Cutaneous Sarcoidosis Successfully Treated with Alefacept

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 300-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Garcia-Zuazaga ◽  
Neil J. Korman
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Cutaneous Sarcoidosis ◽  
Lupus Pernio ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
Cell Inhibition

Background: Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology that affects multiple organ systems, including the pulmonary, lymphatic, skeletal, and integumentary systems. Improved understanding of the intrinsic immunology and molecular biology in sarcoidosis can be applied to the treatment of this disease. Alefacept is a human fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of leukocyte function-associated antigen 3 fused with the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin G1. It works by blocking the interaction between antigen-presenting cells and T cells to inhibit activation and by inducing apoptosis of CD4+ T cells. In this case report, we describe a 46-year-old patient with recalcitrant lupus pernio who was successfully treated with alefacept. Objective: To determine whether T-cell inhibition, specifically the use of alefacept, may be used to treat a patient with recalcitrant cutaneous sarcoidosis. Methods: Case report. Results: There was a modest clinical improvement after 8 weeks of intramuscular injections of alefacept. Conclusion: This case report provides further evidence of successful treatment of sarcoidosis with biologic agents directed against T-lymphocyte activation.

scholarly journals A Case Report of Marfan Syndrome with Literature Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Hemanth Kumar Kalla ◽  
Swarna Kumari ◽  
CH Rama rao ◽  
MKR Parthasarathy ◽  
S Surya prakash Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Marfan Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Connective Tissue Disorder ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Loin Pain ◽  
Routine Physical Examination

Marfan syndrome(MFS) is a connective tissue disorder that affects multiple organ systems. Cardiovascular, ocular, and skeletal abnormalities are cardinal features of the syndrome. Its incidence is among the highest of any heritable disorder.Most patients who have Marfan syndrome are usually diagnosed incidentally when they present for a routine physical examination for various reasons. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the literature, as well as describe a 22-year-old male with MFS and right hydroureteronephrosis diagnosed incidentally when he attended our hospital for complaints of fever and right loin pain. This case report emphasizes importance of “Revised Ghent criteria” for the diagnosis of MFS and highlights various clinical signs of MFS<strong>.</strong>

A Case Report of Marfan Syndrome with Literature Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Hemanth Kumar Kalla ◽  
Swarna Kumari ◽  
CH Rama rao ◽  
MKR Parthasarathy ◽  
S Surya prakash Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Marfan Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Connective Tissue Disorder ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Loin Pain ◽  
Routine Physical Examination

Marfan syndrome(MFS) is a connective tissue disorder that affects multiple organ systems. Cardiovascular, ocular, and skeletal abnormalities are cardinal features of the syndrome. Its incidence is among the highest of any heritable disorder.Most patients who have Marfan syndrome are usually diagnosed incidentally when they present for a routine physical examination for various reasons. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the literature, as well as describe a 22-year-old male with MFS and right hydroureteronephrosis diagnosed incidentally when he attended our hospital for complaints of fever and right loin pain. This case report emphasizes importance of “Revised Ghent criteria” for the diagnosis of MFS and highlights various clinical signs of MFS<strong>.</strong>

scholarly journals Combating a Case of COVID Pneumonia with ARDS – a Physiotherapist’s Standpoint

2021 ◽  
pp. 412-417
Author(s):  
Chaithanya Ratheesh ◽  
Aishwarya Nair
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Supplemental Oxygen ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Physiotherapy Treatment ◽  
Organ Systems

Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, affecting multiple organ systems. The disease usually presents as mild to moderate respiratory illness but in many cases has progressed to development of pneumonia and ARDS ultimately requiring ventilatory support and prolonged ICU stay. Prolonged immobilization itself is a harbinger of various complications drastically altering a patient’s functional status. Physiotherapy plays a vital role in the management of COVID-19 symptoms as well as in the prevention of complications.  Case Study: This case report describes the progress of a 44-year old female patient diagnosed with COVID-19 presenting with subsequent pneumonia and ARDS. The patient was started with medical management and supplemental oxygen therapy. In combination to the above-mentioned protocols, physiotherapy treatment was also initiated. After 2 weeks of rehabilitation and drug therapy, the patient displayed improved respiratory function at room air and was able to independently ambulate with minimal breathing difficulty. Discussion: This case report aims to highlight the importance of early intervention of physiotherapy in COVID-19 patients. The scope of physiotherapy treatment in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia is vast. The treatment protocol adapted for this patient are in tune with the various research articles analysed to ensure evidence-based care. This will enable the healthcare professionals to ensure timely referral and early initiation of Physiotherapy treatment. Conclusion: As per the findings and results of this case report, it is evident that the patient benefited from the timely advent of physiotherapy intervention. The key factor was the correct identification of the problematic areas and accurate prioritization based on the clinical presentation and investigation findings

