scholarly journals Antiobesity Effect of Eicosapentaenoic Acid in High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet–Induced Obesity

Diabetes ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 2495-2504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayumi Sato ◽  
Hiroyuki Kawano ◽  
Tatsuto Notsu ◽  
Masahiko Ohta ◽  
Masanori Nakakuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose

scholarly journals High-fat/high-sucrose diet-induced obesity results in joint-specific development of osteoarthritis-like degeneration in a rat model

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Collins ◽  
D. A. Hart ◽  
R. A. Seerattan ◽  
R. A. Reimer ◽  
W. Herzog
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Mankin Score ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose Diet ◽  
Predictive Relationships ◽  
High Sucrose

Objectives Metabolic syndrome and low-grade systemic inflammation are associated with knee osteoarthritis (OA), but the relationships between these factors and OA in other synovial joints are unclear. The aim of this study was to determine if a high-fat/high-sucrose (HFS) diet results in OA-like joint damage in the shoulders, knees, and hips of rats after induction of obesity, and to identify potential joint-specific risks for OA-like changes. Methods A total of 16 male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated to either the diet-induced obesity group (DIO, 40% fat, 45% sucrose, n = 9) or a chow control diet (n = 7) for 12 weeks. At sacrifice, histological assessments of the shoulder, hip, and knee joints were performed. Serum inflammatory mediators and body composition were also evaluated. The total Mankin score for each animal was assessed by adding together the individual Modified Mankin scores across all three joints. Linear regression modelling was conducted to evaluate predictive relationships between serum mediators and total joint damage. Results The HFS diet, in the absence of trauma, resulted in increased joint damage in the shoulder and knee joints of rats. Hip joint damage, however, was not significantly affected by DIO, consistent with findings in human studies. The total Mankin score was increased in DIO animals compared with the chow group, and was associated with percentage of body fat. Positive significant predictive relationships for total Mankin score were found between body fat and two serum mediators (interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)). Conclusion Systemic inflammatory alterations from DIO in this model system may result in a higher risk for development of knee, shoulder, and multi-joint damage with a HFS diet. Cite this article: K. H. Collins, D. A. Hart, R. A. Seerattan, R. A. Reimer, W. Herzog. High-fat/high-sucrose diet-induced obesity results in joint-specific development of osteoarthritis-like degeneration in a rat model. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:274–281. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.74.BJR-2017-0201.R2

scholarly journals Impact of MR on mature adipocytes in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-induced obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Hayakawa ◽  
Tomomi Minemura ◽  
Toshiharu Onodera ◽  
Jihoon Shin ◽  
Yosuke Okuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose Diet ◽  
A Minor ◽  
High Sucrose

Active glucocorticoid levels are elevated in the adipose tissue of obesity due to the enzyme 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1. Glucocorticoids can bind and activate both glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), and pharmacological blockades of MR prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. To determine the significance of MR in adipocytes, we generated adipocyte-specific MR-knockout mice (AdipoMR-KO) and fed them high-fat/high-sucrose diet. We found that adipocyte-specific deletion of MR did not affect the body weight, fat weight, glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity. While liver weight was slightly reduced in AdipoMR-KO, there were no significant differences in the mRNA expression levels of genes associated with lipogenesis, lipolysis, adipocytokines and oxidative stress in adipose tissues between the control and AdipoMR-KO mice. The results indicated that MR in mature adipocytes plays a minor role in the regulation of insulin resistance and inflammation in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-induced obese mice.

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