scholarly journals Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Macrophage Infiltration Is Associated With Hepatic and Visceral Fat Deposition, Hyperinsulinemia, and Stimulation of NF-κB Stress Pathway

Diabetes ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 2802-2809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim-Anne Lê ◽  
Swapna Mahurkar ◽  
Tanya L. Alderete ◽  
Rebecca E. Hasson ◽  
Tanja C. Adam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Macrophage Infiltration ◽  
Tissue Macrophage ◽  
Adipose Tissue Macrophage ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Stress Pathway ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Low-Grade Inflammation Is Not Present in Former Obese Males but Adipose Tissue Macrophage Infiltration Persists

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Ara ◽  
Pernille Auerbach ◽  
Steen Larsen ◽  
Esmeralda Mata ◽  
Bente Stallknecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Macrophage Infiltration ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Tissue Macrophage ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Macrophage infiltration in two subcutaneous adipose tissue depots and systemic low-grade inflammation were studied in post-obese (PO), obese (O), and control (C) subjects. Young males were recruited into PO: (n = 10, weight-loss avg. 26%, BMI: 26.6 ± 0.7, mean ±SEM kg/m2), O: (n = 10, BMI: 33.8 ± 1.0kg/m2) and C: (n = 10, BMI: 26.6 ± 0.6 kg/m2). PO and C were matched by BMI. Blood and abdominal and gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue were obtained in the overnight fasted state. Plasma concentrations of IL-6 and CRP were higher (p < 0.05) in O than in PO and C, TNF-α was higher (p < 0.05) only in O compared to PO and IL-18 was similar between groups. The number of CD68+ macrophages was higher (p < 0.05) in the gluteal than the abdominal depot, and higher (p < 0.05) in O and PO compared to C in both depots. The content of CD163+ macrophages was similar between depots but was higher (p < 0.05) in PO compared to C and O in the gluteal depot. In post obese men with a long-term sustained weight loss, systemic low-grade inflammation was similar to non-obese controls despite a higher subcutaneous adipose tissue CD68+ macrophage content. Interestingly, the anti-inflammatory CD163+ macrophage adipose tissue content was consistently higher in post obese than obese and controls.

Visceral fat accumulation is an indicator of adipose tissue macrophage infiltration in women

Metabolism ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréanne Michaud ◽  
Renée Drolet ◽  
Suzanne Noël ◽  
Gaëtan Paris ◽  
André Tchernof
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Macrophage Infiltration ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Tissue Macrophage ◽  
Visceral Fat Accumulation ◽  
Adipose Tissue Macrophage

scholarly journals Visceral obesity: A new risk factor for stone disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilker Akarken ◽  
Hüseyin Tarhan ◽  
Rahmi Gökhan Ekin ◽  
Özgür Çakmak ◽  
Gökhan Koç ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Flank Pain ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Introduction: We examined the relationship between stone disease and the amount of visceral adipose tissue measured with unenhanced computed tomography (CT).Methods: We included 149 patients with complaints of flank pain and kidney stones detected by CT, from August 2012 to April 2013. In addition, as the control group we included 139 healthy individuals, with flank pain within the same time period, with no previous history of urological disease and no current kidney stones identified by CT. Patients were analyzed for age, gender, body mass index, amount of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, and serum level of low-density lipoprotein and triglyceride.Results: There were no differences between groups in terms of gender and age (p = 0.27 and 0.06, respectively). Respective measurements for the stone and control groups for body mass index were 29.1 and 27.6 kg/m2; for visceral fat measurement 186.0 and 120.2 cm2; and for subcutaneous fat measurements 275.9 and 261.9 cm2 (p = 0.01; 0.01 and 0.36, respectively). Using multivariate analysis, the following factors were identified as increasing the risk of kidney stone formation: hyperlipidemia (p = 0.003), hypertension (p = 0.001), and ratio of visceral fat tissue to subcutaneous fat tissue (p = 0.01). Our study has its limitations, including its retrospective nature, its small sample size, possible selection bias, and missing data. The lack of stone composition data is another major limitation of our study.Conclusion: The ratio of visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue, in addition to obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension, was identified as an emerging factor in the formation of kidney stones.

scholarly journals Osteopontin mediates obesity-induced adipose tissue macrophage infiltration and insulin resistance in mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 117 (10) ◽  
pp. 2877-2888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Nomiyama ◽  
Diego Perez-Tilve ◽  
Daisuke Ogawa ◽  
Florence Gizard ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Macrophage Infiltration ◽  
Tissue Macrophage ◽  
Adipose Tissue Macrophage

scholarly journals Reductions in visceral fat during weight loss and walking are associated with improvements inV˙o 2 max

2001 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole A. Lynch ◽  
Barbara J. Nicklas ◽  
Dora M. Berman ◽  
Karen E. Dennis ◽  
Andrew P. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tissue Area ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

