scholarly journals Recombinant Human Leptin Treatment Does Not Improve Insulin Action in Obese Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1474-1477 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mittendorfer ◽  
J. F. Horowitz ◽  
A. M. DePaoli ◽  
M. A. McCamish ◽  
B. W. Patterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Improve Insulin Action

scholarly journals Insulin resistance: Impact on therapeutic developments in diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford J Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Therapeutic Practice ◽  
Improve Insulin Action ◽  
Clinical Awareness

Insulin resistance has a broad pathogenic impact affecting metabolic, cardio-renal and other disease areas. Extensive studies to dissect the mechanisms of insulin resistance have provided valuable insights to shape current clinical awareness and advance therapeutic practice. However, the development of direct interventions against insulin resistance has been hindered by its complex and highly variable presentations, especially in type 2 diabetes. Among glucose-lowering agents, metformin and thiazolidinediones provide cellular actions that counter some effects of insulin resistance: reduced glucotoxicity and weight-lowering with antidiabetic therapies also improve insulin action, except that endogenously- or exogenously-created hyperinsulinaemia may partially compromise these benefits. Increasing awareness of the pervasiveness and damaging ramifications of insulin resistance heightens the need for more specifically targeted and more effective therapies.

The Effects of Metformin on Adipocyte Insulin Action and Metabolic Control in Obese Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluf Pedersen ◽  
O. Hother Nielsen ◽  
J. Bak ◽  
B. Richelsen ◽  
H. Beck-Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Obese Subjects

Abstract #724: Bariatric Surgery Restores Both Cardiac and Sudomotor Autonomic C-Fiber Dysfunction Towards Normal in Obese Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Carolina Casellini ◽  
Joshua Edwards ◽  
Henri Parson ◽  
Kim Hodges ◽  
David Lieb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
C Fiber ◽  
Obese Subjects

scholarly journals Sterol 27-Hydroxylase Polymorphism Significantly Associates With Shorter Telomere, Higher Cardiovascular and Type-2 Diabetes Risk in Obese Subjects

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Pavanello ◽  
Laura Angelici ◽  
Mirjam Hoxha ◽  
Laura Cantone ◽  
Manuela Campisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Obese Subjects

Activation of heat shock response improves glucose metabolism and inflammation in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. S61
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Kondo ◽  
Rieko Goto ◽  
Kaoru Ono ◽  
Sayaka Kitano ◽  
Motoyuki Igata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Heat Shock Response ◽  
Shock Response ◽  
Obese Subjects

Abstract 018: Two-year Changes of Adiponectin after Bariatric Surgery and Their Association with Incident Type 2 Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer and Mortality: Results from the Swedish Obese Subjects Study

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Herder ◽  
Markku Peltonen ◽  
Per-Arne Svensson ◽  
Maren Carstensen ◽  
Peter Jacobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Surgery Group ◽  
Obese Subjects

Introduction: Adiponectin has anti-inflammatory, insulin-sensitising and atheroprotective effects in rodents. Although serum adiponectin is uniformly downregulated in obesity, its clinical relevance in humans seems more complex. It is not known whether changes in circulating adiponectin predict type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer and mortality in an obese population. Hypothesis: We hypothesised that adiponectin levels are upregulated substantially after weight loss following bariatric surgery and that pronounced increases of adiponectin should offer better protection for individuals against type 2 diabetes. In addition, findings for type 2 diabetes should be compared to associations with cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer and mortality. Methods: Serum concentrations of total adiponectin were measured in 3,223 participants of the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) Study (1,533 in the bariatric surgery group: 229 with gastric bypass, 1056 with vertical banded gastroplasty, 248 with adjustable gastric banding; 1,690 in the control group without surgery) at study baseline and after 2 years. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) per 1 standard deviation (SD) of 2-year changes (concentration at year 2 - concentration at baseline) in adiponectin were calculated for incident type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer and mortality in the combined surgery group. Numbers of cases were 93, 122, 78, 55, 82 and 179, respectively. Median follow-up times ranged from 10 years for diabetes up to 16 years for mortality. Results: Mean (SD) levels of adiponectin at baseline were 7,453 (4,150) ng/ml in the combined surgery group and 8,247 (4,846) ng/ml in the control group. During the first 2 years of follow-up, adiponectin levels increased in the surgery group by 4,850 (5,387) ng/ml (parallel to a loss of 24% of body weight) and decreased slightly by 270 (2,650) ng/ml in the control group (parallel to a slight gain of 0.1% body weight). The degree of correlation between changes in adiponectin and weight loss in kg was more pronounced in the surgery groups compared with the control group (p=0.001 for interaction). Two-year increases in adiponectin in the surgery group were associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes (HR [95% CI] 0.61 [0.38-0.98], adjusted for baseline data for age, sex, BMI, lipids, blood pressure, alcohol consumption, smoking, anti-hypertensive drugs, glucose, insulin), but not with cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer and mortality (adjusted HR between 0.89 and 1.05). Conclusions: Weight loss after bariatric surgery is paralleled by a substantial increase in circulating adiponectin. The degree of upregulation of adiponectin is associated with protection against future type 2 diabetes, but not with the incidence of cardiovascular outcomes, cancer or mortality.

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