2230-PUB: A Portrait of HbA1c Levels amongst Adults Diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus in Suburban Ahmedabad

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2230-PUB
Author(s):  
SHIVESH SHAH ◽  
BANSHI D. SABOO ◽  
SHAILIN SHAH ◽  
DHRUVI HASNANI ◽  
VIPUL CHAVDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hba1c Levels

SGLT-2 inhibitors: Ideal Remedy for Cardioprotection in Diabetes Mellitus.

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keshav Kumar ◽  
Tapan Behl ◽  
Arun Kumar ◽  
Sandeep Arora
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Clinical Trial Data ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Cardiac Inflammation ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Glucose Transporter 2 ◽  
Specific Medication ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Background: A chronic metabolic disease, diabetes mellitus (DM), is associated with various comorbidity due to cardiac complications that considerably decreasing the quality of life, but there is no specific medication for this. The recent developed drugs Sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-Is), have action on diabetes as well as on kidney. Current research and studies have shown that SGLT2-Is attenuated the risk of cardiac complication associated with morbidity and hospitalization in diabetes patients. Introduction: Sodium glucose linked transporter 2 (SGLT2) receptors are mainly situated in proximal tubule of nephron. About 90% of glucose concentration is reabsorbed by these receptors in the nephron. The advanced remedy for the management of DM is SGLT2-Is which inhibit or lower the reabsorption of glucose. Objectives: The present review explores the mechanistic principle and the clinical trial data of SGLT2-Is which further support cardioprotective effects associated with these medications. Methods: The review collaborates PUBMED, Google Scholar and Research gate databases, which were explored using keywords and their combinations such as sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, diabetes mellitus, cardioprotective effect, empagliflozin, canagliflozin, dapagliflozin and several others, to create an eclectic manuscript. Results: SGLT2-Is showed improvement in diabetes as well as in cardiac complications. These medications decreased HbA1c levels to control hyperglycemia. The mechanism of action of these drugs showed reduction in cardiac oxidative stress, cardiac apoptosis and cardiac inflammation. Besides, SGLT-2-Is showed improvement in cardiac structure and cardiac function. Conclusion: Anti-diabetic drugs, SGLT2-Is have a protective effect against cardiac complications. This indicates that these medication could become first line therapy for cardiac patients with DM.

scholarly journals Influence of physical activity on periodontal health in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A blinded, randomized, controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Wernicke ◽  
J. Grischke ◽  
M. Stiesch ◽  
S. Zeissler ◽  
K. Krüger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Abstract Objectives The aim was to investigate the effect of physical activity on periodontal health and HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) over a period of 6 months. Materials and methods Thirty-seven patients with non-insulin-dependent T2DM were included in the study. The intervention group (n=20) performed physical activity over a period of 6 months. The control group (n=17) did not receive any intervention. Baseline and final examinations included dental parameters and concentrations of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Results Physical activity showed a positive effect on periodontal health. Both the BOP (p= 0.005) and the severity of periodontitis (p= 0.001) were significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control group. Furthermore, HbA1c levels were reduced (p= 0.010) significantly in the intervention group while hsCRP levels significantly increased in the control group (p= 0.04). Conclusions Within the limitations of this randomized, controlled trial, physical activity over a period of 6 months is a health-promoting measure for patients with T2DM and improves both periodontal health and HbA1c concentrations.

scholarly journals Real-World Clinical Outcomes Associated with Canagliflozin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Spain: The Real-Wecan Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2275
Author(s):  
Juan J. Gorgojo-Martínez ◽  
Manuel A. Gargallo-Fernández ◽  
Alba Galdón Sanz-Pastor ◽  
Teresa Antón-Bravo ◽  
Miguel Brito-Sanfiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Real World ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Baseline Hba1c ◽  
Real World Setting ◽  
Antihyperglycemic Therapy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hba1c Levels

The aims of this multicentric retrospective study were to assess in a real-world setting the effectiveness and safety of canagliflozin 100 mg/d (CANA100) as an add-on to the background antihyperglycemic therapy, and to evaluate the intensification of prior sodium–glucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i) therapy by switching to canagliflozin 300 mg/d (CANA300) in patients with T2DM. One cohort of SGLT2i-naïve patients with T2DM who were initiated on CANA100 and a second cohort of patients with prior background SGLT-2i therapy who switched to CANA300 were included in the study. The primary outcome of the study was the mean change in HbA1c over the follow-up time. In total, 583 patients were included—279 in the cohort of CANA100 (HbA1c 8.05%, weight 94.9 kg) and 304 in the cohort of CANA300 (HbA1c 7.51%, weight 92.0 kg). Median follow-up periods in both cohorts were 9.1 and 15.4 months respectively. CANA100 was associated to significant reductions in HbA1c (−0.90%) and weight (−4.1 kg) at the end of the follow-up. In those patients with baseline HbA1c > 8% (mean 9.25%), CANA100 lowered HbA1c levels by 1.51%. In the second cohort, patients switching to CANA300 experienced a significant decrease in HbA1c (−0.35%) and weight (−2.1 kg). In those patients with baseline HbA1c > 8% (mean 8.94%), CANA300 lowered HbA1c levels by 1.12%. There were significant improvements in blood pressure in both cohorts. No unexpected adverse events were reported. In summary, CANA100 (as an add-on therapy) and CANA300 (switching from prior SGLT-2i therapy) significantly improved several cardiometabolic parameters in patients with T2DM.