The accumulation of visceral fat is independently associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine whether the loss of visceral adipose tissue area (VAT; computed tomography) is related to improvements in maximal O2 uptake (V˙o 2 max) during a weight loss (250–350 kcal/day deficit) and walking (3 days/wk, 30–40 min) intervention. Forty obese [body fat 47 ± 1 (SE) %], sedentary (V˙o 2 max 19 ± 1 ml · kg−1 · min−1) postmenopausal women (age 62 ± 1 yr) participated in the study. The intervention resulted in significant declines in body weight (−8%), total fat mass (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; −17%), VAT (−17%), and subcutaneous adipose tissue area (−17%) with no change in lean body mass (all P < 0.001). Women with an average 10% increase in V˙o 2 max reduced VAT by an average of 20%, whereas those who did not increaseV˙o 2 max decreased VAT by only 10%, despite comparable reductions in body fat, fat mass, and subcutaneous adipose tissue area. The decrease in VAT was independently related to the change in V˙o 2 max( r 2 = 0.22; P < 0.01) and fat mass ( r 2 = 0.08; P = 0.05). These data indicate that greater improvements inV˙o 2 max with weight loss and walking are associated with greater reductions in visceral adiposity in obese postmenopausal women.

Regional uptake of meal fatty acids in humans

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (6) ◽  
pp. E1282-E1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Jensen ◽  
Michael G. Sarr ◽  
Daniel A. Dumesic ◽  
Peter A. Southorn ◽  
James A. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Tissue Lipid ◽  
Meal Ingestion ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Two protocols were performed to study meal fatty acid metabolism. In protocol 1, 14 patients scheduled for elective intra-abdominal surgery (11 undergoing bariatric surgery for severe obesity) consumed a meal containing [3H]triolein in the evening before surgery. This allowed us to measure adipose tissue lipid specific activity (SA) in mesenteric and omental, deep and superficial abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. Intra-abdominal adipose tissue lipid SA was greater than subcutaneous lipid SA. There were no significant differences between mesenteric and omental or between deep and superficial abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. In protocol 2, meal fatty acid oxidation and uptake into subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue ([3H]triolein) were measured in six normal, healthy volunteers. Meal fatty acid oxidation (3H2O generation) plus that remaining in plasma (∼1%) plus uptake into upper body subcutaneous, lower body subcutaneous, and visceral fat allowed us to account for 98 ± 6% of meal fatty acids 24 h after meal ingestion. We conclude that omental fat is a good surrogate for visceral fat and that abdominal subcutaneous fat depots are comparable with regard to meal fatty acid metabolic studies. Using [3H]triolein, we were able to account for virtually 100% of meal fatty acids 24 h after meal ingestion. These results support the meal fatty acid tracer model as a way to study the metabolic fate of dietary fat.

Effects of a physiological GH pulse on interstitial glycerol in abdominal and femoral adipose tissue

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (5) ◽  
pp. E848-E854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Højbjerg Gravholt ◽  
Ole Schmitz ◽  
Lene Simonsen ◽  
Jens Bülow ◽  
Jens Sandahl Christiansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Abdominal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adipose Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Stimulation Of

Physiologically, growth hormone (GH) is secreted in pulses with episodic bursts shortly after the onset of sleep and postprandially. Such pulses increase circulating levels of free fatty acid and glycerol. We tested whether small GH pulses have detectable effects on intercellular glycerol concentrations in adipose tissue, and whether there would be regional differences between femoral and abdominal subcutaneous fat, by employing microdialysis for 6 h after administration of GH (200 μg) or saline intravenously. Subcutaneous adipose tissue blood flow (ATBF) was measured by the local Xenon washout method. Baseline of interstitial glycerol was higher in adipose tissue than in blood [220 ± 12 (abdominal) vs. 38 ± 2 (blood) μmol/l, P < 0.0005; 149 ± 9 (femoral) vs. 38 ± 2 (blood) μmol/l, P < 0.0005] and higher in abdominal adipose tissue compared with femoral adipose tissue ( P < 0.0005). Administration of GH induced an increase in interstitial glycerol in both abdominal and femoral adipose tissue (ANOVA: abdominal, P = 0.04; femoral, P = 0.03). There was no overall difference in the response to GH in the two regions during the study period as a whole (ANOVA: P = 0.5), but during peak stimulation of lipolysis abdominal adipose tissue was, in absolute but not in relative terms, stimulated more markedly than femoral adipose tissue (ANOVA: P = 0.03 from 45 to 225 min). Peak interstitial glycerol values of 253 ± 37 and 336 ± 74 μmol/l were seen after 135 and 165 min in femoral and abdominal adipose tissue, respectively. ATBF was not statistically different in the two situations (ANOVA: P = 0.7). In conclusion, we have shown that a physiological pulse of GH increases interstitial glycerol concentrations in both femoral and abdominal adipose tissue, indicating activated lipolysis. The peak glycerol increments after GH were higher in abdominal adipose tissue, perhaps due to a higher basal rate of lipolysis in this region.

scholarly journals Visceral Fat Accumulation During Lipid Overfeeding Is Related to Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Characteristics in Healthy Men

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 802-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maud Alligier ◽  
Laure Gabert ◽  
Emmanuelle Meugnier ◽  
Stéphanie Lambert-Porcheron ◽  
Emilie Chanseaume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Visceral Fat Accumulation ◽  
Tissue Characteristics ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose
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