scholarly journals Profiles of glucose metabolism in different prediabetes phenotypes, classified by fasting glycemia, 2-hour OGTT, glycated hemoglobin, and 1-hour OGTT: An IMI DIRECT study

Diabetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. db210227
Author(s):  
Andrea Tura ◽  
Eleonora Grespan ◽  
Christian S. Göbl ◽  
Robert W. Koivula ◽  
Paul W. Franks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Direct Study ◽  
Fasting Glycemia

scholarly journals Profiles of Glucose Metabolism in Different Prediabetes Phenotypes, Classified by Fasting Glycemia, 2-Hour OGTT, Glycated Hemoglobin, and 1-hour OGTT: An IMI DIRECT Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Tura ◽  
Eleonora Grespan ◽  
Christian S. Göbl ◽  
Robert W. Koivula ◽  
Paul W. Franks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Fasting Glycemia ◽  
Study Participants

Differences in glucose metabolism among categories of prediabetes have not been systematically investigated. In this longitudinal study, participants (<i>N</i>=2111) underwent 2h-75g OGTT at baseline and 48 months. HbA1c was also measured. We classified participants as having isolated prediabetes defect (impaired fasting glucose, IFG; impaired glucose tolerance, IGT; HbA1c-prediabetes, IA1c), two defects (IFG+IGT, IFG+IA1c, IGT+IA1c), or all defects (IFG+IGT+IA1c). Beta-cell function (BCF) and insulin sensitivity (IS) were assessed from OGTT. At baseline, when pooling participants with isolated defects, they showed impairment in both BCF and IS compared to healthy controls. Pooled groups with two or three defects showed progressive further deterioration. Among groups with isolated defect, IGT showed lower IS, insulin secretion at reference glucose (ISR<sub>r</sub>), and insulin secretion potentiation (p<0.002). Conversely, IA1c showed higher IS and ISR<sub>r</sub> (p<0.0001). Among groups with two defects, we similarly found differences in both BCF and IS. At 48 months, we found higher type 2 diabetes incidence for progressively increasing number of prediabetes defects (odds ratio >2, p<0.008). In conclusion, the prediabetes groups showed differences in type/degree of glucometabolic impairment. Compared to the pooled group with isolated defects, those with double or triple defect showed progressive differences in diabetes incidence.

scholarly journals Profiles of Glucose Metabolism in Different Prediabetes Phenotypes, Classified by Fasting Glycemia, 2-Hour OGTT, Glycated Hemoglobin, and 1-hour OGTT: An IMI DIRECT Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Tura ◽  
Eleonora Grespan ◽  
Christian S. Göbl ◽  
Robert W. Koivula ◽  
Paul W. Franks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Fasting Glycemia ◽  
Study Participants

Differences in glucose metabolism among categories of prediabetes have not been systematically investigated. In this longitudinal study, participants (<i>N</i>=2111) underwent 2h-75g OGTT at baseline and 48 months. HbA1c was also measured. We classified participants as having isolated prediabetes defect (impaired fasting glucose, IFG; impaired glucose tolerance, IGT; HbA1c-prediabetes, IA1c), two defects (IFG+IGT, IFG+IA1c, IGT+IA1c), or all defects (IFG+IGT+IA1c). Beta-cell function (BCF) and insulin sensitivity (IS) were assessed from OGTT. At baseline, when pooling participants with isolated defects, they showed impairment in both BCF and IS compared to healthy controls. Pooled groups with two or three defects showed progressive further deterioration. Among groups with isolated defect, IGT showed lower IS, insulin secretion at reference glucose (ISR<sub>r</sub>), and insulin secretion potentiation (p<0.002). Conversely, IA1c showed higher IS and ISR<sub>r</sub> (p<0.0001). Among groups with two defects, we similarly found differences in both BCF and IS. At 48 months, we found higher type 2 diabetes incidence for progressively increasing number of prediabetes defects (odds ratio >2, p<0.008). In conclusion, the prediabetes groups showed differences in type/degree of glucometabolic impairment. Compared to the pooled group with isolated defects, those with double or triple defect showed progressive differences in diabetes incidence.

