scholarly journals Repeated Pharmacogenetic Catecholamine Neuron Activation in the Ventrolateral Medulla Attenuates Subsequent Glucoregulatory Responses

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2747-2755
Author(s):  
Ai-Jun Li ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
Sue Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Neuron Activation ◽  
Catecholamine Neuron

Vasopressin Neuron Activation and Fos Expression by Stimulation of the Caudal Ventrolateral Medulla

1998 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiji Shioda ◽  
Michiko Iwase ◽  
Ikuo Homma ◽  
Shigeo Nakajo ◽  
Kazuyasu Nakaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Caudal Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Neuron Activation ◽  
Fos Expression ◽  
Vasopressin Neuron ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Expression of nischarin, an imidazoline 1 receptor candidate protein, in the ventrolateral medulla of newborn rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 136113
Author(s):  
Yukari Nagakura ◽  
Ryoji Ide ◽  
Chikako Saiki ◽  
Nana Sato Hashizume ◽  
Toshio Imai
Keyword(s):  
Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Candidate Protein

Differential pial and penetrating arterial responses examined by optogenetic activation of astrocytes and neurons

2021 ◽  
pp. 0271678X2110103
Author(s):  
Nao Hatakeyama ◽  
Miyuki Unekawa ◽  
Juri Murata ◽  
Yutaka Tomita ◽  
Norihiro Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Step Function ◽  
Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Function Type ◽  
Neuron Activation ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Arterial Responses

A variety of brain cells participates in neurovascular coupling by transmitting and modulating vasoactive signals. The present study aimed to probe cell type-dependent cerebrovascular (i.e., pial and penetrating arterial) responses with optogenetics in the cortex of anesthetized mice. Two lines of the transgenic mice expressing a step function type of light-gated cation channel (channelrhodopsine-2; ChR2) in either cortical neurons (muscarinic acetylcholine receptors) or astrocytes (Mlc1-positive) were used in the experiments. Photo-activation of ChR2-expressing astrocytes resulted in a widespread increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF), extending to the nonstimulated periphery. In contrast, photo-activation of ChR2-expressing neurons led to a relatively localized increase in CBF. The differences in the spatial extent of the CBF responses are potentially explained by differences in the involvement of the vascular compartments. In vivo imaging of the cerebrovascular responses revealed that ChR2-expressing astrocyte activation led to the dilation of both pial and penetrating arteries, whereas ChR2-expressing neuron activation predominantly caused dilation of the penetrating arterioles. Pharmacological studies showed that cell type-specific signaling mechanisms participate in the optogenetically induced cerebrovascular responses. In conclusion, pial and penetrating arterial vasodilation were differentially evoked by ChR2-expressing astrocytes and neurons.

scholarly journals Elimination of Calm1 long 3′-UTR mRNA isoform by CRISPR–Cas9 gene editing impairs dorsal root ganglion development and hippocampal neuron activation in mice

RNA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1414-1430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bongmin Bae ◽  
Hannah N. Gruner ◽  
Maebh Lynch ◽  
Ting Feng ◽  
Kevin So ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Hippocampal Neuron ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Neuron Activation ◽  
Mrna Isoform
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