scholarly journals PD-1, TIM-3 and LAG-3 Expression in T Cells in a Patient with Recurrent Ossifying Fibroma. A Case Report.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro García-Muñoz ◽  
Nayeli Goreti Nieto-Velázquez ◽  
Gabriela Damian-Morales ◽  
Carlos Liceaga-Escalera ◽  
Luis Alberto Montoya-Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Case Report ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Ossifying Fibroma ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Cell Death Protein

Abstract Background: Central ossifying fibroma is a benign, slow-growing tumor of mesenchymal origin with a predilection for the mandibular premolar and molar areas. The immunophenotype of T cells involved in the antitumor response against this benign tumor is unknown.Case presentation: In this case report, we described a case of a 48-year-old woman presenting with a very large recurrent ossifying fibroma in the mandible, which was successfully treated with hemimaxillectomy. In addition, we evaluated the expression of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), CD69 (activation inducer molecule) and CD25 (α chain of the high-affinity IL-2 receptor) in T cell populations from the tumor and peripheral blood of this uncommon lesion.Conclusions: The patient presented recurrent ossifying fibroma, and the tumor-infiltrating and peripheral blood T cells showed expression of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3, suggesting an exhausted T cell response.

scholarly journals Sporobolomyces salmonicolor: A case report of a rare cutaneous fungal infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2050313X1984415
Author(s):  
Rahina Damji ◽  
Atreyi Mukherji ◽  
Farheen Mussani
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Liposomal Amphotericin ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Liposomal Amphotericin B ◽  
Cutaneous Eruption ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Cutaneous Fungal Infection

We report a case of a 47-year-old male diagnosed with a cutaneous Sporobolomyces salmonicolor infection after suffering with an extensive cutaneous eruption for 4 years. Treatment can be difficult and options include voriconazole and liposomal amphotericin B. This infectious disease is extremely rare and can have extensive impact on multiple organ systems, including the skin.

scholarly journals Adult Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis with Hepatic and Pulmonary Involvement

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Bruno Araujo ◽  
Francisco Costa ◽  
Joanne Lopes ◽  
Ricardo Castro
Keyword(s):  
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Biliary Tree ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Langerhans Cell ◽  
Liver Involvement ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Organ Systems

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare proliferative disorder of Langerhans cells of unknown etiology. It can involve multiple organ systems with different clinical presentation, which complicates the diagnosis. It can range from isolated to multisystem disease with different prognosis. Although common among children, liver involvement is relatively rare in adults and frequently overlooked. Natural history of liver LCH fits into two stages: an early stage with infiltration by histiocytes and a late stage with sclerosis of the biliary tree. Pulmonary findings are more common and include multiple nodules in different stages of cavitation, predominantly in the upper lobes. We present a case of adult LCH with pulmonary and biopsy proven liver involvement with resolution of the hepatic findings after treatment.

scholarly journals Induction of alloantigen-specific hyporesponsiveness in human T lymphocytes by blocking interaction of CD28 with its natural ligand B7/BB1.

