Benign Diseases of the Peritoneum and Retroperitoneum

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda K. Arrington
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Retroperitoneal Sarcoma ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Benign Neoplasms ◽  
Benign Diseases ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Key Words Ascites

The peritoneum and retroperitoneum, once considered just spaces, are now recognized as primary locations for trauma, inflammation, infection, benign neoplasms, and malignancies. To understand the spread of disease in these locations, one must first understand their anatomy, physiology, and relationship. As both the peritoneum and retroperitoneum contain multiple organs, the relationships of the abdominal organs within these spaces are critical. This review defines both the peritoneum and retroperitoneum and then describes the most common disease states and spread of disease within these spaces. Spread of disease, in particular, spread of malignancy, within the peritoneum is complex but predictable and can be treated in certain instances with heated intra-abdominal chemotherapy intraoperatively. This review contains 5 figures, 5 tables, and 37 references. Key words: ascites, carcinomatosis, desmoid, hyperthermic intra-abdominal chemotherapy, peritoneum, peritonitis, retroperitoneal sarcoma, retroperitoneum

Benign Diseases of the Peritoneum and Retroperitoneum

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda K. Arrington
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Retroperitoneal Sarcoma ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Benign Neoplasms ◽  
Benign Diseases ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Key Words Ascites

The peritoneum and retroperitoneum, once considered just spaces, are now recognized as primary locations for trauma, inflammation, infection, benign neoplasms, and malignancies. To understand the spread of disease in these locations, one must first understand their anatomy, physiology, and relationship. As both the peritoneum and retroperitoneum contain multiple organs, the relationships of the abdominal organs within these spaces are critical. This review defines both the peritoneum and retroperitoneum and then describes the most common disease states and spread of disease within these spaces. Spread of disease, in particular, spread of malignancy, within the peritoneum is complex but predictable and can be treated in certain instances with heated intra-abdominal chemotherapy intraoperatively. This review contains 5 figures, 5 tables, and 37 references. Key words: ascites, carcinomatosis, desmoid, hyperthermic intra-abdominal chemotherapy, peritoneum, peritonitis, retroperitoneal sarcoma, retroperitoneum

Modern imagine methods in diagnostics of acute pancreatitis in clinical practice

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
G. R. Ahunova ◽  
R. R. Ahunova
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Surgical Pathology ◽  
Diagnostic Radiology ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Comprehensive Examination

Acute pancreatitis is one of the most frequent and formidable diseases, and rates as one of the most common disease in the structure of acute surgical pathology of the abdominal organs. In the last decade, there has been an increase in the proportion of necrotic forms of the disease with damage to various departments of the retroperitoneal space and a stably high mortality rate. The diagnostics problem of acute pancreatitis is still relevant due to difficulties that persist despite the possibility of a comprehensive examination of patients upon admission to the hospital and during treatment. This article presents a review of the literature, reflecting the state of the problem and aspects of diagnostic radiology of acute pancreatitis.

scholarly journals Abdominal Tuberculosis

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (151) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mani Prasad Gautam ◽  
P Karki ◽  
S Rijal
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Abdominal Tuberculosis ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Clinical Awareness

Tuberculosis is a common disease and its incidence is in rising tendency in developed world because of AIDSand transglobal migration. Abdominal tuberculosis is more common in immunocompromised populationand manifests as infection of peritoneum, hollow or solid abdominal organs and abdominal lymphatics withmycobacterium tuberculosis organism. The peritoneum and ileo-cecal region are the most likely sites ofinfection and are involved in the majority of cases by hematogenous spread or through swallowing of infectedsputum from primary pulmonary tuberculosis. Pulmonary tuberculosis is evident in less than half of patientseither in active or latent form. Abdominal tuberculosis has a protean manifestation although the mostcommon clinical feature is the triad of abdominal pain, fever and weight loss. The diagnosis is often delayedbecause of non-specific presentation and is usually made through a combination of radiologic, microbiologic,histopathologic, endoscopic and molecular techniques. None of them provide a gold standard by themselves.However, an algorithm of these diagnostic methods leads to considerably higher precision in the diagnosisof abdominal tuberculosis which primarily necessitates a clinical awareness of this serious health problem.Abdominal tuberculosis is a serious condition and if untreated outcome is fatal. Early diagnosis and immediateinitiation of treatment along with dietary support is crucial for better outcome. Antimicrobial treatment isthe same as for pulmonary tuberculosis and management often requires combination of antituberculardrugs and surgery – for diagnosis as well as therapy.Key Words: Tuberculosis; Abdominal Tuberculosis; Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis.

Anesthesia for Urologic Surgery

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan B Ellis ◽  
Anton Wintner
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Transurethral Resection Of Prostate ◽  
Anesthetic Techniques ◽  
Minimally Invasive Procedures ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Bladder Tumors ◽  
Benign Diseases

Today, urologists care for patients who have benign diseases of the ureter, bladder, and urethra such as kidney or bladder stones as well as patients with malignancies such as bladder tumors or prostate cancer. Furthermore, as technology improves, larger, more invasive operations are being replaced by minimally invasive procedures. Patient comorbidities and need for anticoagulant medications have increased in quantity and scope. Therefore, anesthetic techniques, which have historically relied heavily on neuraxial anesthesia, have been forced to evolve to safely care for these progressively ill patients. Thus, a number of historical approaches to urologic procedures are no longer applicable. Therefore, an understanding of the type and scope of the operation being performed as well as an understanding of the patient’s own comorbidities is key to safely caring for the modern urologic patient. This review contains 5 figures, 5 tables, and 30 references. Key Words: bladder, cystectomy, hyponatremia, irrigating fluids, lithotripsy, prostate, transurethral resection of prostate, ureter, urethra

