Overview of Psychotherapy in Psychiatry

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Cowan ◽  
Randon Welton
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Dialectical Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Supportive Psychotherapy ◽  
History Of Psychotherapy ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich

Psychotherapy continues to be an integral part of psychiatric practice. The rich, interesting history of psychotherapy in medicine and psychiatry set the background to current practice. Psychoeducation provides patients with necessary information and forms the basic building block for all other psychotherapies. Supportive therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and psychoanalytic/psychodynamic psychotherapies constitute the core of the therapeutic styles, but dialectical behavioral therapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, interpersonal psychotherapy, motivational interviewing, hypnosis, and group psychotherapy are also practiced in current psychiatry. Key therapeutic tenets from each of these disciplines are incorporated into the medical practice of psychiatry.  This review contains 5 figures, 4 tables, and 63 references. Key words: cognitive-behavioral therapy, current psychiatric practices, dialectical behavioral therapy, psychiatrist as therapist, psychoanalytic psychotherapy, psychodynamic psychotherapy, psychoeducation, psychotherapy, supportive psychotherapy 

scholarly journals Schema therapy versus cognitive behavioral therapy versus individual supportive therapy for depression in an inpatient and day clinic setting: study protocol of the OPTIMA-RCT

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Kopf-Beck ◽  
Petra Zimmermann ◽  
Samy Egli ◽  
Martin Rein ◽  
Nils Kappelmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Schema Therapy ◽  
Clinic Setting ◽  
Day Clinic

Abstract Background Major depressive disorder represents (MDD) a major cause of disability and disease burden. Beside antidepressant medication, psychotherapy is a key approach of treatment. Schema therapy has been shown to be effective in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, especially personality disorders, in a variety of settings and patient groups. Nevertheless, there is no evidence on its effectiveness for MDD in an inpatient nor day clinic setting and little is known about the factors that drive treatment response in such a target group. Methods In the current protocol, we outline OPTIMA (OPtimized Treatment Identification at the MAx Planck Institute): a single-center randomized controlled trial of schema therapy as a treatment approach for MDD in an inpatient and day clinic setting. Over the course of 7 weeks, we compare schema therapy with cognitive behavioral therapy and individual supportive therapy, conducted in individual and group sessions and with no restrictions regarding concurrent antidepressant medication, thus approximating real-life treatment conditions. N = 300 depressed patients are included. All study therapists undergo a specific training and supervision and therapy adherence is assessed. Primary outcome is depressive symptom severity as self-assessment (Beck Depression Inventory-II) and secondary outcomes are clinical ratings of MDD (Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale), recovery rates after 7 weeks according to the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview, general psychopathology (Brief Symptom Inventory), global functioning (World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule), and clinical parameters such as dropout rates. Further parameters on a behavioral, cognitive, psychophysiological, and biological level are measured before, during and after treatment and in 2 follow-up assessments after 6 and 24 months after end of treatment. Discussion To our knowledge, the OPTIMA-Trial is the first to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy as a treatment approach of MDD, to investigate mechanisms of change, and explore predictors of treatment response in an inpatient and day clinic setting by using such a wide range of parameters. Insights from OPTIMA will allow more integrative approaches of psychotherapy of MDD. Especially, the identification of intervention-specific markers of treatment response can improve evidence-based clinical decision for individualizing treatment. Trial registration Identifier on clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03287362; September, 12, 2017

scholarly journals Suicidal behavior: theoretic model and practical implications in cognitive-behavioral therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Kholmogorova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Theoretic Model ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
Psychosocial Model ◽  
History Of ◽  
Further Development

The article presents the data on suicide incidence in Russian Federation. The author discusses the necessity of developing prevention programs and carrying out complex team-based specialist work to ensure safe environment at schools. It is noted that prevention and postvention methods should be scientifically grounded. History of development of a special psychotherapeutic cognitive-behavioral protocol for suicide prevention and postvention is presented. The author examines the problem of diathesis (predisposition) to suicidal behavior and formulates the main principles of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy of patients predisposed to suicidal behavior. Key stages of cognitive-behavioral therapy of suicidal behavior, techniques and approaches to working with such clients are described. Various targets that should be taken into account during crisis interventions are discussed. The article presents empirical research data of the effectiveness of cognitive psychotherapy of suicidal behavior and the results of the empirical study of factors of suicidal behavior in students based on multi-factor psychosocial model of affective spectrum disorders. It is emphasized that individual psychotherapy should be combined with other methods of suicide prevention and postvention. Perspectives of further development of methods of working with suicidal behavior are outlined.

