Arthritis of the Knee

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Sharma ◽  
Kevin Anuvat ◽  
Liju John ◽  
Matthew Davis
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Osteoarthritis Of The Knee ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drugs

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is the most common form of degenerative joint disease, affecting 13.9% of adults age 25 years and older and 33.6% of those 65 years and older. Some predisposing risk factors include age, obesity, infection, repetitive use, occupation, and previous trauma. Mild OA usually presents as pain in the knee with difficulty bending or straightening the knee, swelling, weakness, instability, locking, and clicking or snapping of the knee. A diagnosis can be made clinically and confirmed by x-ray showing narrowing of the joint space in mild cases; however, bone changes, subchondral cysts, and formation of bony spurs can be seen in more advanced stages. Treatment of mild to moderate OA involves a multimodal approach that includes lifestyle modifications, physical therapy, and electrical stimulation with or without pharmacologic management. Interventional therapies such as intra-articular corticosteroid injections and viscosupplementation are usually reserved for severe symptoms. Pharmacologic modalities such as acetaminophen, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, weak opioids, and duloxetine can be used as a single agent or combination therapy. Novel approaches to the treatment of OA include nerve growth factor inhibitors, botulinum toxin type B injections, and intra-articular platelet-rich plasma but are not well supported due to a lack of sufficient evidence. Key words: arthritis, degenerative joint disease of the knee, diagnosis, etiology, guidelines, noninflammatory arthritis, osteoarthritis of the knee, treatment

An Automated Histologic System for 3D Histomorphometry of the Mouse Knee

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Murienne ◽  
Michael J. Girard ◽  
Lise Loerup ◽  
Alexandra Boussommier-Calleja ◽  
Sandra J. Shefelbine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Joint Space ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Cartilage Volume ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Point Counting ◽  
Geometrical Properties ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
And Cartilage

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that is a leading cause of adult pain and disability in Western countries1. Clinically, several structural features of the joint are important in diagnosis, prognosis and evaluation of treatment efficacy, e.g. cartilage volume, homogeneity and joint space narrowing2,3. In animal models of OA, structural features such as bone defects and cartilage changes are commonly investigated using histomorphometry, a technique that uses stereological point counting and manual tracing of regions of interest to extract 3-dimensional (3D) geometrical properties from 2D histology slides. This is time-consuming and subject to inter-observer variations, hence limiting precision 4,5. Therefore, a technique for rapidly imaging joint structures in 3D at high resolution, including articular cartilage and subchondral bone, is currently needed in pre-clinical OA research.

scholarly journals Application of platelet-rich plasma for canine osteoarthritis treatment - a clinical series

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-607
Author(s):  
K. B Aminkov ◽  
N. H. Mehandzhiyski ◽  
B. Y. Aminkov ◽  
N. Z. Zlateva-Panayotova
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Brief Pain Inventory ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Clinical Series ◽  
Osteoarthritis Treatment

Osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease (DJD), is defined as a progressive and permanent long-term deterioration of the cartilage surrounding the joints. There is no known cause for primary DJD. However, there are a wide variety of causes for secondary DJD, such as trauma, abnormal wear of joints and cartilage, or a congenital defect present at birth such as an improperly formed hip. One of the most popular methods used to biologically enhance healing in the fields of orthopaedic surgery and medicine includes the use of autologous blood products, namely, platelet rich plasma (PRP). Reports suggest that PRP, presumably containing high levels of platelet growth factors, may promote the recovery of the affected cartilage. This case series presents clinical and radiographic findings of three dogs with osteoarthritis of the elbow and knee joints. Pain score were assessed by CBPI (Canine Brief Pain Inventory). Treatment with three-fold intra-articular application of PRP, obtained by double centrifugation method, resulted in significant improvement in the function of the affected joint. Therefore, it could be concluded that PRP was clinically effective in the treatment of osteoarthritis in these three cases.

scholarly journals The effect of platelet-rich plasma in patients with early hip osteoarthritis: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Ortiz-Declet ◽  
David A Iacobelli ◽  
Muriel R Battaglia ◽  
Cammille C Go ◽  
David R Maldonado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Outcome Score ◽  
Patient Reported