scholarly journals TheType 2 Deiodinase Thr92Ala PolymorphismIs Associated with Worse Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Zhang ◽  
Jie Sun ◽  
Wenqing Han ◽  
Yaqiu Jiang ◽  
Shiqiao Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Objective. Type 2 deiodinase (Dio2) is an enzyme responsible for the conversion of T4 to T3. The Thr92Ala polymorphism has been shown related to an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study is to assess the association between this polymorphism and glycemic control in T2DM patients as marked by the HbA1C levels.Design and Methods.The terms “rs225014,” “thr92ala,” “T92A,” or “dio2 a/g” were used to search for eligible studies in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases and Google Scholar. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies including both polymorphism testing and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) assays were performed.Results. Four studies were selected, totaling 2190 subjects. The pooled mean difference of the studies was 0.48% (95% CI, 0.18–0.77%), indicating that type 2 diabetics homozygous for the Dio2 Thr92Ala polymorphism had higher HbA1C levels.Conclusions. Homozygosity for the Dio2 Thr92Ala polymorphism is associated with higher HbA1C levels in T2DM patients. To confirm this conclusion, more studies of larger populations are needed.

Efficacy of Insulin Pump Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus with a Focus on HbA1c Levels in Relation to Patient Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-21
Author(s):  
Jan Broz ◽  
Denisa Janickova Zdarska ◽  
Michal Policar ◽  
Viera Donicova ◽  
Marek Brabec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Pump ◽  
Insulin Pump Therapy ◽  
Pump Therapy ◽  
Patient Age ◽  
Patient Âgé ◽  
Hba1c Levels

scholarly journals ADHERENCE LEVEL AND BLOOD SUGAR CONTROL OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS WHO GETS COUNSELING AND SHORT MESSAGES SERVICE AS REMINDER AND MOTIVATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wirawan Adikusuma ◽  
Nurul Qiyaam
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hba1c Levels ◽  
Short Messages

  Objective: Examines the effects of counseling and short messages service (SMS) as a reminder and motivation toward medication adherence improvement and controlled HbA1c levels of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental method with prospective data retrieval. The subjects of this study were 40 patients with outpatient T2DM in internal disease polyclinic in West Nusa Tenggara Hospital, Indonesia. Patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups: The control group (n=20) receiving only the drug care service and the treatment group (n=20) receiving counseling and SMS reminder and motivation from the pharmacist. Data collecting was conducted using the pill count method, and HbA1c levels were taken from the medical record.Results: The results showed that counseling and SMS as reminder and motivation by a pharmacist can improve treatment adherence significantly (p<0.05) by 11.33 ± 8.47 and can decrease HbA1c level significantly (p<0.05) of 1.32 ± 0.72 in the intervention group. There was a positive correlation between T2DM patient treatment adherence to HbA1c levels (r=0.254, p=0.023).Conclusion: The provision of counseling and SMS as a reminder and motivation by the pharmacist can have a positive effect toward medication adherence and control of HbA1c in T2DM patients. 

scholarly journals Correlation Between Lipid Profile with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Progression

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Angiesta Pinakesty ◽  
Restu Noor Azizah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease that has increased from year to year. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is not caused by lack of insulin secretion, but is caused by the failure of the body's cells to respond to the hormone insulin (insulin resistance). Insulin resistance was found to be a major contributor to atherogenic dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia in DM risks 2 to 4 times higher than non-DM. Although dyslipidemia has a great risk for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, this conventional risk factor only explains a portion (25%) of excess cardiovascular risk in type 2 DM. Discussion: In uncontrolled type 2 DM patients, LDL oxidation occurs faster which results from an increase in chronic blood glucose levels. Glycemic control as a determinant of DM progressivity is determined through HbA1c examination. HbA1c levels are associated with blood triglyceride levels. Meanwhile, triglyceride levels are associated with total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels. HbA1c levels are also associated with LDL cholesterol levels. Conclusion: There is a relationship between lipid profile and the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus.   Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, HbA1c, glycemic control, lipid profile

scholarly journals HBA1C LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT INCIDENCE OF THROMBOTIC STROKE (Kadar HbA1c Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan dan Tanpa Kejadian Strok Infark Trombotik)