Supportive Therapy Techniques Part I

2019 ◽  
pp. 179-191
Author(s):  
Brian A. Sharpless
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Adaptive Skills ◽  
Patient Knowledge ◽  
Reality Testing ◽  
Number Of Patients

A number of patients seen in contemporary clinical practice are not appropriate for traditional insight-oriented therapy (i.e., expressive approaches). These may include sicker patients or those who are not interested in exploratory work. Supportive therapy refers to a flexible treatment approach that is intended to be responsive to the particular needs of these patients. Supportive therapy also benefits from the integration of techniques from other orientations (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy). After discussing supportive therapy more generally and differentiating it from the expressive approaches, this chapter focuses on two sets of supportive techniques. The first focuses on ways to support and enhance realistic patient self-esteem. The second set consists of techniques used to increase patient knowledge and build adaptive skills (e.g., psychoeducation, reality testing).

Epilepsy Specialist Nurse, 10 years’ experience, UK

2020 ◽  
pp. 162-164
Author(s):  
Markus Reuber ◽  
Gregg H. Rawlings ◽  
Steven C. Schachter
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Functional Disorder ◽  
Specialist Nurse ◽  
Diagnostic Certainty ◽  
False Sense ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Dissociative Seizures

This chapter discusses the experience of an Epilepsy Nurse with a patient with Dissociative Seizures. The patient had been brought up in social care and had a history of abuse of all kinds. She developed seizures as a teenager, which presented as blank spells and periods of “being absent.” She was then referred to a Neurologist, who diagnosed her with a Functional Disorder. The Neurologist told her this was due to anxiety, and there was no need for further investigation. The chapter then highlights the importance of keeping such individuals within the epilepsy services until they have been given access to the right pathway, or have at least engaged with appropriate services such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Although the authority of an epilepsy clinic can lead to a false sense of diagnostic certainty, it does protect patients within a service that knows their story. Later, the Epilepsy Nurse met the patient once again when he had been admitted after he had experienced five seizures at work. The Epilepsy Nurse hoped that the previous course of CBT had provided a quick fix and helped her to recover from a debilitating condition. What had happened, however, was the transference of her own symptoms to her partner.

scholarly journals Digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia promotes later health resilience during the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Cheng ◽  
Melynda D Casement ◽  
David A Kalmbach ◽  
Andrea Cuamatzi Castelan ◽  
Christopher L Drake
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Sleep Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

Abstract Study Objectives Stressful life events contribute to insomnia, psychosocial functioning, and illness. Though individuals with a history of insomnia may be especially vulnerable during stressful life events, risk may be mitigated by prior intervention. This study evaluated the effect of prior digital cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (dCBT-I) versus sleep education on health resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods COVID impact, insomnia, general- and COVID-related stress, depression, and global health were assessed in April 2020 in adults with a history of insomnia who completed a randomized controlled trial of dCBT-I (n = 102) versus sleep education control (n = 106) in 2016–2017. Regression analyses were used to evaluate the effect of intervention conditions on subsequent stress and health during the pandemic. Results Insomnia symptoms were significantly associated with COVID-19 related disruptions, and those who previously received dCBT-I reported less insomnia symptoms, less general stress and COVID-related cognitive intrusions, less depression, and better global health than those who received sleep education. Moreover, the odds for resurgent insomnia was 51% lower in the dCBT-I versus control condition. Similarly, odds of moderate to severe depression during COVID-19 was 57% lower in the dCBT-I condition. Conclusions Those who received dCBT-I had increased health resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults with a history of insomnia and ongoing mild to moderate mental health symptoms. These data provide evidence that dCBT-I is a powerful tool to promote mental and physical health during stressors, including the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical Trial Registration NCT02988375

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