Infections due to Escherichia coli and Other Enteric Gram-Negative Bacilli

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Mah ◽  
Inna Sekirov ◽  
Theodore S Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
The Family ◽  
Enteric Infections ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
Tract Infections

This review describes infections caused by Escherichia coli and related members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, excluding other genera that principally cause enteric infections. Infections caused by Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia are described in the review “Gastrointestinal Tract Infections," found elsewhere in this publication. The purpose of this review is to examine the specific epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment of individual members of the Enterobacteriaceae. The emerging concern of antimicrobial resistance amongst enteric gram-negative organisms and the approach to treatment in the setting of infection with these resistant organisms are discussed in the review “Antimicrobial Resistance in Enteric Gram-Negative Organisms,” found elsewhere in this publication. Figures illustrate the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. A table lists the clinical, epidemiologic, pathogenetic, and therapeutic aspects of infection with various pathotypes of Escherichia coli. This review contains 6 highly rendered figures, 1 table, and 79 references.

Antimicrobial Resistance in Enteric Gram-Negative Organisms

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Mah ◽  
Inna Sekirov ◽  
Theodore S Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Health Care Use ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
The Many

Antimicrobial resistance is a phenomenon that predates the introduction of antibiotics into clinical practice and has become an exponentially growing problem worldwide, leading to increased mortality and increased costs of health care use. Among the many organisms with ever-worsening resistance profiles, Escherichia coli and other Enterobacteriaceae species are significant pathogens, both in terms of numbers and the severity of the infections they cause. The purpose of this review is to examine the emerging concern of antimicrobial resistance and the approach to treatment in the setting of infection with resistant organisms. We will focus on the resistance mechanisms of Enterobacteriaceae to select antimicrobial classes, briefly discuss the epidemiology of resistance, and discuss current treatment strategies. The specific epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment of individual members of the Enterobacteriaceae are discussed in the review “Infections Due to Escherichia coli and Other Enteric Gram-Negative Bacilli,” found elsewhere in this publication. Figures illustrate the mechanisms of antimicrobial resitance in Enterobacteriaceae. Tables list the Ambler classification of ESBL/AmpC and carbapenemase enzymes, and antibiotics with activity against carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae. This review contains 4 highly rendered figures, 2 tables, and 27 references.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and ESBL of Uropathogens Isolated from Adult Females in Najran Region of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 650-658
Author(s):  
Mohammed Yahia Alasmary
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Government Hospitals ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: To explore the prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) among female patients in the Najran region of Saudi Arabia and determine their antimicrobial resistance pattern. Methods: This study was conducted on 136 urine samples collected from outpatient departments (OPDs) of the different government hospitals in the Najran region of Saudi Arabia. Over one year, the results of susceptibility testing reports of outpatient midstream urine samples from three government hospitals were prospectively evaluated. Results: Of 136 urine samples, only 123 (90.45%) were found to show significant growth for UTIs, from which 23 different uropathogens were identified. Escherichia coli (58.5%) was the most commonly isolated organism, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.1%). The isolated microorganism showed increased resistance patterns from 3.3% to 62.6%, with an overall resistance of 27.19%. Meropenem was the most effective antimicrobial, followed by amikacin and ertapenem (0.47%, 0.91%, and 1.5% resistance, respectively). At the same time, ampicillin and cephazolin were the least (62.6% and 59.5% resistance, respectively) effective. Overall, eleven (8.94%) uropathogens isolates were ESBLs, among which there were eight (6.5%) Escherichia coli, one (0.81%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, one (0.81%) Klebsiella oxytoca, and one (0.81%) Citrobacter amalonaticus. Conclusions: E. coli remains the most commonly isolated causative uropathogens, followed by Klebsiella species. The prevalence of pathogenic E. coli and Klebsiella species underscores the importance of developing cost-effective, precise, and rapid identification systems to minimize public exposure to uropathogens. Antibiotic susceptibility data revealed that most of the isolates were resistant to the majority of the antibiotics. The patients with UTIs in the Najran region of Saudi Arabia are at a high risk of antibiotic resistance, leading to significant problems in outpatient department (OPD) treatment outcomes and raising the alarm for the physician to change their empiric treatment.

Recurrence of Urinary Tract Infections due to Escherichia coli and Its Association with Antimicrobial Resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Angeles Ormeño ◽  
Maria José Ormeño ◽  
Antonio M. Quispe ◽  
Miguel Angel Arias-Linares ◽  
Elba Linares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli GW-AmxH19, Isolated from Hospital Wastewater in Greifswald, Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Schneider ◽  
Daniela Zühlke ◽  
Tabea Petscheleit ◽  
Anja Poehlein ◽  
Katharina Riedel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Wastewater ◽  
Circular Chromosome ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Protein Coding Genes ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT The Gram-negative and rod-shaped Escherichia coli strain GW-AmxH19 was isolated from university hospital wastewater in Greifswald, Germany. The genome consists of two replicons, including one circular chromosome (5.04 Mb) and a circular plasmid (126.96 kb). The genome harbors 4,694 protein-coding genes, comprising multidrug resistance and a potential association with urogenital tract infections.

scholarly journals National Surveillance of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteremic Gram-Negative Bacteria with Emphasis on Community-Acquired Resistant Isolates: Report from the 2019 Surveillance of Multicenter Antimicrobial Resistance in Taiwan (SMART)

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Yu Liu ◽  
Yu-Lin Lee ◽  
Min-Chi Lu ◽  
Pei-Lan Shao ◽  
Po-Liang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

ABSTRACT A multicenter collection of bacteremic isolates of Escherichia coli (n = 423), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 372), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 300), and Acinetobacter baumannii complex (n = 199) was analyzed for susceptibility. Xpert Carba-R assay and sequencing for mcr genes were performed for carbapenem- or colistin-resistant isolates. Nineteen (67.8%) carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (n = 28) and one (20%) carbapenem-resistant E. coli (n = 5) isolate harbored blaKPC (n = 17), blaOXA-48 (n = 2), and blaVIM (n = 1) genes.

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