scholarly journals Regulation and Function of FTO mRNA Expression in Human Skeletal Muscle and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue

Diabetes ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 2402-2408 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Grunnet ◽  
E. Nilsson ◽  
C. Ling ◽  
T. Hansen ◽  
O. Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
And Function ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Visfatin mRNA expression in human subcutaneous adipose tissue is regulated by exercise

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. E24-E31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lone Frydelund-Larsen ◽  
Thorbjorn Akerstrom ◽  
Søren Nielsen ◽  
Pernille Keller ◽  
Charlotte Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Metabolic Role ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Visfatin [pre-β-cell colony-enhancing factor (PBEF)] is a novel adipokine that is produced by adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver and has insulin-mimetic actions. Regular exercise enhances insulin sensitivity. In the present study, we therefore examined visfatin mRNA expression in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle biopsies obtained from healthy young men at time points 0, 3, 4.5, 6, 9, and 24 h in relation to either 3 h of ergometer cycle exercise at 60% of V̇o2 max or rest. Adipose tissue visfatin mRNA expression increased threefold at the time points 3, 4.5, and 6 h in response to exercise ( n = 8) compared with preexercise samples and compared with the resting control group ( n = 7, P = 0.001). Visfatin mRNA expression in skeletal muscle was not influenced by exercise. The exercise-induced increase in adipose tissue visfatin was, however, not accompanied by elevated levels of plasma visfatin. Recombinant human IL-6 infusion to mimic the exercise-induced IL-6 response ( n = 6) had no effect on visfatin mRNA expression in adipose tissue compared with the effect of placebo infusion ( n = 6). The finding that exercise enhances subcutaneous adipose tissue visfatin mRNA expression suggests that visfatin has a local metabolic role in the recovery period following exercise.

scholarly journals Nano Chromium Picolinate Improves Gene Expression Associated with Insulin Signaling in Porcine Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1685
Author(s):  
Alex T. Hung ◽  
Brian J. Leury ◽  
Matthew A. Sabin ◽  
Fahri Fahri ◽  
Kristy DiGiacomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Chromium Picolinate ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

The aim of this study was to investigate the interactive effects of dietary nano chromium picolinate (nCrPic) and dietary fat on genes involved in insulin signaling in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue of pigs. Forty-eight gilts were stratified on body weight into four blocks of four pens of three pigs and then within each block each pen was randomly allocated to four treatment groups in a 2 × 2 factorial design. The respective factors were dietary fat (22 or 57 g/kg) and dietary nCrPic (0 or 400 ppb nCrPic) fed for six weeks. Skeletal muscle samples were collected from the Longissimus thoracis and subcutaneous adipose tissue collected from above this muscle. Dietary nCrPic increased adiponectin, uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) and serine/threonine protein kinase (AKT) mRNA expression, whereas dietary fat decreased adiponectin and increased leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) mRNA expression in adipose tissue. In skeletal muscle, dietary nCrPic increased phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), AKT, UCP3 and interleukin-15 (IL-15), as well as decreased suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) mRNA expression. The improvement in insulin signaling and muscle mass and the reduction in carcass fatness by dietary nCrPic may be via decreased SOCS3 and increased UCP3 and IL-15 in skeletal muscle and increased adiponectin in subcutaneous adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Leptin receptors in human skeletal muscle

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 1786-1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borja Guerra ◽  
Alfredo Santana ◽  
Teresa Fuentes ◽  
Safira Delgado-Guerra ◽  
Alfredo Cabrera-Socorro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Leptin Receptors ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Basal Concentration

Human skeletal muscle expresses leptin receptor mRNA; however, it remains unknown whether leptin receptors (OB-R) are also expressed at the protein level. Fourteen healthy men (age = 33.1 ± 2.0 yr, height = 175.9 ± 1.7 cm, body mass = 81.2 ± 3.8 kg, body fat = 22.5 ± 1.9%; means ± SE) participated in this investigation. The expression of OB-R protein was determined in skeletal muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue, and hypothalamus using a polyclonal rabbit anti-human leptin receptor. Three bands with a molecular mass close to 170, 128, and 98 kDa were identified by Western blot with the anti-OB-R antibody. All three bands were identified in skeletal muscle: the 98-kDa and 170-kDa bands were detected in hypothalamus, and the 98-kDa and 128-kDa bands were detected in thigh subcutaneous adipose tissue. The 128-kDa isoform was not detected in four subjects, whereas in the rest its occurrence was fully explained by the presence of intermuscular adipose tissue, as demonstrated using an anti-perilipin A antibody. No relationship was observed between the basal concentration of leptin in serum and the 170-kDa band density. In conclusion, a long isoform of the leptin receptor with a molecular mass close to 170 kDa is expressed at the protein level in human skeletal muscle. The amount of 170-kDa protein appears to be independent of the basal concentration of leptin in serum.

