Alcoholic Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibor Krisko ◽  
György Baffy ◽  
Alexander S. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Keywords Alcohol ◽  
The World ◽  
Annual Risk

Alcohol-associated liver disease encompasses all forms of liver injury related to the consumption of alcohol, one of the most common hepatotoxic agents in the world. The spectrum of this disease ranges from steatosis, which is present in everyone who drinks alcohol in excess, to cirrhosis, which occurs in approximately 10 to 15% of individuals with alcohol abuse and conveys an annual risk of 1 to 2% for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the prevalence of alcohol-associated liver disease and its profound impact on health, questions remain surrounding its pathogenesis and management. This review of alcohol-associated liver disease addresses the epidemiology, etiology and genetics, pathophysiology and pathogenesis, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and comorbidities, treatment, complications, measures of quality of care, and prognosis and outcome measurements. This review contains 6 highly rendered figures, 6 tables, and 50 references. Keywords: Alcohol-associated Liver Disease (ALD), alcohol, cirrhosis, liver injury, Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), alcohol-associated hepatitis, substance abuse

Mechanisms of liver damage in COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
T. V. Pinchuk ◽  
N. V. Orlova ◽  
T. G. Suranova ◽  
T. I. Bonkalo
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analyze Data

At the end of 2019, a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was discovered in China, causing the coronavirus infection COVID-19. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic poses a major challenge to health systems around the world. There is still little information on how infection affects liver function and the significance of pre-existing liver disease as a risk factor for infection and severe COVID-19. In addition, some drugs used to treat the new coronavirus infection are hepatotoxic. In this article, we analyze data on the impact of COVID-19 on liver function, as well as on the course and outcome of COVID-19 in patients with liver disease, including hepatocellular carcinoma, or those on immunosuppressive therapy after liver transplantation.

The association between hepatitis B virus mutations and the risk of liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Akrami ◽  
Mohammad Rafiee Monjezi ◽  
Shahrzad Ilbeigi ◽  
Farshid Amiri ◽  
Mohammad Reza Fattahi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Vaccine Failure ◽  
Occult Hbv Infection ◽  
Occult Hbv ◽  
B Virus ◽  
The World

: Hepatitis B virus [HBV], the best-described hepadnavirus, distributed all around the world and may lead to chronic and acute liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the advancement in treatment against HBV, an error-prone reverse transcriptase which is require for HBV replication as well as host immune pressure lead to constant evolution and emergence of genotypes, sub-genotypes and mutant viruses; so, HBV will be remained as a major healthcare problem around the world. This review article mainly focuses on the HBV mutations which correlated to occult HBV infection, Immune scape, vaccine failure and eventually liver cirrhosis and HCC. Current study indicated that preS/S region mutations are related to vaccine failure, immune escape, occult HBV infection and the occurrence of HCC. Whereas, P region Mutations may lead to drug resistance to NA antivirals. PreC/C region mutations are associated to HBeAg negativity, immune escape, and persistent hepatitis. Moreover, X region Mutations play an important role in HCC development.

scholarly journals Recurrent hydrothorax due to diaphragmatic perforation post hepatocellular carcinoma radiofrequency ablation: A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 013-015
Author(s):  
Aceituno Laia ◽  
Prió Alba ◽  
Ascanio Fernando L ◽  
Serres-Créixams Xavier ◽  
Mínguez Beatríz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Radiofrequency Ablation ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Fatal Complications ◽  
Uncommon Complication

Radiofrequency ablation is one of the most commonly used therapies for potentially curative small hepatocellular carcinoma. Although radiofrequency is usually a safe procedure, severe and potentially fatal complications can happen. This is a case of a 72 years old woman with cirrhosis secondary to Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD), who presented recurrent hydrothorax after treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and in which diaphragmatic perforation was subsequently diagnosed. We reviewed the differential diagnosis and management in a pleural effusion after a radiofrequency procedure. Although diaphragmatic perforation is an uncommon complication after RFA procedure, this case aims to help clinicians being aware of non-habitual complications.

scholarly journals Impact of Post Hepatitis C Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma on Health Related Quality of Life

2015 ◽  
Vol 04 (06) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Somaia M. Ebeid ◽  
Safaa H. Ali ◽  
Heba Y. Kamel ◽  
Ahmed A. Elbaz ◽  
Hazem M. El-Hariri
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

scholarly journals Meteorological Extremes in Korea: Prediction, Assessment, and Impact

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 782
Author(s):  
Okjeong Lee ◽  
Sangdan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
The World ◽  
Droughts And Floods

The extreme climates that occur around the world every year have a profound impact on the quality of life for mankind since they can cause natural disasters beyond our control, such as droughts and floods [...]

scholarly journals Progressive Liver Fibrosis in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3401
Author(s):  
Daryl Ramai ◽  
Antonio Facciorusso ◽  
Erika Vigandt ◽  
Bryan Schaf ◽  
Waleed Saadedeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic and progressive form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Its global incidence is increasing and makes NASH an epidemic and a public health threat. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with major morbidity and mortality, with a heavy burden on quality of life and liver transplant requirements. Due to repeated insults to the liver, patients are at risk for developing hepatocellular carcinoma. The progression of NASH was initially defined according to a two-hit model involving an initial development of steatosis, followed by a process of lipid peroxidation and inflammation. In contrast, current evidence proposes a “multi-hit” or “multi-parallel hit” model that includes multiple pathways promoting progressive fibrosis and oncogenesis. This model includes multiple cellular, genetic, immunological, metabolic, and endocrine pathways leading to hepatocellular carcinoma development, underscoring the complexity of this disease.

Syndrome of unmotivated prolonged cry of a newborn

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Bronstein
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Common Reason ◽  
The World

There is no family that did not experience distressful moments of cry and fussiness of the infant in the first 3 months of the baby’s life. The cries of the infant in the first months of life are the most common reason for contacting health workers around the world. As a result of the analysis of the child’s behavior and numerous discussions, the main conclusion has been made that crying can be considered an attempt to attract attention and receive care from others (parents), and then it is a reflection of the baby’s temperament. But crying can be a signal of real discomfort, pain, illness. Differential diagnosis is based on understanding and identifying clinical nuances, and the correct diagnosis determines the quality of care.

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