scholarly journals Predicting glycated hemoglobin levels in the non-diabetic general population: Development and validation of the DIRECT-DETECT prediction model - a DIRECT study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. e0171816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone P. Rauh ◽  
Martijn W. Heymans ◽  
Anitra D. M. Koopman ◽  
Giel Nijpels ◽  
Coen D. Stehouwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Population Development ◽  
Direct Study ◽  
Development And Validation

Utility of Glycated Hemoglobin for Assessment of Glucose Metabolism in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

2016 ◽  
Vol 117 (5) ◽  
pp. 749-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhuvnesh Aggarwal ◽  
Gautam K. Shah ◽  
Mandeep Randhawa ◽  
Stephen G. Ellis ◽  
Abraham Michael Lincoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
St Segment

98 THE FETAL AND POSTNATAL EFFECTS OF PERICONCEPTIONAL HYPERGLYCEMIA USING A RABBIT MODEL

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
R. Brat ◽  
A. Rolland ◽  
R. Thieme ◽  
M. Dahirel ◽  
G. Boyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Fetal Organ ◽  
Fasting Glycemia ◽  
Maternal Hyperglycemia ◽  
Obesogenic Diet ◽  
Group D

The objective of this study was to analyse the effects of maternal hyperglycemia during the periconception period on fetal and postnatal development using a rabbit model. Diabetes was induced in adult New Zealand female does by a single intravenous alloxan injection (group D). Glycemia was maintained between 3 and 5 g L–1 with 2 daily subcutaneous insulin injections. Does from group D and contemporary controls (group C) were naturally mated 1 wk after induction of diabetes in group D animals, without superovulation, and embryos collected after sacrifice on Day 4 post-coitum. In Expt. 1, embryos from D (n = 11) and C (n = 13) groups were transferred respectively to the right and left horns of 3 female recipients, which were killed on Day 28. In Expt. 2, 17 D and 16 C females were mated naturally. 68 D and 98 C embryos were collected and transferred to 26 non-diabetic recipients (6–7 embryos per doe). 17 females were pregnant with no difference between C and D recipients. Fetal development was monitored by ultrasound. At birth, litters were equilibrated in number. 15 D and 7 C pups (from 4 D and 2 C litters) were killed at weaning (1 month of age). The remaining 13 D and 26 C pups (4 D and 7 C litters) were allocated to 1 of 2 feeding groups: control or obesogenic diet. The obesogenic diet was based on the control diet supplemented with animal fat (suet, 200%) and glucose (200%). Bodyweight, adiposity, and glucose metabolism were monitored until sacrifice at 5 months of age. Data were analysed by ANOVA using litter (fetuses), litter and sex (weaning), and litter and diet (5 months) as co-factors. Sex effects at 5 months were not analysed due to small numbers of animals. Fetal development was not different between D and C groups. Fetal, placental, and fetal organ weights did not differ at Day 28, except for brain weight, which was significantly lower in D fetuses (0.86 ± 0.1 v. 1.05 ± 0.08 g; P < 0.05). There was no difference in litter size at birth (3.3 ± 0.3 v. 3.6 ± 0.5 pups for D and C groups, respectively; P = 0.5), but birthweight was significantly increased in D offspring (211 ± 6 v. 194 ± 6 g; P < 0.05). There was no difference in weight after 14 days. At 1 month of age, adiposity, plasma insulin and leptin concentrations were not different between groups. In contrast, in male D offspring, fasting glycemia was significantly lower (1.7 ± 0.2 v. 2.1 ± 0.02 g L–1; P < 0.01), plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 was significantly increased (P < 0.05) and kidney/bodyweight ratio was significantly reduced (0.41 ± 0.03 v. 0.45 ± 0.04; P < 0.01). From 12 wk of age, bodyweight became significantly different between D and C groups and according to diet (P < 0.005), with D individuals being lighter than C individuals for each dietary group. Finally, fasting glycemia was significantly higher in the animals fed the obesogenic diet (1.35 ± 0.05 v. 1.19 ± 0.05 g L–1; P < 0.04), regardless of group. These data suggest that maternal hyperglycemia during the periconceptional period affects glucose metabolism and organ development in offspring with sexual dimorphism.