METABOLISM IN ADIPOSE TISSUE AND MUSCLE OF THE YOUNG PIG

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. ADEOLA ◽  
B. W. McBRIDE ◽  
R. O. BALL ◽  
L. G. YOUNG
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
Glycerol Release ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Subcutaneous adipose tissue and intercostal and sartorius muscles from five barrows and five gilts at 20 kg liveweight were used to study lipogenesis, lipolysis, Na+, K+-ATPase-dependent respiration and protein synthesis. Lipogenesis rate measured by 14C-acetate incorporation into lipid was similar between barrows and gilts; and 100 μg insulin per mL enhanced (P < 0.1) subcutaneous adipose tissue lipogenesis by 74%. Lipolysis rate quantitated by glycerol release was similar between barrows and gilts (3546 and 4160 nmol g−1 2 h−1). Adenosine deaminase and norepinephrine together enhanced adipose tissue lipolytic response by 102%. Fractional and absolute rates of protein synthesis were similar between barrows and gilts (3.24 and 3.69% d−1; 6.01 and 6.06 mg g−1 d−1); and between intercostal and sartorius muscles. Barrows had lower Na+, K+-ATPase-dependent respiration than gilts and the maintenance of Na+ and K+ transmembrane ionic gradient in the muscle preparations accounted for 23–26% of total respiration. Key words: Pigs, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, metabolism

Thermogenic response to epinephrine in the forearm and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (5) ◽  
pp. E850-E855 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Simonsen ◽  
J. Bulow ◽  
J. Madsen ◽  
N. J. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Epinephrine Infusion ◽  
Basal Period ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Whole body energy expenditure, thermogenic and metabolic changes in the forearm, and intercellular glucose concentrations in subcutaneous adipose tissue on the abdomen determined by microdialysis were measured during epinephrine infusion in healthy subjects. After a control period, epinephrine was infused at rates of 0.2 and 0.4 nmol.kg-1 x min-1. Whole body resting energy expenditure was 4.36 +/- 0.56 (SD) kJ/min. Energy expenditure increased to 5.14 +/- 0.74 and 5.46 +/- 0.79 kJ/min, respectively (P < 0.001), during the epinephrine infusions. Respiratory exchange ratio was 0.80 +/- 0.04 in the resting state and did not change. Local forearm oxygen uptake was 3.9 +/- 1.3 mumol.100 g-1 x min-1 in the basal period. During epinephrine infusion, it increased to 5.8 +/- 2.1 (P < 0.03) and 7.5 +/- 2.3 mumol.100 g-1 x min-1 (P < 0.001). Local forearm glucose uptake was 0.160 +/- 0.105 mumol.100 g-1 x min-1 and increased to 0.586 +/- 0.445 and 0.760 +/- 0.534 mumol.100 g-1 x min-1 (P < 0.025). The intercellular glucose concentration in the subcutaneous adipose tissue on the abdomen was equal to the arterial concentration in the basal period but did not increase as much during infusion of epinephrine, indicating glucose uptake in adipose tissue in this condition. If it is assumed that forearm skeletal muscle is representative for the average skeletal muscle, it can be calculated that on average 40% of the enhanced whole body oxygen uptake induced by infusion of epinephrine is taking place in skeletal muscle. It is proposed that adipose tissue may contribute to epinephrine-induced thermogenesis.

scholarly journals Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Interstitial Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle Reflects Excursions in Cerebral Cortex

Diabetes ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1635-1639 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Nielsen ◽  
C. B. Djurhuus ◽  
C. H. Gravholt ◽  
A. C. Carus ◽  
J. Granild-Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose
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