Influence of organ-preserving operations on organs of small basin on condition of ovariale reserve

2018 ◽  
pp. 63-65
Author(s):  
A.V. Bojko ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Hormonal Status ◽  
Benign Diseases ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Operative Measures ◽  
Small Basin

The objective: to establish influence of organ-preserving operations on organs of small basin on a condition of ovariale reserve. Materials and methods. Is carried out clinical-ehografical analysis that laboratory inspection of 100 patients of the genesial age interested in conservation of fecundity, after organ-preserving operative measures on organs of small basin. Results. The women of the genesial age who have transferred organ-preserving surgical interventions on organs of small basin concerning benign diseases of ovaries, uterus and the isolated tubal peritoneal factor of sterility within 6 months after operation have disturbance of functional activity of ovaries and attrition of ovariale reserve. The most expressed changes are observed at initial pathology of ovaries. Within 6 months after organ-preserving operative measures on organs of small basin at patients of genesial age, irrespective of nosology, the hyper gonadotrophic hypogonadism with hypoestrogenia and a hypoandrogenia, and also depression of ovariale reserve (by 4 times), not caused by autoimmune aggression is formed. The taped changes of parameters of the hormonal status correspond to clinical picture of premature attrition of function of ovaries. Conclusion. The received results needs to be considered when developing tactics of expeditious treatment of women of genesial age. Key words: organ-preserving operations, organs small to basin, ovariale reserve.

About the so-called "appendicular symptom complex" in malaria

1937 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1499-1501
Author(s):  
A. А. Shklyaev
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Symptom Complex ◽  
Cardinal Symptoms

Appendicitis, being the most common disease of the abdominal organs and at the same time the most "insidious" disease in which the cardinal symptoms take on all sorts of shades, should rightfully occupy the attention of a therapist, and especially a surgeon when patients complain of abdominal pain.

Select topics in the management of critically ill children

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (19) ◽  
pp. 1532-1543
Author(s):  
Kaitlin Hughes ◽  
Lauren Buenger
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Critically Ill Children ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Community Hospitals ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Vulnerable Patients

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this review article is to discuss considerations for the critically ill child presenting to an emergency department (ED) with pharmacists who have minimal to no pediatric training. Summary In 2015, 17% of all children visited an ED, constituting 30 million visits. The majority of these children were treated at community hospitals where pediatric care resources, including a pediatric-trained pharmacist, may be limited. Because of the complex array of ages and disease states, the care of critically ill children in the ED creates many concerns for adult and community hospitals. This article will focus on several common disease states seen in the pediatric ED, including septic shock, trauma, status epilepticus, and diabetic ketoacidosis. Conclusion Critically ill children admitted to a community or adult ED provide therapeutic dilemmas and medication safety concerns. A pharmacist with training or experience in pediatrics can have a major impact in patient outcomes in many of the disease states seen in these pediatric patients. This article highlights several key differences between critically ill pediatric and adult patients to better prepare all pharmacists to care for these vulnerable patients.

scholarly journals Crizotinib: aseptic abscesses in multiple organs during treatment of EML4-ALK-positive NSCLC

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Weber ◽  
Miriam Decker ◽  
Michael Schuster ◽  
Sara Folz ◽  
Carsten Johannes Stürmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Thoracic Wall ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Alk Inhibitor ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Alk Positive ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

Abstract Purpose We report a novel side effect of Crizotinib, an oral ALK inhibitor used in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with activating rearrangement of EML4-ALK. It expands the known spectrum of complications of Crizotinib. Methods Clinical case report. Results Multiple aseptic and recurrent abscesses were observed in the liver, thoracic wall as well as in both kidneys in a 75-year-old female patient suffering from NSCLC who had been treated with Crizotinib for almost 2 years. After discontinuation of the treatment the abscesses dissolved spontaneously and did not reoccur. Conclusion Aseptic abscesses under treatment with Crizotinib are not restricted to the kidneys as described before, but can also occur in other abdominal organs as the liver and even in the thoracic wall. We postulate that this finding may point to a yet unknown not tissue-dependent mechanism of action.

Dosage requirement of Pitx2 for development of multiple organs

Development ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 126 (20) ◽  
pp. 4643-4651 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Gage ◽  
H. Suh ◽  
S.A. Camper
Keyword(s):  
Heart Development ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Null Alleles ◽  
Allelic Series ◽  
Heart Tube ◽  
Rieger Syndrome ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Left Right Asymmetry

Pitx2 is a homeodomain transcription factor that is mutated in Rieger syndrome, a haploinsufficiency disorder affecting eyes and teeth. Pitx2 also has a postulated role in left-right axis determination. We assessed the requirements for Pitx2 directly by generating hypomorphic and null alleles. Heterozygotes for either allele have eye abnormalities consistent with Rieger syndrome. The ventral body wall fails to close in embryos homozygous for the null allele, leaving the heart and abdominal organs externalized and the body axis contorted. In homozygotes for either allele, the heart tube undergoes normal, rightward looping and the stomach is positioned normally. In contrast, homozygotes for both alleles exhibit right isomerization of the lungs. Thus, Pitx2 is required for left-right asymmetry of the lungs but not other organs. Homozygotes for either allele exhibit septal and valve defects, and null homozygotes have a single atrium proving that a threshold level of Pitx2 is required for normal heart development. Null homozygotes exhibit arrest of pituitary gland development at the committed Rathke pouch stage and eye defects including optic nerve coloboma and absence of ocular muscles. This allelic series establishes that Pitx2 is required for the development of mulitple organs in a dosage-sensitive manner.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document