Repeat BCG Vaccination Creates Lasting Reductions of HbA1c in Subjects with Long-Term Type 1 Diabetes—Long-Term Clinical Trial Follow-up

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 109-LB
Author(s):  
WILLEM KUHTREIBER ◽  
LISA TRAN ◽  
SOPHIE E. JANES ◽  
AUDREY A. DEFUSCO ◽  
HUI ZHENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Term Type

Intensive Treatment of Type-1 Diabetes The Balance of Benefits and Risks in the DCCT/EDIC Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 00 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul Genuth
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Intensive Treatment ◽  
Diabetic Coma ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Trial Testing

With the discovery of insulin in 1921 and its rapid introduction into therapy in 1922, the complexion of type-1 diabetes changed completely. From a disease that inevitably led to death in diabetic coma within a few short years, type-1 diabetes morphed into a chronic disease as, in the 1930s, diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy emerged as major complications. These complications afflicted sufferers with loss of vision, renal failure, pain, amputations, and death from cardiovascular disease (CVD) after 30–40 years. There ensued a long-standing debate as to whether these complications were caused by hyperglycemia and other consequences of insufficiently normalized metabolism or were simply an intrinsic parallel manifestation of diabetes that could not be prevented by insulin therapy. This question of whether normalization of blood glucose with intensive treatment would reduce the risk of diabetic complications compared with then-conventional insulin treatment, which only minimized or eliminated symptoms resulting from glycosuria, prevented spontaneous diabetic ketoacidosis and avoided hypoglycemia, could only be definitively answered by a long-term, randomized clinical trial testing the glucose hypothesis. Thus, the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) emerged, followed by the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) observational follow-up study of the same cohort of research volunteer patients.

Evaluation of gastric emptying and neuropathy in short- and long-term type-1 diabetes

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Várkonyi ◽  
É Börcsök ◽  
R Takács ◽  
R Róka ◽  
C Lengyel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Term Type

scholarly journals MAIT cell alterations in adults with recent-onset and long-term type 1 diabetes

Diabetologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Nel ◽  
Lucie Beaudoin ◽  
Zouriatou Gouda ◽  
Camille Rousseau ◽  
Pauline Soulard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Cell Alterations ◽  
Term Type ◽  
Mait Cell

A long-term evaluation of Facebook for recruitment and retention in the ENDIA type 1 diabetes pregnancy-birth cohort study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly J McGorm ◽  
James David Brown ◽  
Rebecca Louise Thomson ◽  
Helena Oakey ◽  
Belinda Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Recruitment And Retention

BACKGROUND Recruitment and retention of research participants is challenging. Social media, particularly Facebook, has emerged as a tool for connecting with participants due to its high uptake in the community. The Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) study is an Australia-wide prospective pregnancy-birth cohort following children who have a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes (ACTRN1261300794707). A dedicated Facebook page was established for the ENDIA study in 2013 with the aim to enhance recruitment and support participant retention. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the long-term impact of Facebook as a recruitment and retention tool. The hypotheses were that (1) Facebook was an important source of referral to the ENDIA study, (2) the sociodemographic characteristics of participants recruited by Facebook would be different from those of participants recruited by other means (i.e., ‘conventional recruits’), and (3) recruitment by Facebook would be associated with long-term retention. We also evaluated the most effective types of Facebook content based on post engagement. METHODS Recruitment of 1511 ENDIA participants was completed in December 2019. Characteristics of participants recruited through Facebook were compared to conventional recruits using linear, logistic, and multinomial logistic regression models. A logistic regression model was used to determine the risk of study withdrawal. Data pertaining to 794 Facebook posts over 7.5 years from June 2013 until December 2020 were extracted using the Facebook ‘Insights’ function for thematic analysis. RESULTS Facebook was the third largest source of referral to the ENDIA study (300/1511; 19.9%) behind in-person clinics (500/1511, 33.1%) and healthcare professional referrals (347/1511, 23.0%). The ENDIA Facebook page had 2337 followers at the close of recruitment. Approximately 20% of these could be identified as participating parents. Facebook recruits were more frequently Australian-born (P<.001) enrolling postnatally (P=.01) and withdrew from the study at a significantly lower rate compared to conventional recruits (4.7% vs 12.3%; P<.001) after a median of follow-up of 3.3 years. CONCLUSIONS Facebook was a valuable recruitment tool for the ENDIA study and participants recruited through Facebook were three times less likely to withdraw during long-term follow-up. The sociodemographic characteristics of Facebook recruits were different to conventional recruits, but perhaps in unintended ways. Facebook content featuring stories and images of participants received the highest engagement despite the fact that most Facebook followers were not enrolled in the study. These findings should inform social media strategies for future cohort studies involving pregnant women and young families, and for type 1 diabetes risk studies. CLINICALTRIAL Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN1261300794707 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-13-124

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