Abstract We investigate whether platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections can improve symptoms and function in patients with mild to moderate osteoarthritis (OA). Data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed for all patients receiving PRP intra-articular hip injections between February 2017 and June 2017. The inclusion criteria were patients with a well-preserved joint space (Tönnis 0 or 1) whose magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings demonstrated degenerative joint disease or a Tönnis grade of 2. The patient-reported outcomes (PROs) used were the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Hip Outcome Score-Activities of Daily Living Subscale (HOS-ADL), Hip Outcome Score-Sports Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), International Hip Outcome TOOL (iHOT-12), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) and Mental and Physical aspects of the Veteran RAND 12 Item Health Survey (VR-12M and VR-12P). The visual analog scale (VAS) was utilized to indicate pain. Nine patients (11 hips) were eligible for inclusion. All PROs and VAS improved from pre- to post-injection. These improvements were present at the 3-month follow-up visit and stable until the 12-month follow-up. There was statistically significant improvement for mHHS (P < 0.001), HOS-ADL (P = 0.006), iHOT-12 (P = 0.003) and VR-12M (P = 0.005) at 12 months post-injection. Similarly, VAS improved from 4.1 to 2.3, although the change was not statistically significant. PRP injections significantly improved PROs in all measured scales at time points up to a year after intervention, except for VR-12P and HOS-SSS. In conclusion, patients with early OA of the hip had significant improvement of patient-reported functional outcomes up to 12 months after PRP intra-articular injections.

A retrospective study of canine hip dysplasia in 116 military working dogs. Part I: Angle measurements and orthopedic foundation for animals (OFA) grading

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
CM Banfield ◽  
JE Bartels ◽  
JA Hudson ◽  
JC Wright ◽  
JT Hathcock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Joint Space Width ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Working Dogs ◽  
Estimated Risk ◽  
Width Measurements ◽  
Military Working Dogs ◽  
Canine Hip Dysplasia

The progression of hip dysplasia was investigated in 116 military working dogs. Serial pelvic radiographs were graded for degree of dysplasia and degenerative joint disease (DJD). Norberg angles, angles of inclination, and joint space widths were measured. There was a significant correlation between the Norberg angle and the degree of dysplasia (p less than 0.0001). Angles of inclination and joint space width measurements did not demonstrate a correlation to canine hip dysplasia. Dysplastic dogs had a significant estimated risk for development of DJD compared to normal dogs (p less than 0.0001; odds ratio of 70.2). Dogs with normal hip conformation at 24 months of age or older did not develop moderate nor severe DJD.

Efficacy of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections for Grade 3 Symptomatic Degenerative Meniscal Lesions: A 1-Year Follow-up Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 194173812110110
Author(s):  
Mattia Alessio-Mazzola ◽  
Lamberto Felli ◽  
Roberto Trentini ◽  
Matteo Formica ◽  
Andrea Giorgio Capello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Meniscal Lesions ◽  
Activity Scale ◽  
Tegner Activity Scale

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections have been proposed as a biologic option to provide symptomatic relief and delay surgery in patients with degenerative joint disease of osteoarthritis (OA). The efficacy of autologous PRP on symptomatic degenerative meniscal lesions (DMLs) has never been investigated. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that patients with symptomatic DMLs without OA undergoing autologous PRP injections experience a significant clinical improvement at 12 months. Study Design: Prospective case series. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: A total of 69 patients with symptomatic DMLs without radiographic evidence of knee OA (Kellgren-Lawrence radiographic grading scale 0-1) received 4 autologous PRP injections once a week. Patients were prospectively evaluated before the injection and then at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Evaluation was based on Lysholm knee scoring scale (primary outcome), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), Tegner activity scale, and visual analogue scale scores. Results: Patients treated with PRP injections demonstrated an improving knee function and symptoms over the duration of the study. A significant improvement from baseline to 12 months was observed in all the outcome measures, and no patients experienced failure or required surgery during the follow-up. Patients younger than 50 years reported lower subjective level of pain and higher Tegner activity scale at baseline and had significantly better Lysholm knee scoring scale ( P = 0.03) and WOMAC ( P = 0.03) scores at 6 months, as well as better range of motion at 3, 6, and 12 months ( P < 0.001). Thirty-three (47.8%) patients were very satisfied, 26 (37.7%) satisfied, 8 (11.6%) partially satisfied, and 2 (2.9 %) not satisfied, with 62 (89.8%) patients willing to repeat the same treatment. No patient was lost to follow-up and no patient experienced adverse reaction, infection, failure, recurrence or underwent further surgery. Conclusion: PRP injections provide short-term benefits in symptomatic DMLs. Although promising results were evident at 12 months, this is a preliminary study and no definitive recommendation can be made based, for example, on longer follow-up. Clinical Relevance: This research supports the use of autologous PRP injections for symptomatic DMLs.

