scholarly journals Mating Advantage of Multiple Male Ornaments in the Barn SwallowHirundo Rustica Gutturalis

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Hasegawa ◽  
Emi Arai ◽  
Mamoru Watanabe ◽  
Masahiko Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Mating Advantage ◽  
Male Ornaments ◽  
Multiple Male

scholarly journals SEXUAL SELECTION, MULTIPLE MALE ORNAMENTS, AND AGE- AND CONDITION-DEPENDENT SIGNALING IN THE COMMON YELLOWTHROAT

Evolution ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1007-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey R. Freeman-Gallant ◽  
Conor C. Taff ◽  
Douglas F. Morin ◽  
Peter O. Dunn ◽  
Linda A. Whittingham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Common Yellowthroat ◽  
The Common ◽  
Male Ornaments ◽  
Multiple Male

Male viability is positively related to multiple male ornaments in Asian Barn Swallows

2013 ◽  
Vol 155 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Hasegawa ◽  
Emi Arai ◽  
Mamoru Watanabe ◽  
Masahiko Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Barn Swallows ◽  
Male Ornaments ◽  
Multiple Male

scholarly journals Discovery of Swimming Males of Paratanaoidea (Tanaidacea)

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Błażewicz-Paszkowycz ◽  
Robert M. Jennings ◽  
Karen Jeskulke ◽  
Saskia Brix
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Sexual Stage ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Secondary Traits ◽  
Parthenogenetic Reproduction ◽  
Juvenile Males ◽  
Multiple Male

AbstractIn Tanaidacea morphological identification of male individuals to the species level is complicated by two factors: the presence of multiple male stages/instars confuse the assessment of sexual stage while strong sexual dimorphism within several families obscures the morphological affinities of undescribed males to described females. Males of Paratanaoidea are often morphologically quite different from females and have not been discovered for most genera so far, which has led to the assumption that some tanaidaceans might have parthenogenetic reproduction or simply have undeveloped secondary sex traits. As a part ofthe IceAGE project (Icelandic marine Animals: Genetics and Ecology), with the support of molecular methods, the first evidence for the existence of highly dimorphic (swimming) males in four families of the superfamily Paratanaoidea (Agathotanaidae, Cryptocopidae, Akanthophoreidae, and Typhlotanaidae) is presented. This study suggests that these males might be the next instars after juvenile or preparatory males, which are morphologically similar to females. It has been assumed that “juvenile” males with a restricted ability for swimming (e.g., undeveloped pleopods) have matured testes, are capable of reproduction, and mate with females nearby, while swimming males can mate with distant females. Our explanation of the dimorphism in Tanaidomorpha lies in the fact that males of some species (e.g.,Nototanais) retain the same lifestyle or niche as the females, so secondary traits improve their ability to guard females and successfully mate. Males of other species that have moved into a regime (niche) different than that of the female have acquired complex morphological changes (e.g.,Typhlotanais).

scholarly journals Identification of multiple male reproductive tract-specific proteins that regulate sperm migration through the oviduct in mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (37) ◽  
pp. 18498-18506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Fujihara ◽  
Taichi Noda ◽  
Kiyonori Kobayashi ◽  
Asami Oji ◽  
Sumire Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Mutant Mice ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
Sperm Migration ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Multiple Male

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing technology enables researchers to efficiently generate and analyze genetically modified animals. We have taken advantage of this game-changing technology to uncover essential factors for fertility. In this study, we generated knockouts (KOs) of multiple male reproductive organ-specific genes and performed phenotypic screening of these null mutant mice to attempt to identify proteins essential for male fertility. We focused on making large deletions (dels) within 2 gene clusters encoding cystatin (CST) and prostate and testis expressed (PATE) proteins and individual gene mutations in 2 other gene families encoding glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase domain (GDPD) containing and lymphocyte antigen 6 (Ly6)/Plaur domain (LYPD) containing proteins. These gene families were chosen because many of the genes demonstrate male reproductive tract-specific expression. AlthoughGdpd1andGdpd4mutant mice were fertile, disruptions ofCstandPategene clusters andLypd4resulted in male sterility or severe fertility defects secondary to impaired sperm migration through the oviduct. While absence of the epididymal protein families CST and PATE affect the localization of the sperm membrane protein A disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 3 (ADAM3), the sperm acrosomal membrane protein LYPD4 regulates sperm fertilizing ability via an ADAM3-independent pathway. Thus, use of CRISPR/Cas9 technologies has allowed us to quickly rule in and rule out proteins required for male fertility and expand our list of male-specific proteins that function in sperm migration through the oviduct.

scholarly journals What maintains signal honesty in animal colour displays used in mate choice?

2017 ◽  
Vol 372 (1724) ◽  
pp. 20160343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan J. Weaver ◽  
Rebecca E. Koch ◽  
Geoffrey E. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Mate Choice ◽  
Female Mate Choice ◽  
Honest Signalling ◽  
Honest Signals ◽  
Explicit Consideration ◽  
Signal Honesty ◽  
Physiological Pathways ◽  
Index Hypothesis ◽  
Male Ornaments ◽  
Colour Signals

Many of the colour displays of animals are proposed to have evolved in response to female mate choice for honest signals of quality, but such honest signalling requires mechanisms to prevent cheating. The most widely accepted and cited mechanisms for ensuring signal honesty are based on the costly signalling hypothesis, which posits that costs associated with ornamentation prevent low-quality males from being highly ornamented. Alternatively, by the index hypothesis, honesty can be achieved via cost-free mechanisms if ornament production is causally linked to core physiological pathways. In this essay, we review how a costly signalling framework has shaped empirical research in mate choice for colourful male ornaments and emphasize that alternative interpretations are plausible under an index signalling framework. We discuss the challenges in both empirically testing and distinguishing between the two hypotheses, noting that they need not be mutually exclusive. Finally, we advocate for a comprehensive approach to studies of colour signals that includes the explicit consideration of cost-free mechanisms for honesty. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Animal coloration: production, perception, function and application’.

Mating success is predicted by the interplay between multiple male and female traits in the small hairy maggot blowfly

2014 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie D. Jones ◽  
Phillip G. Byrne ◽  
James F. Wallman
Keyword(s):  
Mating Success ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Multiple Male
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