Kleptomania, Pyromania, and Disruptive Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric W Leppink ◽  
Jon E Grant
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Intermittent Explosive Disorder ◽  
Disruptive Disorders ◽  
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Key Words Adolescents

Chronic disruptive and impulsive behaviors, such as kleptomania, pyromania, and intermittent explosive disorder, are significant concerns for clinicians treating psychiatric disorders due to their persistence and potential legal ramifications. To date, only a few studies have assessed treatment options for pyromania, oppositional defiant disorder, intermittent explosive disorder, kleptomania, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, and conduct disorder. This review discusses the clinical presentation of these disorders and the available literature on their treatment, focusing primarily on randomized controlled studies. Due to the paucity of available clinical studies for these disorders, however, case studies and open trials are mentioned for reference. Summaries of supported pharmaceutical and psychological interventions are provided for each disorder. Key words: adolescents, aggression, crime, fire setting, impulsivity, stealing, theft, treatment 

scholarly journals Improving outcomes after autologous transplantation in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: a European expert perspective

BMC Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Sureda ◽  
Marc André ◽  
Peter Borchmann ◽  
Maria G. da Silva ◽  
Christian Gisselbrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Autologous Transplantation ◽  
Brentuximab Vedotin ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Cure Rates ◽  
Cancer Network

Abstract Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is a well-established approach to treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) recommended by both the European Society for Medical Oncology and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network based on the results from randomized controlled studies. However, a considerable number of patients who receive ASCT will progress/relapse and display suboptimal post-transplant outcomes. Over recent years, a number of different strategies have been assessed to improve post-ASCT outcomes and augment HL cure rates. These include use of pre- and post-ASCT salvage therapies and post-ASCT consolidative therapy, with the greatest benefits demonstrated by targeted therapies, such as brentuximab vedotin. However, adoption of these new approaches has been inconsistent across different centers and regions. In this article, we provide a European perspective on the available treatment options and likely future developments in the salvage and consolidation settings, with the aim to improve management of patients with HL who have a high risk of post-ASCT failure. Conclusions We conclude that early intervention with post-ASCT consolidation improves outcomes in patients with R/R HL who require ASCT. Future approvals of targeted agents are expected to further improve outcomes and provide additional treatment options in the coming age of personalized medicine.

Treatment of adjustment disorders (DRAFT)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Casey
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Small Pilot Study ◽  
Homogeneous Population ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Variable Nature ◽  
The Many

There are few randomized controlled studies of the treatment of AD. This is due to the transience of the symptoms, the difficulty obtaining a homogeneous population owing to the absence of diagnostic criteria, and the variable nature of the stressor, among others. Clinical guidelines specify that brief psychological interventions are preferred, and these incorporate elements from the many approaches now available on the assumption that their mechanism of action will also be effective in AD. Few have been tested specifically in AD. Low-intensity therapies specific to AD are being developed, such as biblio-therapy and online self-help. Pharmacological interventions have not been tested in quality trials, but despite this, antidepressants continue to be frequently prescribed. A few trials of anxiolytics have found some benefit for all the agents examined, but none used placebo. EMDR was found to be beneficial in a small pilot study and is worthy of further study.

scholarly journals Sclerotherapy and prolotherapy for chronic patellar tendinopathies - a promising therapy with limited available evidence, a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Morath ◽  
Manuel Beck ◽  
Jan Taeymans ◽  
Anja Hirschmüller
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Patellar Tendinopathy ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract Chronic Patellar tendinopathy (CPT) is a frequent overuse disorder in athletes and active people. Sclerotherapy (ST) and prolotherapy (PT) are, among a wide range of conservative treatment options, two promising therapies and have shown positive results in other tendinopathies. Since the treatments’ efficacy and safety are still not defined, this review sought to answer questions on recommendations for use in clinical utility, safety, and how to perform the injection in the most effective way. An electronic database search was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria were set up according to the PICOS-scheme. Included were athletes and non-athletes of all ages with diagnosed painful CPT. Studies including patients suffering from patellar tendinopathy which can be originated to any systemic condition affecting the musculoskeletal system (e.g. disorders associated with rheumatism) and animal studies were excluded. Methodological quality (modified Coleman Methodology Score) and risk of bias (Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool 2.0) were assessed by two independent reviewers, with disagreements resolved with a third reviewer. The search yielded a total of 416 entries. After screening titles, abstracts, and full texts, ten articles were found for qualitative analysis. The mean Coleman Score was 64.57. Three randomized-controlled trials showed positive results with an increase in VISA-P score or a decrease in VAS or NPPS, respectively. The non-randomized studies confirmed the positive results as well. Among all ten studies no serious adverse events were reported. Based on this limited set of studies, there seems to be some evidence that ST and PT may be effective treatment options to treat pain and to improve function in patients with CPT. To strengthen this recommendation, more research is needed with larger volume studies and randomized controlled studies with long term follow up. Level of evidence IV

An Overview of Dementias

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Venkata Vijaya K. Dalai ◽  
Jason E. Childress ◽  
Paul E Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Common ◽  
Neurodegenerative Dementias ◽  
Made In

Dementia is a major public health concern that afflicts an estimated 24.3 million people worldwide. Great strides are being made in order to better diagnose, prevent, and treat these disorders. Dementia is associated with multiple complications, some of which can be life-threatening, such as dysphagia. There is great variability between dementias in terms of when dysphagia and other swallowing disorders occur. In order to prepare the reader for the other articles in this publication discussing swallowing issues in depth, the authors of this article will provide a brief overview of the prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, current treatment options, and implications for eating for the common forms of neurodegenerative dementias.

Phlegmasia cerulea dolens – an uncommon but alarming manifestation of deep vein thrombosis

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-426
Author(s):  
Manuela Nickler ◽  
Sebastian Haubitz ◽  
Adriana Méndez ◽  
Martin Gissler ◽  
Peter Stierli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Bleeding Risk ◽  
Venous Intervention ◽  
Aggressive Treatment ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Surgical Thrombectomy ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens

Summary: In phlegmasia cerulea dolens (PCD), immediate diagnosis and prompt treatment is crucial for limb salvage. Aggressive treatment options including venous intervention, thrombolysis and/or surgical thrombectomy should be considered. Due to the lack of data, the most appropriate intervention depends upon etiology of PCD, clinical presentation and patient’s bleeding risk.

Relationship between total plasma homocysteine and the risk of aneurysms – a meta-analysis

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hanji Zhang ◽  
Dexin Yin ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Yezhou Li ◽  
Dejiang Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Healthy Participants

Summary: Our meta-analysis focused on the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) level and the incidence of aneurysms and looked at the relationship between smoking, hypertension and aneurysms. A systematic literature search of Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase databases (up to March 31, 2020) resulted in the identification of 19 studies, including 2,629 aneurysm patients and 6,497 healthy participants. Combined analysis of the included studies showed that number of smoking, hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in aneurysm patients was higher than that in the control groups, and the total plasma Hcy level in aneurysm patients was also higher. These findings suggest that smoking, hypertension and HHcy may be risk factors for the development and progression of aneurysms. Although the heterogeneity of meta-analysis was significant, it was found that the heterogeneity might come from the difference between race and disease species through subgroup analysis. Large-scale randomized controlled studies of single species and single disease species are needed in the future to supplement the accuracy of the results.

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