Catheter-Related Infections in a Canadian Home Total Parenteral Nutrition Program: A Prospective Study Using U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Criteria

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Saqui ◽  
Maitreyi Raman ◽  
Albert Chang ◽  
Johane P. Allard
Keyword(s):  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Total Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Home Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Infusion Therapy ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Nutrition Program

Abstract The most frequent home parenteral nutrition complication is central venous catheter infection. The authors sought to determine the rate and types of bloodstream infections in a Canadian home parenteral nutrition program. Methods: Bloodstream infection was diagnosed if all following criteria were present: (1) one or more positive blood cultures were found, (2) antimicrobial therapy or catheter was removed, and (3) there were no other infections. Results: Between April 1, 1996, and April 30, 1997, 43 patients from the Home Parenteral Nutrition Program at Toronto General Hospital participated in a multicenter study in which a total of 355 patients receiving home infusion therapy for various reasons were enrolled. From these 43 patients, there were 37 infections in 19 home parenteral nutrition patients. The infection rate was 2.3 per 1000 catheter days. The common infecting organism was coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Conclusion: In this prospective study involving patients receiving home parenteral nutrition, although the information is 10 years old, the infection rate of 2.3 per 1000 catheter days is lower than most recent studies involving patients receiving total parenteral nutrition in the hospital or at home with a similar common infecting organism of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus.

Central venous catheter infection in Canadian home parenteral nutrition patients: a 5-year multicenter retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. S34-S42
Author(s):  
Olivia Saqui ◽  
G. Fernandes ◽  
J. Allard
Keyword(s):  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Home Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Median Length

HIGHLIGHTS A lower central venous catheter (CVC) infection rate suggests an improvement in practice and education. CVC infection remains a complication that often requires significant health care resources. Use of tunneled CVC and patient education on catheter care reduces CVC infection rates. Objectives: CVC infection is one of the most frequent, life-threatening complications in home parenteral nutrition (HPN) patients. Our objective was to conduct a 5-year retrospective chart review regarding CVC infections in 3 adult HPN programs. Methods: Data were collected from the Canadian HPN Registry and patient charts that include demography, infection diagnosis, blood cultures, and treatments. Results: Results are reported as median (range) ± standard error of mean or population frequency. Eighty-one charts were reviewed. Mean age was 51.98 ± 1.71 years. Short bowel syndrome (54.3%) was the primary diagnosis, with 36 months (range, 1324 months) median length of HPN therapy. Forty-seven subjects (58%) had infections over a 5-year period. Of these, there were 144 sepsis events. There was positive correlation (r=0.423; P<0.001) between number of infections and HPN duration. The median length of time the CVC was in place was 281 (range, 14–4380) days. There were 66.7% tunneled CVCs; 25.9% peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs), and 7.4% implanted venous port. In this sample, there was no association between line infection and catheter type. Most patients presented with fever (58.3%) and chills (38.2%). Blood cultures were done (89.6%), and coagulase negative Staphylococcus was the resulting pathogen present in 25.7%. Patients with bloodstream infection were treated for 17.9 ± 1.2 days with combination antibiotics (22.2%). Overall, the CVC infection rate was 0.97 per 1000 catheter days. Conclusion: We found the standard approach to infection prevention is comparable to reports in literature. However, a subset of patients with multiple CVC infections require education with an emphasis on preventive techniques in order to reduce the incidence of infection.

scholarly journals Home Parenteral Nutrition in Patients with Intestinal Failure: Possible Undetected Complications

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Santarpia ◽  
Giulio Viceconte ◽  
Maria Foggia ◽  
Lucia Alfonsi ◽  
Grazia Tosone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Intestinal Failure ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Home Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Radiological Features ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
Septic Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Lung Infections

Background: Septic pulmonary embolism (SPE) may be a frequently undetected complication of central venous catheter (CVC)-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs). Materials and Methods: The incidence of SPE was evaluated in a cohort of non-oncological patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) who were hospitalized for a CRBSI from January 2013 to December 2017. The main clinical, microbiological, and radiological features and the therapeutic approach were also described. Results: Twenty-three infections over 51,563 days of HPN therapy were observed, corresponding to an infection rate of 0.45/1000. In 10 out of the 23 cases (43.5%), pulmonary lesions compatible with SPE were identified. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that a CRBSI can produce asymptomatic SPE with lung infiltrates in 43.5% of the cases, suggesting the need to check for secondary lung infections to choose the most appropriate antimicrobial therapy.