scholarly journals PROFIL PENDERITA OSTEOARTRITIS LUTUT DENGAN OBESITAS DI INSTALASI REHABILITASI MEDIK BLU RSUP PROF. DR. R. D KANDOU MANADO

e-CliniC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Kusuma ◽  
Engeline Angliadi ◽  
L. S. Angliadi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Osteoarthritis Of The Knee ◽  
Keywords Knee ◽  
Number Of Patients

Abstract: osteoarthritis is derived from greek meaning bone, arthro meaning joint and itis meaning inflammation. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that is chronic,progessive runing slow, often inflamed or causes only mild inflammation, and characterized by deterioration and abrasion of articular cartilage as well as by two risk factor are: risk factors that cannot be changed and modifable risk factors. Obesity is a global epidemic in developed countries and developing countries such as Indonesia, particularly in urban strip. This situation is caused by unbalanced energy intake with energy expenditure and excess energy is stored as body fat within a specified period. Objectives: this study aimed to determine the role of risk factor of obesity on the incidence of osteoarthitis of the knee in patients who visit the Rehabilitation Medical Installation BLU Prof. DR. R. D. Kandou Manado. Method: this type of research is descriptive research by taking medical record in medical rehabillitation installation at BLU RSUP Prof. DR. R. D. Kandou Manado. Result: in this study was obtained from descriptive data/medical record(MR) found the number of patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the knee by 74 people. Obtained as many as 31 people who have data(weight and height),3 complete lack data because just have weight and 40 people don’t have either weight or height. Research results knee OA patient who come control in the installation of medical rehabillitation only 31are listed the data Body Mass Indeks(weight and height), there are 5 people who have normal BMI, and 26 people who had a BMI of both overweight and obesity excess. Conclusion: from here we may see one of the risk factor for OA knee is obesity Keywords: Knee osteoarthritis, obesity.     Abstrak: Osteoartritis (OA) berasal dari bahasa Yunani yaitu osteo yang berarti tulang, arthro yang berarti sendi dan itis yang berarti inflamasi. Osteoartritis adalah penyakit degeneratif sendi yang bersifat kronik,  berjalan progresif lambat, seringkali tidak meradang atau hanya menyebabkan inflamasi ringan, dan ditandai dengan adanya deteriorasi dan abrasi rawan sendi serta  oleh 2 faktor resiko yaitu: faktor resiko yang tidak dapat diubah dan faktor resiko yang dapat diubah. Obesitas merupakan epidemi global pada negara-negara maju dan negara berkembang seperti di Indonesia,  terutama di daerah perkotaan. Keadaan ini diakibatkan  karena pemasukan energi tidak seimbang dengan pengeluaran energi dan kelebihan energi ini disimpan dalam bentuk lemak tubuh dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan faktor resiko obesitas terhadap angka kejadian osteoartritis lutut pada penderita yang berkunjung di Instalasi Rehabilitasi Medik BLU RSUP Prof. DR. R. D. Kandou Manado. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan mengambil data rekam medik di Instalasi Rehabilitasi Medik BLU RSUP Prof. DR. R. D. Kandou Manado.  Hasil: Pada penelitian yang didapatkan dari data deskriptif/rekam medik (RM) didapatkan jumlah penderita yang didiagnosis dengan osteoartritis lutut sebanyak 74 orang. Didapatkan sebanyak 31 orang yang memiliki data BB dan TB, 3 data kurang lengkap yaitu hanya terdapat data BB dan 40 data yang tidak mempunyai baik BB maupun TB. Hasil penelitian menyatakan penderita OA lutut yang datang kontrol di Instalasi Rehabilitasi Medik,hanya 31 yang tercantum data IMT (BB&TB),terdapat 5 orang yang memiliki IMT normal,dan 26 orang yang memiliki IMT berlebih baik overweight maupun obesitas. Simpulan: Dari sini kita bisa melihat salah satu faktor resiko OA lutut adalah obesitas. Kata Kunci: Osteoartritis lutut, Obesitas.