scholarly journals Glucose Metabolism Effects of Vitamin D in Prediabetes: The VitDmet Randomized Placebo-Controlled Supplementation Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen ◽  
Jyrki K. Virtanen ◽  
Sari Voutilainen ◽  
Tarja Nurmi ◽  
Jaakko Mursu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D

Epidemiological evidence suggests a role for vitamin D in type 2 diabetes prevention. We investigated the effects of vitamin D3supplementation on glucose metabolism and inflammation in subjects with prediabetes. A 5-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention with three arms (placebo, 40 μg/d, or 80 μg/d vitamin D3) was carried out among sixty-eight overweight (BMI 25–35) and aging (≥60 years) subjects from Finland, with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3[25(OH)D3] < 75 nmol/L and either impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance. Analyses included 66 subjects who completed the trial. Glucose metabolism was evaluated by fasting and 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test-derived indices and glycated hemoglobin. Inflammation was evaluated by high-sensitive C-reactive protein and five cytokines. Although a dose-dependent increase in serum 25(OH)D3over the supplementation period was observed (Ptrend < 0.001), there were no other statistically significant differences in changes in the 13 glucose homeostasis indicators between the study groups other than increase in the 120 min glucose concentration (Ptrend = 0.021) and a decreasing trend both in 30 min plasma insulin (Ptrend = 0.030) and glycated hemoglobin (Ptrend = 0.024) concentrations. A borderline statistically significant decreasing trend in interleukin-1 receptor antagonist concentration was observed (P= 0.070). Vitamin D3supplementation does not improve glucose metabolism in ageing subjects with prediabetes but may have modest anti-inflammatory effects.

scholarly journals Bilateral Oophorectomy May Have an Unfavorable Effect on Glucose Metabolism Compared With Natural Menopause

2014 ◽  
pp. S395-S402 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. LEJSKOVÁ ◽  
J. PIŤHA ◽  
S. ADÁMKOVÁ ◽  
O. AUZKÝ ◽  
T. ADÁMEK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Bilateral Oophorectomy ◽  
Natural Menopause ◽  
Marked Rise ◽  
Fasting Glycemia ◽  
Prospective Epidemiological Study ◽  
Unfavorable Effect ◽  
Long Term Trend

The incidence of diabetes mellitus is rising worldwide. The aim of this prospective epidemiological study was to compare the effects of natural and surgical menopause on parameters of glucose metabolism. In a group of 587 repeatedly examined women, with a baseline age of 45-55 years, the following subgroups of women were separated: those after bilateral oophorectomy (BO, n=37) and those in natural menopause (NAT, n=380) including women menopausal already at baseline (POST, n=89). The study parameters including glycemia, insulinemia, HOMA-IR and beta-cell function using HOMA-β were determined at baseline and 6 years later. Over the study period, there was a marked rise in prediabetic and diabetic values of fasting glycemia; the percentage of women with diabetic values increased in the NAT (from 0.8 % to 3.9 %) and POST (from 2.2 % to 9.0 %) subgroups, with the highest prevalence in the BO subgroup (from 8.1 % to 10.8 %). While, among women with non-diabetic fasting glycemia, an increase in fasting glycemia was observed in all study subgroups, it was more marked in the BO subgroup than in the NAT and POST ones (p=0.02 both). This difference between NAT and BO was also found in the long-term trend of development of glycemia in non-diabetic women (p=0.014). Compared with natural menopause, bilateral oophorectomy may have an adverse effect on glucose metabolism.

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