity) and its effect on lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in dyslipidaemic type 2 diabetic patients . Materials and Methods: Fifty nine dyslipidaemic type 2 diabetic patients were included in this study. Full history was taken and general examination of patients was performed. Patients studied were taking glibenclamide (an oral hypoglycaemic drug) during the study as a treatment for their disease. These patients were followed up for 60 days and divided randomly into 2 groups. Group I (n = 31): no drug was given and served as dyslipidaemic diabetic control. Group II (n = 28): received atorvastatin tablets 20 mg once daily at night. Of the 59 Fifty patients, 46 completed the study while 13 patients withdrew. This is due to non compliance of the patients. Blood samples were drawn from the patients at the beginning and after 60 days of follow up between 8:30 & 10:30 am after at least 12-14 hours fast. Fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, selected oxidative stress parameters (GSH, MDA levels, GST and CAT activities) were measured. Renal and hepatic functions were also assessed. Results: This study revealed that: atorvastatin treatment increased serum GSH; reduced MDA levels significantly while did not significantly affect CAT and GST activity. In atorvastatin treatment, TC, TG, LDL and VLDL decreased significantly while HDL increased significantly. Conclusion: There was insignificant correlations between atorvastatin induced changes in the oxidation markers and the observed changes of the lipid profile.

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