scholarly journals Clinical Cohort Study in Canine Patients, to Determine the Average Platelet and White Blood Cell Number and Its Correlation with Patient’s Age, Weight, Breed and Gender: 92 Cases (2019–2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Isabel de Marcos Carpio ◽  
Anita Sanghani-Kerai ◽  
Miguel A. Solano ◽  
Gordon Blunn ◽  
Alexandra Jifcovici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Platelet Number

Due to its easy preparation and that it is well tolerated, the use of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has become increasingly popular in regenerative medicine. However, there are still no clear guidelines on how it should be classified or whether the individual canine patient’s clinical status can influence its quality. Objective: This study aims to show if the weight, age, sex, neutered status or breed of canine patients have any correlation with the composition of PRP. Design: A blinded count of the platelets and white blood cells (WBC) was performed from 111 samples from 92 client owned dogs undergoing treatment for degenerative joint disease (DJD). The results were analysed using Pearson correlation test, ANOVA test or Student T-test. Results: There is a positive correlation between the number of platelets and WBC in canine patients of different breeds, but there was no significant difference on the platelet number and WBC number among the different breeds. The weight of the patient is also directly correlated to the platelet number (p = 0.003) but not WBC number. WBC number was negatively correlated to the weight of the patient. The sex and age of the patient did not affect platelets and WBC number, although WBC number is increased in non-neutered male population (p = 0.003). However, it would be interesting to investigate whether the growth factors released from the platelet granules are affected by patient variables in a canine population. Conclusions: Our results show that it is possible to obtain good quality autologous PRP, irrespective of age, sex, neutered status or weight of the patient, for PRP regenerative therapy.

scholarly journals Platelet-rich plasma intra-articular injections as an alternative treatment for knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Elena Sîrbu ◽  
Șerban Gligor ◽  
Corina Pantea
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Primary Analysis ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Inappropriate Treatment ◽  
Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Symptomatic Knee

Abstract Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage degeneration and hypertrophic lesions of the epiphyseal bone. It is a disabling condition that causes difficulties of locomotion and severe complications in case of inappropriate treatment. There is growing evidence proving the beneficial effects of using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. The aim of the present paper is to review the recent scientific literature on the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with platelet-rich plasma presenting the current opinion on this subject. Methods: We analys several studies about PRP who were identified using online databases: EBSCO, ScienceDirect, Scopus and PubMed. Results: After the primary analysis we selected a total of 23 relevant studies. The analysis focused on different PRP administration techniques and methods used in knee osteoarthritis. Conclusions: PRP is most widely used in incipient and moderate symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. Most studies show a significant decrease in pain and significant improvement in joint functionality. These results were mostly obtained after a short follow-up period (6 months-1 year) and also this treatment has a small number of side effects.

Thyroid function, osteoarthritis and epiphyseal closure in various strains of mice

1960 ◽  
Vol 199 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Silverstein ◽  
Leon Sokoloff ◽  
George E. Jay ◽  
Olaf Mickelsen
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Osteoarthritis Of The Knee ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Epiphyseal Closure

Thyroid function and osteoarthritis were studied in six inbred and six F1 hybrid strains of mice at 16 months of age. Strains having little osteoarthritis of the knee generally had lower T/S ratios than strains more susceptible to joint disease. No correlation could be established between the PBI or thyroid weight and the joint disease. The data supply no support for believing that endogenous insufficiency of thyroid hormone influences the development of degenerative joint disease in mice. When the present findings on epiphyseal maturation in four strains were supplemented with data from previous ones on the same strains, a positive correlation appeared to exist between the T/S ratios of these strains and the degree of epiphyseal closure of the knees.

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