1993 ◽  
Vol 177 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Tan ◽  
C Anasetti ◽  
J A Hansen ◽  
J Melrose ◽  
M Brunvand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
Natural Ligand ◽  
Antigen Presenting

The specificity of T lymphocyte activation is determined by engagement of the T cell receptor (TCR) by peptide/major histocompatibility complexes expressed on the antigen-presenting cell (APC). Lacking costimulation by accessory molecules on the APC, T cell proliferation does not occur and unresponsiveness to subsequent antigenic stimulus is induced. The B7/BB1 receptor on APCs binds CD28 and CTLA-4 on T cells, and provides a costimulus for T cell proliferation. Here, we show that prolonged, specific T cell hyporesponsiveness to antigenic restimulation is achieved by blocking the interaction between CD28 and B7/BB1 in human mixed leukocyte culture (MLC). Secondary T cell proliferative responses to specific alloantigen were inhibited by addition to the primary culture of monovalent Fab fragments of anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody (mAb) 9.3, which block interaction of CD28 with B7/BB1 without activating T cells. Hypo-responsiveness was also induced in MLC by CTLA4Ig, a chimeric immunoglobulin fusion protein incorporating the extracellular domain of CTLA-4 with high binding avidity for B7/BB1. Cells previously primed could also be made hyporesponsive, if exposed to alloantigen in the presence of CTLA4Ig. Maximal hyporesponsiveness was achieved in MLC after 2 d of incubation with CTLA4Ig, and was maintained for at least 27 d after removal of CTLA4Ig. Accumulation of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon gamma but not IL-4 mRNA was blocked by CTLA4Ig in T cells stimulated by alloantigen. Antigen-specific responses could be restored by addition of exogenous IL-2 at the time of the secondary stimulation. Addition to primary cultures of the intact bivalent anti-CD28 mAb 9.3, or B7/BB1+ transfected CHO cells or exogenous IL-2, abrogated induction of hyporesponsiveness by CTLA4Ig. These data indicate that interaction of CD28 with B7/BB1 during TCR engagement with antigen is required to maintain T cell competence and that blocking such interaction can result in a state of T cell hyporesponsiveness.

scholarly journals ISCHEMIC COLITIS IN AN ADULT PATIENT WITH ATYPICAL HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME (case report)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
O. S. Ozerova ◽  
E. A. Poltorykhina ◽  
A. V. Vardanyan ◽  
O. A. Maynovskaya ◽  
V. V. Veselov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Ischemic Colitis ◽  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Complement Components ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare life-threatening condition caused by uncontrolled complement activation due to mutations in the alternative pathway of complement components. aHUS is characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, acute renal failure and affecting multiple organ systems. Extra-renal manifestations of aHUS take place in 20% of patients including involvement of the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, lungs, skin and gastrointestinal tract. This case report describes a severe course of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in a 21-year-old female, developed ischemic colitis.

scholarly journals Genetic variants associated with cross-disorder and disorder-specific risk for psychiatric disorders are enriched at epigenetically active sites in peripheral lymphoid cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary-Ellen Lynall ◽  
Blagoje Soskic ◽  
James Hayhurst ◽  
Jeremy Schwartzentruber ◽  
Daniel F. Levey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Risk Variants ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Specific Disorders

Multiple psychiatric disorders have been associated with abnormalities in both the innate and adaptive immune systems. The role of these abnormalities in pathogenesis, and whether they are driven by psychiatric risk variants, remains unclear. We tested for enrichment of GWAS variants associated with multiple psychiatric disorders (cross-disorder or trans-diagnostic risk), or 5 specific disorders (cis-diagnostic risk), in regulatory elements in immune cells. We used three independent epigenetic datasets representing multiple organ systems and immune cell subsets. Trans-diagnostic and cis-diagnostic risk variants (for schizophrenia and depression) were enriched at epigenetically active sites in brain tissues and in lymphoid cells (T, B and NK cells), especially stimulated CD4+ T cells. There was no evidence for enrichment of either trans-risk or cis-risk variants for schizophrenia or depression in myeloid cells. This suggests a model where stimuli (e.g. infection) activate T cells to unmask the effects of psychiatric risk variants, contributing to the pathogenesis of mental health disorders.

scholarly journals An unusual presentation of brucellosis, involving multiple organ systems, with low agglutinating titers: a case report

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzin Khorvash ◽  
Ammar H. Keshteli ◽  
Mohaddeseh Behjati ◽  
Mansoor Salehi ◽  
Alireza Emami Naeini
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Unusual Presentation ◽  
Organ Systems
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