scholarly journals Crystallization behavior of natural rubber. Part 1. Effect of mixed fatty acid on the crystallization of cis-1,4 polyisoprene.

1999 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 288-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiichi KAWAHARA ◽  
Naoyuki NISHIYAMA ◽  
Ai MATSUURA ◽  
Takashi KAKUBO ◽  
Yasuyuki TANAKA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Mixed Fatty Acid ◽  
Rubber Part

scholarly journals Crystallization Behavior of Natural Rubber, Part 3. Effect of Saturated Fatty Acid on Crystallization of cis-1,4-Polyisoprene.

1999 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 413-417
Author(s):  
Seiichi KAWAHARA ◽  
Ai MATSUURA ◽  
Takashi KAKUBO ◽  
Naoyuki NISHIYAMA ◽  
Yasuyuki TANAKA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Rubber Part

scholarly journals Crystallization behavior of natural rubber. Part 2. Effect of linked fatty acid on the crystallization of cis-1,4 polyisoprene.

1999 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 294-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiichi KAWAHARA ◽  
Takashi KAKUBO ◽  
Ai MATSUURA ◽  
Eng Aik-Hwee ◽  
Yasuyuki TANAKA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Rubber Part

Crystallization Behavior and Strength of Natural Rubber Isolated from Different Hevea Clone

2000 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiichi Kawahara ◽  
Yoshinobu Isono ◽  
Takashi Kakubo ◽  
Yasuyuki Tanaka ◽  
Eng Aik-Hwee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Fatty Acid Ester ◽  
Acid Ester ◽  
Proteolytic Enzyme ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Crystallization Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Green Strength

Abstract Crystallization behavior of natural rubbers of different clonal origins, i.e., RRIM 600, 60/2, 2025, 2026, and skim rubbers, was investigated by dilatometry at −25 °C. The latex samples were deproteinized with a proteolytic enzyme in the presence of surfactant. Skim rubbers were purified by centrifugation followed by acetone-extraction. The over-all crystallization rate of acetone-extracted rubbers could be divided into two categories: one includes RRIM 600, 60/2 and 2025, and the other RRIM 2026 and skim rubbers. This is attributed to the differences in the level of linked fatty acid groups and gel contents. The minimum level of linked fatty acid ester groups required to promote crystallization of natural rubber is about 2.8 mmol/kg. The green strength of the rubbers is dependent on the level of linked fatty acid ester groups.

scholarly journals Effect of Stretching Rate on Tensile Response and Crystallization Behavior of Crosslinked Natural Rubber

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-225
Author(s):  
Abdulhakim Masa ◽  
Nabil Hayeemasae ◽  
Siriwat Soontaranon ◽  
Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal ◽  
Mohamad Syahmie Mohamad Rasidi
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Deformation Rate ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Tensile Deformation ◽  
Chain Orientation ◽  
Tensile Response ◽  
Lower Strain ◽  
Strain Induced Crystallization ◽  
Induced Crystallization

The performance of natural rubber (NR) relies heavily on the microstructural changes during deformation. This has brought to significant change in the stress response of NR. Besides, the stretching rate may also affect the stress response of NR. In this study, effects of stretching rate on tensile deformation and strain-induced crystallization of crosslinked NR were investigated. Results indicated that increasing the strain rate has increased the stress at given strain where the onset of strain-induced crystallization was shifted to a lower strain. The crystallinity of the crosslinked NR was shown to be higher at a high stretching rate and it corresponded well with the tensile response. The results clearly confirm that chain orientation and crystallization became stronger with increasing deformation rate. The study also suggests that the deformation could improve distribution of crosslinked network structures.

scholarly journals Mixed fatty acid-phospholipid protocell networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Põldsalu ◽  
Elif Senem Köksal ◽  
Irep Gözen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Mixed Fatty Acid ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Structurally Stable

Self-assembled membranes composed of both fatty acids and phospholipids are permeable for solutes and structurally stable, which was likely an advantageous combination for the development of primitive cells on the...

Estimation, from Swelling, of the Structural Contribution of Chemical Reactions to the Vulcanization of Natural Rubber. Part I. General Method

1964 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 563-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Ellis ◽  
G. N. Welding
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
High Elasticity ◽  
Rubber Part ◽  
Structural Contribution ◽  
General Method

Abstract A procedure is described for estimating indirectly the contribution of vulcanization reactions to the build-up of network structure. This method is useful with technically important vulcanizing systems for which no direct method of estimation has been found. Errors of the theory of high elasticity are avoided by using published results, such as those of Moore and Watson of direct chemical estimates obtained with a special vulcanizing system that is chemically well understood. Reliance on the theories of end correction and swelling is also avoided by using published experimental relations. The method is applicable to any linear primary polymer of arbitrary molecular weight and any suitable swelling liquid, for which the required reference data have been obtained.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of deformation in crystallizable natural rubber. Part 2: Quantitative calorimetric analysis

Polymer ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 2727-2736 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Samaca Martinez ◽  
J.-B. Le Cam ◽  
X. Balandraud ◽  
E. Toussaint ◽  
J. Caillard
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Calorimetric Analysis ◽  
Rubber Part ◽  
Mechanisms Of Deformation
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