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Dafina Balqis ◽  
Yudhi Adrianto ◽  
Jongky Hendro Prayitno
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hba1c Levels ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Strok saat ini menjadi salah satu penyebab utama kematian global. Hubungan antara kejadian strok dengan diabetes telahlama diketahui. Kontrol gula darah, yang dipantau melalui kadar HbA1c, telah menunjukkan hubungan dengan strok dan penyakitkardiovaskular lain. Kajian ini untuk menentukan perbedaan kadar HbA1c antara pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan dan tanpakejadian strok infark trombotik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis retrospektif menggunakan rekam medis pasienselama 3,5 tahun. Penelitian ini mengumpulkan data kadar HbA1c dari 443 pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 kemudian membandingkanrerata kadar HbA1c antara pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dengan kejadian strok trombotik (n=74) dan tanpa kejadian strok trombotik(n=369). Perbandingan tingkat HbA1c juga dilakukan secara terpisah antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Kajian ini menemukan reratakadar HbA1c yang tinggi di kedua kelompok sampel (10,49%±2,53% untuk kelompok dengan kejadian strok infark trombotik dan10,44%±2,8% untuk kelompok tanpa kejadian strok infark trombotik) dengan perbandingan sarana p>0,05. Perbandingan yangdilakukan secara terpisah di laki-laki dan perempuan juga menunjukkan hasil yang sama dengan p>0,05. Sebagai simpulan, kadarHbA1c di kedua kelompok penelitian sama-sama tinggi dan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna kadar HbA1c yang ditemukan di pasiendengan diabetes tipe 2 dengan dan tanpa kejadian strok trombotik.

scholarly journals Analysis of the formation of dysglycemia in the substantiation of early pathogenetic therapy of diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
L. A. Ruyatkina ◽  
D. S. Ruyatkin ◽  
I. S. Iskhakova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Metabolic Memory ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Insulin Sensitizer ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Glucose Lowering Therapy ◽  
Secretory Capacity ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Introduction. To control carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMD), which are closely related to the effect on the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), their early, pathogenetically substantiated and prognosis-oriented therapy is required with a view to positive metabolic memory. The choice of drugs is based on the analysis of the formation of pre-nosological CMD - variants of prediabetes. The indices of the homeostatic model HOMA and the TyG family are most often used to assess the main links in the pathogenesis of CMD, IR and the secretory capacity of β-cells.Objective: to assess the basic pathogenetic links in prenosological CMD in comparison with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) using a cohort of postmenopausal women: parameters of IR and secretory capacity of β-cells according to the TyG and HOMA-2 indices. Materials and methods. The examined 94 postmenopausal women 58.0 (53.0; 63.0) years old were divided into groups by history and HbA1c levels (%). Group 1 consisted of patients with T2DM (7.20: 6.60; 7.98) with a duration of 4.0 (2.0; 7.0) years; women with two-fold fasting normoglycemia without a history of CMD were classified according to their HbA1c levels into group 2 (prediabetes) and 3 (without CMD) twice: according to WHO criteria - 6.15 (6.03; 6.30) and 5.45 (5.20; 5.80); and ADA - 6.00 (5.80; 6.23) and 5.35 (5.05; 5.40), respectively. The indices TyG, HOMA2-IR, HOMA2-%S, and HOMA2-%B were determined (based on C-peptide calculations).Results and discussion. The performed analysis confirms the contribution of IR/insulin sensitivity to the progression of CMD with the participation of the phenomenon of lipoglucotoxicity at the prenosological stage of their formation, starting with HbA1c ≥ 5.7% levels. The inadequate secretory response of β-cells reflects an early decline in their functional abilities even at the stage of prediabetes. This limits the effectiveness of the classical stepwise scheme for intensifying glucose-lowering therapy with a T2DM duration of less than 10 years.Conclusions. Along with the timely diagnosis of dysglycemia, to control the cardiometabolic risk, it is advisable to use drug combinations early in terms of their effect on the key links in the pathogenesis of CMD: insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Pioglitazone has been substantiated as an insulin sensitizer, which has a proven effect on the regression of early CMD and a decrease in the risk of cardiovascular events. In order to eliminate incretin dysfunction, which is closely related to the adequacy of the secretory capabilities of β-cells to the needs of impaired glucose homeostasis, a rational combination with an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-4.

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