P10 Evaluation of existing line-locking practice in central venous catheters of paediatric patients on home parenteral nutrition

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. e1.14-e1
Author(s):  
Tustin Amy ◽  
Hartley Karen ◽  
Derry David ◽  
Thomas Julian
Keyword(s):  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Central Venous Catheters ◽  
Home Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
List Type ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Paediatric Patients

AimTo review current line-locking practice of central venous catheters (CVCs) to reduce catheter related blood stream infections (CRBSIs) and preserve line integrity in paediatric patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN), with the secondary aim of producing a concise, evidence-based guideline for use in this cohort and inpatient PN patients as well.MethodAll 19 paediatric HPN patients were reviewed retrospectively over 6 months (January–June 2017). Data was collected from clinic letters, HPN prescriptions and blood cultures. Information gathered per patient:Line lock(s)Infective episode(s)CVC replacement(s)Establishment of current practice: All patients use TaurolockTM first-line. If CVC is stiff or stops bleeding back switch to TauroLockTM-Hep100. Should problems persist introduce alcohol 70% on alternate days or alone if recurrent infections occur on TaurolockTM. Blocked CVCs are instilled with urokinase or alteplase and CVC replaced if unsuccessful.Results18/19 patients were prescribed line locks as per above practice. One patient is prescribed heparin 10units/ml – due to a documented TauroLockTM allergy – and remained infection- free throughout. 7 infections occurred overall in 6 patients with 13 patients infection-free. 2.2 infections/1000 catheter days occurred in patients on TauroLockTM with 2 patients requiring CVC changes due to infection and broken CVC respectively.1 infection/1000 catheter days occurred on TauroLockTM- Hep100 with 2 CVC changes required due to occlusion. 11 infections/1000 catheter days occurred in 1 patient on daily alcohol 70%, although result validity is uncertain due to potential contamination of blood culture specimen from skin organisms during sampling. No infections occurred in 248 catheter days in patients alternating TauroLockTM-Hep100 and alcohol 70% with one line change required as CVC moved position.ConclusionCRBSIs pose a serious problem in paediatric HPN patients.1,2 Taurolidine has proven efficacy at preventing CRBSIs and proven superiority to heparin.3 The effectiveness of alcohol at reducing CRBSI rates and preventing CVC replacement has been proven when compared to heparin4 however, due to adverse effects (thrombosis and CVC degradation)4 use is limited to ensure benefits outweigh risks. These studies, although limited, and results in our patient cohort support the continued use of these line locks as per existing practice. Future work includes need to formalise written guideline and discuss clear pathway if patients have multiple CRBSIs on their existing line lock as presently information is unclear.ReferencesKoletzko B, Agostoni C, Ball P, et al. ESPEN/ESPGHAN guidelines on paediatric parenteral nutrition. Journal of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition2005;41:S76–S84.Candusso M, Faraguna D, Sperli D, et al. Outcome and quality of life in paediatric home parenteral nutrition. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care2005;5:309–14.Chu HP, Brind J, Tomar R, et al. Significant reduction in central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections in children on HPN after starting treatment with taurolidine line lock. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr2012;55:403–7.Oliveira C, Nasr A, Brindle M, et al. Ethanol locks to prevent catheter-related bloodstream infections in parenteral nutrition: A meta-analysis. Paediatrics2012;129:318–329.

Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Bloodstream Infections in a Home Parenteral Nutrition Program

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Elfassy ◽  
Zain Kassam ◽  
Faizan Amin ◽  
Khurram J. Khan ◽  
Shariq Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Home Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Program

Central Venous Catheter Salvage in Home Parenteral Nutrition Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 699-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martyn J. Dibb ◽  
Arun Abraham ◽  
Paul R. Chadwick ◽  
Jon L. Shaffer ◽  
Antje Teubner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Home Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Central Venous

scholarly journals Incidence and Outcomes of Home Parenteral Nutrition in Patients With Crohn Disease in Olmsted County, Minnesota

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Bakhshi ◽  
Siddhant Yadav ◽  
Bradley R Salonen ◽  
Sara L Bonnes ◽  
Jithinraj Edakkanambeth Varayil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Short Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Crohn Disease ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Home Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Olmsted County ◽  
Short Bowel

Abstract Background We sought to estimate the incidence of home parenteral nutrition (HPN) use in a population-based cohort of patients with Crohn disease (CD), and to assess clinical outcomes and complications associated with HPN. Methods We used the Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) to identify residents of Olmsted County, who were diagnosed with CD between 1970 and 2011, and required HPN. Results Fourteen out of 429 patients (3.3%) with CD received HPN (86% female). Eleven patients (79%) had moderate–severe CD and 12 patients (86%) had fistulizing disease. Thirteen patients (93%) underwent surgery, primarily due to obstruction. Among CD incidence cases, the cumulative incidence of HPN from the date of CD diagnosis was 0% at 1 year, 0.5% at 5 years, 0.8% at 10 years, and 2.4% at 20 years. Indications for HPN included short bowel syndrome in 64%, malnutrition in 29%, and bowel rest in 21%. The median duration of HPN was 2.5 years. There was an average weight gain of 1.2 kg at 6 months, an average weight loss of 1.4 kg at 1 year, and a further weight loss of 2.2 kg at 2 years from the start of HPN. Patients were hospitalized a mean of 5 times after the start of HPN, mainly due to catheter-related bloodstream infections and thrombosis. Conclusions Less than 4% of patients with CD need HPN. Most have moderate to severe disease with short bowel syndrome or malnutrition. Possible reasons for the patients’ weight loss could be noncompliance, and increased metabolic needs because of active disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document